Organization of the opening of a cafe from scratch. How to open a restaurant from scratch: stages, cost, profitability. How much does it cost to open a cafe from scratch

It is unlikely that a business in the field of catering can be attributed to simple ways to generate income. To achieve success here, an impressive start-up capital and an ardent desire to become a restaurateur are not enough: in addition, at least an understanding of the characteristics of the enterprise, the ability to work with people, iron nerves and full personal dedication is required.

Entrepreneurs considering how to open their cafe from scratch usually take into account only the prestige and profitability of such a business, forgetting about the "pitfalls" in the form of numerous bureaucratic procedures, the difficulty of finding decent and responsible staff, and a high level of competition. Therefore, the decision to open your own institution should be preceded by a comprehensive study of the issue, careful planning and a certain moral preparation.

Business features

The distinctive features of any cafe are its concept, target audience and pricing policy. The business idea should include the development of a unique selling proposition that distinguishes the institution from the competition: as such, you can use exclusive dishes, live music, a special interior design or a non-standard way of service.

In the absence of experience in the field of catering, an entrepreneur will inevitably have a question - where to start opening a cafe. This cannot be done without seeking answers to the following questions:

How successful is the business with competitors?
Where will the establishment be opened? In a shopping center, on a city street, in a residential area or in a closed area of an enterprise?
How many potential customers will have access to the cafe located here?
of the year? Are there free destinations on the market? Is it possible to create your own unique format of the institution?
What are the sanitary requirements for the selected type of cafe?

The smallest details should be thought through. Of course, not all mistakes of a novice restaurateur are critical, but an overly optimistic view of problems such as regular checks, theft of staff, complaints from surrounding residents about noise, or the wrong choice of a market niche can cause a rather painful failure.

Choice of venue format

It is hardly possible to name any other type of business that provides the same opportunities for creative manifestations: the number of different formats of catering establishments is so large that they can only be classified approximately. Therefore, as a first approximation, cafes are divided by:

By assortment - specialized (barbecue, pizzerias, pancake, grill bars) and non-specialized (including those with national cuisine);
By target audience (children's, sports, student, art cafes);
By the form of service (with waiters or with a distribution line);
By territorial location (in shopping centers, on the streets, in recreation areas);
By seasonality (summer and working all year round).

The most common cafe formats are:

Fast food. It is popular due to its availability and moderate pricing policy. Among other things, the assortment of the institution should include burgers, hot dogs, chicken rolls, french fries, chicken wings, coffee, beer and carbonated drinks. How to open a fast food cafe from scratch: most often, entrepreneurs buy one of the franchises, the number of which is now measured in dozens;
Cafe bar. The most common format that can accommodate 25-50 people. The institution is characterized by the presence of a full-fledged kitchen, which allows the visitor to order cold and hot dishes for alcoholic, hot or soft drinks;
Family cafe. In institutions of this type, it is supposed to organize joint leisure activities for adults and children, there is a play area and a hall for parents. How to open a family cafe from scratch: the project should include a place for a children's room, and the staff of the enterprise should provide for the position of an animator;
Children's Cafe. The target audience of such an institution is exclusively children, therefore, the assortment includes reduced portions of light snacks, milkshakes, juices, chocolate, and confectionery. How to open a children's cafe from scratch: the emphasis should be on colorful interior design, order children's furniture, develop original food design and provide a place for a play area;
Roadside cafe. Institutions of this type are recommended to open only on their own plot of land, located near a busy highway. The menu focuses on fast food, as diners tend to be in a hurry. How to open a roadside cafe from scratch: you can build a prefabricated structure, but you will have to take care of water supply, heating and electrical connections;
Internet cafe. Of course, almost everyone has access to the network from mobile devices, so when developing a cafe concept, the emphasis should not be on computers, but on a bar offering coffee and snacks. : the list of required equipment should include modern PCs, routers, and also provide for connection to a high-speed leased line.

