Good day, dear friends! Today I want to tell you about licensed activities. Let's first consider what are licensed activities?
Licensed activities - types of activities, the implementation of which may entail damage to the rights, legitimate interests, health of citizens, defense and security of the state, cultural heritage of peoples Russian Federation and which cannot be regulated by methods other than licensing.
Engaging in a licensed type of activity without a license, if this act caused major damage or derived major benefits, is punishable under criminal procedure. Therefore, in order not to have problems with the law and to earn the trust of partners, customers, as well as to successfully participate in competitive bidding, the first priority in any activity is the acquisition of a license.
License- special document unified form, which confirms the right to carry out a specific type of activity for which a license is required. The license is issued by a special body on paper or in certain cases in in electronic format.
Let's decide with you whether your field of activity falls under compulsory licensing or joining SROs (self-regulatory organizations), because. the presence of a license or permission of the SRO is your "pass ticket" to participate in competitive procedures.
Currently, the types of activities subject to licensing are determined by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated May 4, 2011 No. 99-FZ “On Licensing certain types activities". Since November 3, 2011, this Federal Law has replaced the current Federal Law of August 8, 2001 No. 128-FZ “On Licensing Certain Types of Activities”.
The list of licensed activities consists of 51 items and is listed in Part 1 of Art. 12 of Law No. 99-FZ. It should be noted that the list of licensed activities established by Art. 17 of Law No. 128-FZ, was more extensive ( 105 various kinds activities ).
And so, the following activities are subject to licensing:
1) development, production, distribution of encryption (cryptographic) means, information systems and telecommunication systems protected using encryption (cryptographic) means, performance of work, provision of services in the field of information encryption, Maintenance encryption (cryptographic) means, information systems and telecommunication systems protected using encryption (cryptographic) means (except for the case when the maintenance of encryption (cryptographic) means, information systems and telecommunication systems protected using encryption (cryptographic) means is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur);
2) development, production, sale and purchase for the purpose of selling special technical means intended for secret obtaining of information;
3) activities to identify electronic devices intended for secretly obtaining information (except for the case if the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur);
4) development and production of means of protecting confidential information;
5) activities for the technical protection of confidential information;
6) production and sale of anti-counterfeiting printing products;
7) development, production, testing and repair of aviation equipment;
8) development, production, testing, installation, installation, maintenance, repair, disposal and sale of weapons and military equipment;
9) development, production, testing, storage, repair and disposal of civilian and service weapons and main parts of firearms, trade in civilian and service weapons and main parts of firearms;
10) development, production, testing, storage, sale and disposal of ammunition (including cartridges for civil and service weapons and components of cartridges), pyrotechnic products of classes IV and V in accordance with the national standard, the use of pyrotechnic products of classes IV and V in According to technical regulations;
11) activities for the storage and destruction of chemical weapons;
12) operation of explosive and chemically hazardous production facilities of I, II and III hazard classes;
14) activities to extinguish fires in populated areas, at production facilities and infrastructure facilities;
15) activities for the installation, maintenance and repair of fire safety equipment for buildings and structures;
16) production of medicines;
17) production and maintenance (except for the case when maintenance is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur) of medical equipment;
18) turnover drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, cultivation of narcotic plants;
19) activities in the field of the use of pathogens infectious diseases humans and animals (except for the case if the specified activity is carried out for medical purposes) and genetically modified organisms of III and IV degrees of potential danger, carried out in closed systems;
20) activities related to transportation by inland water transport, sea transport of passengers;
21) activities related to transportation by inland water transport, sea transport of dangerous goods;
22) activities for the carriage of passengers by air (except for the case if the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur);
23) activities for the carriage of goods by air (except for the case when the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or an individual entrepreneur);
24) passenger transportation activities by car, equipped for transportation of more than eight people (except if the specified activity is carried out on orders or to ensure
25) activities for the carriage of passengers by rail;
26) activities related to the carriage of dangerous goods by rail;
27) loading and unloading activities in relation to dangerous goods in railway transport;
28) loading and unloading activities in relation to dangerous goods in the domestic water transport, in seaports;
29) activities for the implementation of towing by sea (except for the case if the specified activity is carried out to meet the own needs of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur);
30) activities for the neutralization and disposal of waste I - IV hazard classes;
31) activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling in betting shops and sweepstakes;