Business Advantages and Disadvantages

Today, many busy people can no longer afford to spend time on cooking, preferring to use the services of catering establishments. Against the backdrop of growing demand, many entrepreneurs are interested in how to open their own cafe, where to start such a business: the process should include studying all the advantages and disadvantages of such an activity.

Positive factors include:

High profitability and acceptable payback period of the business;
The ability to identify your target audience;
Growing demand for catering establishments;
The list of what you need to open a cafe from scratch does not include special knowledge and training requirements.

There are several more disadvantages to this type of business, and the main one among them is the impossibility of accurately forecasting demand. Calculations of attendance and the amount of the average check are reliable only in a statistical sample: in fact, the income of two neighboring cafes can differ significantly. Other negative factors include:

High level of competition;
Difficulty in finding suitable premises;
The amount of capital required to open a small cafe from scratch - the cost of premises and equipment can reach several million rubles;
The difficulty of working with perishable food;
The dependence of business on the human factor (the quality of work of cooks, the honesty of waiters and bartenders, the adequacy of visitors).

Activity registration

The legalization of the activities of a future catering establishment is a prerequisite in the question of how to open a cafe from scratch: step-by-step instructions include registering an enterprise, issuing permits for premises and agreeing on an assortment with Rospotrebnadzor.

When choosing a legal form, it should be taken into account that the status of an individual entrepreneur does not allow organizing the trade in alcoholic products. Therefore, cafe owners open two enterprises: an individual entrepreneur for the sale of food products and an LLC for the sale of strong alcoholic beverages. Calculating how much it will cost to open a cafe, we can assume that the fee for registering an LLC is 4,000 rubles, while an individual entrepreneur will cost only 800 rubles.

UTII or USN is used as a taxation system. The first option is used with a large cash flow for cafes whose hall area does not exceed 150 m². The main drawback of the second is the limitation of annual profit at the level of 60 million rubles.

Before that, you will have to obtain permission from Rospotrebnadzor to place a new catering establishment, which indicates the type of facility and the duration of its operation.

Among other things, employees of the supervisory authority are interested in:

Availability of contracts for garbage collection, processing of overalls, disinsection, deratization of premises and water supply;
Availability of contracts for the supply of raw materials, veterinary certificates for meat and fish, health books for staff;
Arrangement of the corner of the consumer;
Availability of the required set of equipment, compliance with the rules for the separate storage of meat and other products.

The second thing you need to open a cafe is permission from the SES. You should take care of obtaining it in advance, designing the layout, equipment of the premises and the direction of production flows in accordance with SanPiN 2.3.6.1079-01.

The third permit is issued by the State Fire Supervision Service on the basis of the compliance of the institution's engineering networks with the requirements of SNiP and fire safety rules, the presence of fire alarms, fire extinguishers and emergency exits.

So, what documents are needed to open a cafe? The list includes:

Certificates of registration of the enterprise and registration with the tax service;
A letter from Rosstat indicating the OKVED codes and their decoding;
Documents confirming the rights to the trading facility;
Trade patent issued by the local government;
Permission of the State Fire Supervision;
SES permission;
Agreement with a security company;
contracts with utilities;
A certificate from the BTI, including a plan of the facility.

To open a mini cafe from scratch in accordance with the law, the trading floor should also include:

Fire evacuation plan;
Book of Complaints;
Information on the registration of the enterprise and permission to sell alcohol;
Name and weight of products (indicated in the menu and on price tags);
The text of the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights".

Cafe business plan

“I want to open a cafe - where to start?” The answer to this question is the same for any type of entrepreneurial activity: you should start with the development of a business plan. The project takes into account not only the main costs and possible income, but also other factors that determine the success of the future enterprise. The most important of these is the size of the target audience, which is estimated by approximately counting the number of people of the required social status living or working within a radius of 1-2 km from the location of the cafe. The plan also includes the following sections:

Assortment and pricing policy of the enterprise;
Work schedule, personnel plan;
List of services provided;
Analysis of the market situation;
Analysis of competitors' activity, their advantages and disadvantages;
Investment plan and overall project schedule;
Calculation of the main economic indicators.