32) private security activities;
33) private detective (detective) activity;
34) procurement, storage, processing and sale of ferrous scrap, non-ferrous metals;
35) provision of employment services for citizens of the Russian Federation outside the territory of the Russian Federation;
36) provision of communication services;
37) television broadcasting and radio broadcasting;
38) activities for the production of copies of audiovisual works, programs for electronic computers, databases and phonograms on any type of media (except for cases when the specified activity is independently carried out by persons who have the rights to use these objects of copyright and related rights by virtue of federal law or contracts);
39) activities in the field of use of sources of ionizing radiation (generating) (except for the case if these sources are used in medical activities);
40) educational activities (with the exception of the specified activities carried out by private educational organizations located on the territory innovation center"Skolkovo");
41) space activities;
42) federal geodetic and cartographic works, the results of which are of national, intersectoral significance (with the exception of these types of activities carried out in the course of engineering surveys carried out to prepare project documentation, construction, reconstruction, overhaul of facilities capital construction);
43) production of surveying works;
44) work on active influence on hydrometeorological and geophysical processes and phenomena;
45) activities in the field of hydrometeorology and related fields (with the exception of the specified activities carried out in the course of engineering surveys performed for the preparation of project documentation, construction, reconstruction of capital construction facilities);
46) medical activity(with the exception of the specified activities carried out medical organizations and other organizations that are part of the private healthcare system on the territory of the Skolkovo Innovation Center);
47) pharmaceutical activity;
48) activities to preserve cultural heritage sites (monuments of history and culture) of the peoples of the Russian Federation;
49) activities for the examination industrial safety;
50) activities related to the circulation of explosive materials for industrial use;
51) business management activities apartment buildings.
Law No. 99-FZ applies to all cases of licensing certain types of activities, with the exception of the following:
1) use of atomic energy;
2) production and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products;
3) activities related to the protection of state secrets;
4) activities of credit organizations;
5) activities to conduct organized bidding;
6) types professional activity on the market valuable papers;
7) activities of joint-stock investment funds, activities for the management of joint-stock investment funds, mutual investment funds, non-state pension funds;
8) activity specialized depositories investment funds, mutual investment funds and non-state pension funds;
9) activities of non-state pension funds for pension provision and pension insurance;
10) clearing activities;
11) insurance activity.
Licensing of these types of activities is regulated by separate federal laws (part 3 of article 1 of Law No. 99-FZ).
Some features of licensing may be established by other federal laws in relation to:
1) provision of communication services, television broadcasting and (or) radio broadcasting;
2) private detective (detective) activities and private security activities;
3) educational activities (with the exception of the specified activities carried out by private educational organizations located on the territory of the Skolkovo Innovation Center);
4) entrepreneurial activity for the management of apartment buildings, (part 4 of article 1 of Law No. 99-FZ).
Licensing of activities not specified in Law No. 99-FZ is terminated from the moment it comes into force (Part 1, Article 22 of Law No. 99-FZ).
Construction and design companies, as well as firms engaged in engineering and survey activities, should without fail go through the admission process self-regulatory organization and obtain a Certificate of Completion to Work.
Types of work requiring entry into the SRO are regulated by various legal documents, including the order of the Ministry regional development No. 624 of December 30, 2009. This document contains the most complete list of works for the implementation of which a Certificate of Admission is legally required. Last changes Order No. 624 entered into force on November 14, 2011 on the basis of Order No. 536 of the Ministry of Regional Development.
The rules for certification of products are regulated by the Decree of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated September 21, 1994 No. 15 “On Approval of the Procedure for Conducting Product Certification in the Russian Federation”.
A single list of products to be mandatory certification approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2009 No. 982 “On approval of a single list of products subject to mandatory certification and a single list of products whose conformity is confirmed in the form of a declaration of conformity”.
The rules for certification of services (works) are regulated by the Decree of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated 08/05/1997 No. 17 "On the adoption and implementation of the Certification Rules".
According to Part 1.1 of Chapter I of the Certification Rules, the objects of mandatory certification of works and services are established in accordance with the legislative acts of the Russian Federation.
The objects of voluntary certification are works and services that are not subject to mandatory certification, as well as works and services that are subject to mandatory certification, according to requirements that are not confirmed during mandatory certification.
If you do not know or doubt whether your field of activity is subject to compulsory licensing or certification, you can apply with a corresponding request to the nearest license center. And the specialists of the center will give you a detailed and competent answer to your request.