When calculating how much money you need to open a cafe, it is important to take into account all possible costs. In some cases, the cost of fines, dry cleaning, the monthly purchase of napkins, or covering cash shortages can be an unpleasant surprise for the entrepreneur. Finally, before you open a cafe, the premises will definitely have to be renovated: this process has a characteristic tendency to go beyond the budget.

Requirements for location and interior

In the question of how to open a small cafe from scratch, the problem of finding a suitable place requires the most responsible approach. If we are not talking about a trendy or specialized institution, for the sake of which customers will be ready to travel through the whole city, then it is more expedient to consider the possibility of renting a room in a large shopping center or in a building of the first line. When calculating how much money you need to open a cafe, you should take into account that the tariffs here are quite high, but the prospect of ending up with a high-traffic establishment fully justifies the costs - provided that the object meets the following criteria:

The object is located near the places of accumulation of potential customers - in a residential area, business center or in a recreation area;
The format and price category of the institution are optimal for attracting the appropriate target audience;
It is not recommended to open a cafe on the site of predecessors who closed the establishment for unknown reasons;
The selected building is not subject to reconstruction or demolition in the near future;
The surrounding area includes convenient parking and access roads for suppliers' vehicles.

room

In order to open a cafe bar from scratch, you need to order the development of a project by experienced architects. When determining the size and layout of the hall in accordance with sanitary standards, each seat requires at least 2 m² of area. Thus, taking into account the aisles between the tables in a room of 100 m², 35–40 visitors can be accommodated; another 10 m² will have to be allocated for the installation of a bar counter.

Other requirements for the facility are the availability of ventilation, water supply, sewerage and connection to electrical networks with a capacity of 45–50 kW. The process of cooking on stoves and in ovens is accompanied by an increased consumption of electricity and the operation of a powerful hood; it is possible that in the question of whether it will be necessary to provide for the costs of laying a separate power line.

Interior

The demand for a cafe is to a certain extent determined by its style: it is unlikely that the banal painted walls and whitewashed ceilings will attract visitors. Therefore, asking yourself the question: “I want to open a cafe - what is needed for this?” - It should be understood that one cannot do it on one's own when developing interior design.

The design process should be preceded by the definition of the concept of the institution: the task of the designer is to create a style that is understandable and close to the target audience. In addition, it is desirable to determine in advance the budget of the project and the price category of finishing materials: the preferred architectural solutions depend on this.

Accommodation costs

Thus, the main items of expenditure preceding the opening of the institution are associated with the premises. Considering how much it costs to open a cafe in Moscow, it should be understood that the rates for the work of designers and builders here are two to three times higher than in other regional centers, however, the average bill in establishments of this type is 1400–1700 rubles.

Equipment

When calculating how much it costs to open a small cafe, it is recommended to provide for the purchase of only professional equipment: as practice shows, not a single household appliance will last more than a month in this mode of operation. In a pinch, you can find used stoves, ovens, and freezers, but to avoid unexpected failure, it’s best to replace them with new ones as soon as possible. Knives, cutting boards, work tables and refrigerators for food are bought in double quantities, since sanitary standards provide for separate storage and processing of meat.

No less responsibly should be approached to the choice of furniture for the hall. Some guides on how to open a small cafe from scratch suggest the use of plastic furniture, but most often this does not correspond to either the status or the concept of the establishment. It is advisable to choose strong and aesthetic tables and chairs made of wood and metal. As for the bar counter, here suppliers offer a sufficient number of ready-made options, different in price and design.