In Russia, certain types of business activities require a permit or license to be obtained. In total, the list of licensed activities includes more than five dozen items. The federal legislation approved a complete list (Federal Law of 04.05.2011 N 99-FZ). It includes many services that are often chosen as the main start-up entrepreneurs, representatives of small and medium-sized businesses.
What activities require a license
It is quite common in our country to obtain a license for:
- provision of transportation services for more than eight people by road (not counting the own needs of a legal entity / individual entrepreneur);
- production and sale of author's printing products;
- security and detective work services;
- services for employment of Russians abroad;
- provision of communication services;
- implementation of radio and television broadcasting;
- manipulations related to scrap (non-ferrous and ferrous metals);
- elimination of fires in places where people live, at enterprises and other facilities;
- work with fire safety devices of premises;
- the manufacture of medicines;
- educational services;
- copying of author's works (audio, video), computer programs, information bases, phonograms (the own activity of persons who have related or copyright rights is not considered);
- geodesy/cartography services (federal assignments);
- public health services;
- pharmaceutical activity;
- management of residential multi-apartment facilities;
- surveying work.
In addition, the list includes many types of entrepreneurship that are less common, but also require a license. Among them are work related to the use of ion radiation sources; with an impact on the processes and phenomena of the hydrometeorological and geophysical spheres. A license is also required to carry out work aimed at preserving the cultural heritage of the country, to carry out an examination on the subject of industrial safety. As well as for work related to circulation explosives industrial purposes, any activity (development, manufacture, sale, testing, storage, repair) with weapons, military equipment and special means(technical) for secretly obtaining data.
In addition, a license is required for:
- Development, manufacture of systems for the technical protection of information of a confidential nature, provision of services for the implementation of protection.
- Manipulations with ammunition and pyrotechnics (fourth and fifth grades).
- Work with chemical weapons (storage, disposal).
- Operation of hazardous facilities (explosive fire and chemical) production, from the first to the third hazard class.
- Turnover of narcotic, psychotropic drugs, cultivation of plants containing narcotic elements.
- Manufacturing/maintenance of equipment used in healthcare.
- Transport services in the water and sea space (transportation of passengers, dangerous goods by specialized transport).
- Carrying out work on the transportation of people and goods by air.
- Provision of services for the transportation of passengers and goods by rail.
- Carrying out work on loading and unloading dangerous goods in seaports and railway.
- Towing by sea.
- Manipulations with waste from the first to the fourth hazard classes.
- Carrying out and organizing gambling.
There is also another list. Only these requirements are prescribed not in the law on licensing, but in other regulatory legal acts:
- in the nuclear power industry;
- production and sale of strong alcohol;
- lending;
- protection of state secrets;
- bidding;
- work on the securities market;
- clearing activity;
- provision of insurance services;
- space industry.
The list shows that in most cases licensing is required for activities associated with large amounts of financial resources. Small and medium-sized businesses rarely choose any of the industries listed in the last list for their work. An exception is, perhaps, the sale of strong alcohol.
Which OKVED correspond to the licensed types of activities
There are differences between the types of activities requiring a license and the codes of the OKVED classifier, which must be indicated when / legal entity. In some cases, the types of activities are 100% identical to the codes of the OKVED classifier. For example, activities for the manufacture of medicines have the OKVED code 21.20, and passenger transportation services by rail 49.10.
In contrast, activities related to the pharmaceutical industry, which also require a license, correspond to a number of classifier codes. For example, code 46.46 is registered for the wholesale sale of drugs, 47.73 for the retail sale of drugs in pharmacies, 21.20 for the manufacture of drugs. That is why, when registering an individual entrepreneur or a legal entity, difficulties arise with the selection of the OKVED classifier code for the licensed line of business. In case of difficulties, you can contact a specialized organization that provides consulting services. Experts will help you choose the right OKVED codes for registration, so that subsequently an individual entrepreneur or legal entity can provide the full range of services.
Where to get a license
If the type of activity requires a license, then it is unacceptable to start work before obtaining a special permit. This is a violation of federal law, which is punishable by fines, seizure of property, materials, equipment and other types of punishment, up to criminal. Only individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are entitled to conduct licensed activities. persons with special paper-permission.
The issuance of the document necessary for work is carried out by state structures (depending on the profile of the licensed activity. For example, the provision of services in the education industry is regulated by Rosobrnadzor, transportation of people by Rostransnadzor. You can get permission for security activities at the Ministry of Internal Affairs. obtaining a license from Roszdravnadzor and Rosselkhoznadzor. retail sale alcohol is issued in Rosalkogolregulirovanie. In the regions, you should contact the territorial divisions of the authorized bodies.