Kitchen equipment

Name	Quantity	price, rub.	Amount, rub.
Electric stove with grill	1	30 000	30 000
hob	1	12 000	12 000
fryer	1	8 000	8 000
Oven cabinet	1	28 000	28 000
Ventilation system	1	4 000	4 000
microwave oven	2	2 500	5 000
Mixer	1	2 000	2 000
Kettle	2	1 500	4 500
Refrigerator for drinks	1	8 000	8 000
Coffee maker	1	4 000	4 000
vegetable cutter	1	4 000	4 000
electronic scales	2	4 000	8 000
Washing bath	2	4 000	8 000
Work table	2	8 000	16 000
Refrigerator	2	30 000	60 000
Knife set	3	7 000	21 000
Cookware set	2	10 000	20 000
Total:			242 500

Hall equipment

	Quantity	price, rub.	Amount, rub.
Cash machine	1	18 000	18 000
Tableware set for the hall	40	1 200	48 000
Set of textiles for the hall	40	1 000	40 000
Table	10	5 000	50 000
Chair	40	2 000	80 000
Air conditioner	2	5 900	11 800
bar counter	1	80 000	80 000
Bar chair	4	2 500	10 000
Overalls	17	1 000	17 000
A computer	1	10 500	10 500
Alarm system	2	10 000	20 000
Other costs	1	50 000	50 000
Total:			435 300

Staff

A balanced approach to staff recruitment is what you need to open a cafe from scratch and keep visitors, since it is the attentiveness, professionalism and decency of employees that determine whether a client will become a permanent one. Waiters and bartenders should not only know the composition and prices of the offered dishes and drinks, but also be able to serve the client, calmly resolve the conflict situation.

The chief in the kitchen is the chef. The efforts associated with finding a qualified specialist for this position pay off in full: high quality, interesting design of dishes and the presence of a “brand” feature in the process of preparing or serving them will surely leave an indelible impression on visitors.

Among the things you need to open a cafe, we should mention the development of a personnel plan: employees critical for the functioning of the establishment should be duplicated in case of illness, absenteeism and other unforeseen circumstances. Most often, work is organized in shifts according to the “two working days / two days off” schedule.

Cafe staff

Job title	Quantity	Rate, rub.	Expenses, rub.
Administrator	2	25 000	50 000
Accountant	1	20 000	20 000
Chef	1	40 000	40 000
Cook	4	18 000	72 000
Waiter	4	15 000	60 000
Bartender	2	25 000	50 000
support worker	2	15 000	30 000
Dishwasher	2	15 000	30 000
Cleaning woman	1	15 000	15 000
Total:	19		367 000

Financial investments

To determine how much it costs to open a cafe from scratch, you must first solve the problem of selecting premises. Depending on whether it will be rented, bought or built independently, one can judge the initial investment and the payback period of the project. Most often, entrepreneurs are limited to renting for the following reasons:

In shopping centers, the area cannot be redeemed;
Renting significantly reduces the required amount of start-up capital;
In case of an unsuccessful choice of a place, it is somewhat easier to stop the activity.

In the question of how much it costs to open a cafe, there are initial and ongoing monthly expenses necessary for the normal functioning of the institution:

Starting costs

Current expenses

Profit and profitability

The calculation of cafe profit includes variables such as the amount of the average check and the level of attendance. You can estimate the number of customers empirically by making appropriate measurements near competitors' establishments, and the order price is an accessible statistical indicator that you need to familiarize yourself with before opening a cafe from scratch; the cost of an average check in the regional center of Russia is 600 rubles in the daytime and 1200 rubles in the evening, while in Moscow each visitor leaves an average of 1450-1700 rubles in a cafe.

Considering current expenses of 687 thousand rubles, it is possible to calculate the break-even point: with a daily turnover of 22,900 rubles, the cafe will start to make a profit. This amount will be left in the institution by 25–30 visitors, each of whom will place an order for 700–900 rubles. With attendance of 40-50 people per day, the monthly turnover of the cafe will already be 840-1050 thousand rubles, which means a net profit of 153-363 thousand rubles and a profitability of 22-25%.