According to the Federal Law of May 4, 2011 No. 99-FZ "On Licensing Certain Types of Activities", licensing is carried out in order to respect the rights, life or health of citizens, the country's defense capability and security, as well as the requirements for the protection environment and architectural monuments. Getting a license is prerequisite conduct business if your company's activities may affect or even violate any of the above points.
How to get a document, what is it and what requirements should a potential licensor meet? Look for answers in our article.
What is licensing: the letter of the law
A license is a special permit document that allows you to carry out certain activities. Accordingly, licensing is the process of issuing, renewing and revoking such permission. The procedure for licensing is regulated by the above law (hereinafter - No. 99-FZ).
The presence of a license guarantees the consumer safety, the receipt of services or works of the declared quality, their compliance with all standards established by law or other legal acts.
The license applicant can be both a legal entity and individual entrepreneur. Numerous government agencies issue licenses. Which one should you contact? It depends on the type of activity. For example, a license to provide many types of trucking services is issued Federal Service on supervision in the field of transport, audit companies obtain licenses from the Ministry of Finance of Russia, licenses for the production of medical equipment and the provision of medical services are issued by Roszdravnadzor, and for a license to provide security services, you need to apply to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. In total, in our country there are almost 30 state bodies involved in licensing activities.
The responsibility of such bodies is not only the issuance of licenses, but also their annulment, suspension, maintenance of registers of organizations that have received a license, as well as monitoring compliance with the relevant conditions.
There are also private commercial organizations, providing consulting assistance in licensing - they help to collect a package of documents and overcome all bureaucratic obstacles.
It is important to remember that licensing activities is not an act of goodwill on the part of the entrepreneur, but a requirement of the law, for the violation of which sanctions are provided.
What types of activities are subject to licensing
Today, the law identifies about 50 areas of activity for which a license is required. In particular, the following are subject to licensing:
- lending;
- any activity, one way or another related to the protection of state secrets;
- production and circulation of ethyl alcohol and products containing alcohol;
- communication services;
- pharmaceutical activity;
- services of private security agencies;
- production, installation and maintenance of medical equipment;
- exchange activity;
- services in the field of customs;
- Notary Services;
- insurance services;
- foreign economic operations;
- international passenger and cargo transportation;
- sale of weapons and ammunition;
- use of the results of intellectual activity;
- television and radio broadcasting;
- use of natural resources;
- educational activities and more.
This is just the main part of the extensive list of activities for which a license is required.
Important!
The list of most types of work and provision of services that require licenses is contained in Article 12 of Federal Law No. 99-FZ. This licensing is subject to industry laws. For example, credit institutions obtain licenses in accordance with the norms of the Federal Law of December 2, 1990 No. 395-1 “On Banks and Banking Activity”.
Wanting is not getting a license: requirements for organizations
The licensing procedure is quite complicated and requires the applicant to meet certain requirements. Need to have relevant activities technical base(and necessary equipment must be owned and have proper documentation), premises, a staff of qualified specialists, a production control system, an authorized capital of a certain size, no debts, and much more.
On a note
According to article 333.33 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, for most types of activities, the state duty for obtaining a license is 7,500 rubles. But there are exceptions to this rule. For example, to obtain a banking license, you will have to pay 0.1% of the authorized capital, but not more than 500,000 rubles. A license for the production of alcohol-containing products costs from 800,000 rubles, and for the retail sale of alcohol - 65,000 rubles per year.
There is no short and simple answer to the question of how to obtain a license, at least because the rules and conditions for licensing depend on the type of activity for which a license is obtained.
However, regardless of the type of activity, obtaining a license requires:
- application for a license, drawn up in the form;
- copies of documents evidencing the compliance of the license applicant with the licensing requirements (their list is determined by the regulation on licensing a particular type of activity);
- package constituent documents companies;
- receipt of payment of state duty for granting a license.
Procedure for obtaining a license
The licensing procedure involves the passage of several stages.
First you need to pay the state fee, as the receipt for its payment is included in the package required documents. Then you need to collect all the papers that will be needed to obtain a license, and here you should be extremely careful, since the absence of even one document will become an obstacle in obtaining a license.
- name, organizational and legal form of the company, legal and actual address, email address and telephone, state registration number legal entity and the name of the registration authority with an indication of its address;
- TIN and data of the document on registration with the tax service;
- licensed type of activity;
- details of the receipt for payment of the state duty;
- data of documents confirming the compliance of the licensor with the requirements for the licensed type of activity.
The application, together with a supporting package of documents, is submitted to the relevant licensing authority. According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 16, 2012 No. 722 “On approval of the Rules for the provision of documents on licensing issues in the form electronic documents”, submission of electronic documents is allowed.
By law, within three working days you will be informed whether the documents have been accepted for consideration. A positive answer does not mean that the license is already practically in your pocket - it only says that the documents have been provided in full. It also happens that the licensing authority refuses to accept papers, as a rule, this is due to the fact that some document is missing. Then officials issue a notice about the need to eliminate the defect. 30 days are allotted for this.
If the documents are accepted for consideration, you will have to be patient. The licensing procedure takes 45 days from the date of application. During this time, the licensing authority will check all the papers and the accuracy of the information indicated in them, as well as the applicant's compliance with the requirements. After that, an order for issuing a license is issued. Within three days after signing the order, it is handed over to the representative of the company or sent to him by post.
A license to operate is not only rights, but also obligations. Remember that the government agency that issued your license will check you periodically. Inspections can be either scheduled or unscheduled.
Graph and frequency scheduled inspections depending on the type of activity, they are usually held every one to three years. If the controller discovers violations during this review, you will have 30 days to correct them. Otherwise, the license will be suspended, and data on this fact will be entered in a special register. In case of ignoring the requirements by the businessman, after the expiration of the designated period, the license is canceled.
Unscheduled inspections are carried out when violations are detected during previous inspections, when reports of such violations are received by the body, and so on.
Sometimes circumstances are such that the license has to be reissued. The reissuance procedure is in many ways similar to the process of obtaining a license, however, the state duty in this case is less, and its size depends on the reason for reissuance. If the reissuance of an activity license is required during the reorganization of a legal entity, change legal address and the name of the company or a change in the actual or legal address of the activity, the cost of the procedure will be 3,500 rubles. In other cases, the reissuance fee is usually 750 rubles.
Although the process of obtaining a license may seem troublesome, obtaining this paper is necessary. Working without a license is considered administrative offense and is punishable by fines, confiscation of products, production equipment, raw materials, and in some cases - suspension of activities.
Preparation for obtaining a license is not an easy and painstaking task, requiring special attention. However, this is a perfectly feasible procedure. If you are still not sure that you did everything right, it is better to start the procedure with a consultation in a reliable law firm, which provides support at all stages of obtaining a license to operate.
Help with licensing
About who and how can help with obtaining, reissuing or renewing a license, says the chairman of the Moscow Bar Association, candidate of legal sciences Victoria Anatolyevna Shakina:
“Licensing is especially relevant for new companies or organizations that are expanding the scope of their activities. BUT legal support business, including assistance in obtaining or reissuing a license, is one of the main and most demanded areas of work of the Moscow Bar Association "YurCity". And this is not surprising: obtaining a license is a laborious process and requires knowledge of the specifics. In the absence of experience and skills in working with legal documents, the chances of an applicant being denied a license are too high. As a result, this can lead to serious losses due to the impossibility of the full functioning of the company in the chosen industry.
You can minimize the risk of rejection by contacting experienced lawyers. Our specialists will help determine the client's readiness to obtain a license, assess the risks and develop measures to neutralize them, competently prepare the application documentation, monitor its passage through all stages of each bureaucratic procedure and approval. Our success will be the success of your business!”
Editorial opinion
Remember that each type of activity requires a separate license. For example, if your company is engaged in the manufacture of medicines and the production of medical equipment, you will need two licenses - one for each line of business.
Legislation regulating the sphere in Russia educational services, has changed significantly in recent years. On the one hand, now training can be carried out not only state institutions, but also commercial organizations, on the other hand, mandatory licensing of any such activity was introduced. That is why the question of whether an educational license is needed in this or that case has acquired particular relevance.
If you need a turnkey educational license without unnecessary bureaucracy, then order its registration from professionals.
Legislative acts defining the need for an educational license
Before considering the types of services when a license is needed for educational activities, it is necessary to list the main legislative acts regulating the field of education at the present time. These include:
- Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" No. 273-FZ, issued on December 29, 2012
- Law "On Licensing ..." No. 99-FZ, signed on 04.05.2011
- Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 966, dated October 28, 2013
The first two of these Federal Laws contain the main provisions governing the provision of educational services. Especially many innovations are contained in the recently adopted Law on Education. It contains an affirmative answer to the topical and topical question of whether an educational license is needed.
Decree No. 966, developed and signed a little later, contains a specific list of services when an educational license is needed, as well as a description of cases when it is not required.
Types of educational services that require a license
The above legislative acts provide for the obligatory obtaining of a license for educational activities, if an organization or an individual entrepreneur provides services for preschool, general, professional, additional professional education or vocational training. For a more accurate idea of the specific types of educational activities that are subject to licensing, each of them should be considered separately.
Preschool and secondary general education
The type of educational activity that absolutely every person faces. After amendments to federal legislation, such services can be provided by both non-profit and commercial organizations. However, they are required to obtain a license.
Professional education
One of the most common types of educational services. It includes four levels:
- secondary vocational;
- higher education with a bachelor's degree;
- higher education with a master's or specialist's degree;
- higher with the training of specialists of the highest category (postgraduate study, internship, residency).
Only educational organizations have the right to engage in vocational education.
Additional professional education
This type of educational service can only be provided by non-profit organizations. There are two main types educational programs, the purpose of which is:
- training;
- professional retraining.
Professional education
Educational services for vocational training can also be provided by any organization, both commercial and non-commercial. There are three types of programs:
- training of workers by profession, employees by position;
- retraining of workers and employees;
- advanced training of workers and employees.
The types of services listed above contain an almost complete list of situations when a license for educational activities is needed.
Cases where a license for educational activities is not required
Currently, the current legislation provides for only one case when a license for educational activities is not required. It is a situation in which the service is provided personally by an officially registered individual entrepreneur. At the same time, he cannot hire other specialists, working only independently. Examples of such activities are the services of a tutor, a private teacher with the necessary work experience and education. Also, without a license, personal conduct of circles, sections or studios is allowed, carried out by an individual entrepreneur without the involvement of additional specialists.
Prior to the entry into force of Decree No. 966, obtaining a license was not required in cases where, as a result of study, attestation was not carried out, and a final document on the education received was not issued. Examples of such situations are trainings, seminars or lectures. Recent changes have led to the fact that this activity can be carried out without a license, but this is due to the fact that it is not educational. According to the new classification, such services are classified as cultural or leisure.
A license is a permit that allows a businessman to carry out a certain type of activity. In order to engage in such areas of business, it is necessary to fulfill special licensing requirements: for premises, equipment, capital, transport, and qualifications of specialists. In this article, you will learn what types of activities are subject to licensing in Russia in 2020.
Laws licensing activities in Russia
The types of activities for which a license must be obtained are established federal laws. In addition to licensed activities, statutory No. 99-FZ of 05/04/2011 "On licensing certain types of activities", there are other areas of business that are also subject to licensing. These types of activities in the Russian Federation are regulated by separate laws:
- use of atomic energy - Law No. 170-FZ of November 21, 1995;
- production and circulation of alcohol - Law No. 171-FZ of November 22, 1995;
- activities of credit institutions - Law No. 395-1 of 02.12.1990;
- protection of state secrets - Law No. 5485-1 dated 21.07.1993;
- holding auctions - Law No. 325-FZ of November 21, 2011;
- professional activity in the securities market - Law No. 39-FZ of April 22, 1996;
- activities of NPFs - Law No. 75-FZ of 05/07/1998;
- clearing activities - Law No. 7-FZ of February 7, 2011;
- insurance activities - Law No. 4015-1 dated November 27, 1992;
- space activities - Law No. 5663-1 of 20.08.1993.
As you can see, these are mainly areas that require serious financial investments, therefore, small businesses rarely choose such areas of activity, with the exception of the sale of alcohol. But the list of licensed activities specified in Law No. 99-FZ of 05/04/2011 includes many areas popular with beginner businessmen, so we suggest that you familiarize yourself with it in more detail.
Licensed activities in 2020
Types of activities in Russia for which it is necessary to obtain a license in accordance with Art. 12 of Law No. 99-FZ, we have collected in this list:
- development, production, distribution of encryption tools, information systems and telecommunication systems, performance of work, provision of services, maintenance in this area, except for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- development, production, sale and acquisition for the purpose of sale of special technical means intended for secretly obtaining information;
- activities to identify electronic devices designed to secretly obtain information, except for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- development and production of protective equipment, activities for the technical protection of confidential information;
- production and sale of printed products protected from counterfeiting;
- development, production, testing and repair of aircraft;
- development, production, testing, installation, installation, maintenance, repair, disposal and sale of weapons and military equipment;
- development, production, trade, testing, storage, repair and weapons;
- development, production, testing, storage, sale and disposal of ammunition, pyrotechnic products of IV and V classes;
- storage and destruction of chemical weapons;
- operation of explosive and fire hazardous and chemically hazardous production facilities of I, II and III hazard classes;
- activities to extinguish fires in settlements, at production facilities and infrastructure facilities;
- installation, maintenance and repair of fire safety equipment for buildings and structures;
- production of medicines;
- production and maintenance of medical equipment, except if it is necessary for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- circulation of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, cultivation of narcotic plants;
- activities in the field of the use of pathogens of human and animal infectious diseases and GMOs of III and IV degrees of potential danger;
- activities for transportation by inland water transport, sea transport of passengers;
- activities for transportation by inland water transport, sea transport of dangerous goods;
- activities for the transportation of passengers by air, except for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- activities for the carriage of goods by air, except for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- activities for the transportation of passengers by road, more than eight people, except for the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- activities for the carriage of passengers by rail;
- activities related to the transportation of dangerous goods by rail;
- loading and unloading activities of dangerous goods on railway, inland water transport in seaports;
- activities for the implementation of towing by sea, with the exception of the own needs of the organization or individual entrepreneur;
- activities for the collection, transportation, processing, disposal, neutralization, disposal of waste of I - IV hazard classes;
- activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling in bookmakers and sweepstakes;
- private security and detective activities;
- procurement, storage, processing and sale of scrap of ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals;
- provision of employment services Russian citizens outside the Russian Federation;
- provision of communication services;
- television broadcasting and radio broadcasting;
- activities for the production of copies of audiovisual works, programs for electronic computers, databases and phonograms on any type of media, with the exception of independent activities of persons with copyright and related rights;
- activities in the field of the use of sources of ionizing radiation, except for the case when these sources are used in medical activities;
- educational activities;
- geodetic and cartographic works of federal appointment;
- production of surveying works;
- work on active influence on hydrometeorological and geophysical processes and phenomena;
- activities in the field of hydrometeorology and related fields;
- medical activity;
- pharmaceutical activity;
- activities for the preservation of objects of cultural heritage of the peoples of the Russian Federation;
- activities for the examination of industrial safety;
- activities related to the handling of explosive materials for industrial use;
- entrepreneurial activity in the management of apartment buildings;
- performance of works on quarantine phytosanitary disinfection;
- activities for the production of biomedical cell products;
- activities for the maintenance and use of animals in zoos, zoos, circuses, zoos, dolphinariums, oceanariums.
Licensed activities according to OKVED codes
Not always licensed activities in 2020 exactly correspond to the OKVED codes, which must be indicated in the application for registration of individual entrepreneurs and LLCs. Some types of activities according to the OKVED classifier are almost completely repeated in the text of laws.
But if we take for example such a licensed area as pharmaceutical activity, then it will correspond to several OKVED codes at once. In law No. 61-FZ of 12.04. 2010, the following concept is given: “pharmaceutical activity is an activity that includes wholesale trade medicines, their storage, transportation and/or retail medicines, their dispensing, storage, transportation, manufacture medicines».
OKVED codes allowed for pharmaceutical activities will be as follows:
- 46.46 - wholesale trade in pharmaceutical products;
- 47.73 - retail sale of medicines in specialized stores;
- 21.20 - production of medicines and materials used for medical purposes.
It is not always easy to select a list according to OKVED for a licensed line of business, so we advise you to get free consultation professional registrars.
How to get a license
Working without a license, if by law this activity must be licensed, is punishable by fines, confiscation of property, equipment and materials, and other sanctions. Only licensed organizations or individual entrepreneurs are entitled to engage in such activities. Licenses are issued by various government bodies, for example, a Passenger Transportation- Rostransnadzor. We considered the procedure for applying for a license by a licensee in the article "".
Please note that there are some activities for which licenses are issued only legal entities. The possibility of refusal to issue a license due to organizational and legal status must be foreseen in advance. For example, an individual entrepreneur cannot sell alcohol other than beer, or engage in insurance or lending activities. If you want to engage in such a business, then you only need to register an LLC.