The next thing you need to open a cafe bar is to calculate the payback period of the project. At the same time, it should be noted that not a single catering establishment starts working at full capacity from the very first day: the process of developing a client base can take two to three months. Therefore, to the indicated initial costs of 1,406,900 rubles, one should add the costs necessary to ensure the functioning of the cafe during this period - at least 750–775 thousand rubles. Thus, the payback point will be reached no earlier than 7-14 months after the start of work.

conclusions

The process of designing a new catering establishment is essentially creative. When choosing which cafe to open, you can consider dozens of different formats and varieties or develop your own unique concept. Interior design, corporate identity, menu design and dish names also provide a vast field for imagination and creative imagination. The main condition is that the idea must be in demand among the target audience, since it is customer loyalty that determines the viability of such a business idea.
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In fact, cafes, restaurants and other catering establishments are considered to be extremely profitable businesses. But not everyone manages to constantly develop their own business.

Many people are interested in questions about how to open your own cafe from scratch. In fact, everything is important in the restaurant business - even the little things. That is why an interesting idea can turn into a profitable business only with accurate planning and full dedication.

How to open your cafe from scratch?

Many people at least once in their lives thought about opening such an institution. And among businessmen who are interested in questions about how to open their own restaurant and cafe, the problem of possible profit becomes paramount. How to make such an institution bring a stable income? What will be the profitability of the cafe?

In fact, many restaurateurs manage to quickly grow their business from almost nothing. By the way, the profitability of one cup of coffee averages 200-300%. A restaurant (or cafe) receives raw materials, then prepares a product from them that costs much more than the material spent on it. It is this difference that provides income that goes to pay bills, taxes, etc. The profitability of a cafe (or restaurant) with the right approach can be very high.

On the other hand, it is worth considering that the profit of such an institution directly depends on the number of visitors. Accordingly, it is necessary to create conditions in the cafe so that each client wants to come back here again. Yes, there is a lot of competition in this business.

What is the difference between a cafe and a restaurant?

Many people, even those who are not interested in catering, ask questions about the difference between cafes, restaurants and bars. In fact, today the boundaries between such institutions are very blurred.

For example, a bar is a place where customers are offered a wide range of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. In Soviet times, the cafe was a place intended for eating, and alcoholic drinks were not sold here.

Today, the difference between a cafe and a restaurant is in the range and service. The restaurant offers a large selection of dishes, desserts, alcoholic and tobacco products, as well as high quality service. In the cafe, the price list is less varied.

How to open your own cafe: business plan

Before embarking on starting your own business, it is worth considering all the little things. How to open your cafe from scratch:

draw up the necessary documents;
find a room, rent it;
decide on the design style, make repairs, purchase furniture;
purchase the necessary equipment and utensils;
determine the number of employees;
create a menu, cocktail card;
run an advertising campaign;
purchase the first batch of products;
organize a grand opening.

Each of the above points is important in its own way. And below you will be offered some useful recommendations.

What documents are required to open a cafe or restaurant?

Note that the opening of any catering establishment is associated with the execution of a lot of documents. First you need to register with the tax service - this can be an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In addition, you will need a license for a cafe, a permit for trade, as well as the sale of alcohol and tobacco products (in this case, the purchase and registration of a cash register is also required).

In the future, you need to get a document that will confirm the compliance of the premises with all sanitary standards. To draw up such a document, you need a permit to trade in a particular place, the results of a medical examination of all working personnel and a lease agreement. In addition, the establishment must be inspected by the gas and fire service, as well as the labor protection service.

This is what the main package of documents looks like. By the way, it is worth getting ready for regular checks by the sanitary and epidemiological station, fire and tax services.

Determining the category of clients

What are you going to open: a cafe or a restaurant? Before looking for premises for rent, it is important to decide on the category of clients that you are going to serve. Indeed, for young students and middle-class people, a cozy cafe with fast service and affordable prices is suitable. But a luxurious restaurant with a huge selection of exotic dishes, a rich environment and full service will not be affordable for everyone.

Almost everything depends on which category of customers you are going to serve: the choice of the location of the restaurant, the menu, prices, products used, the number of staff, interior decoration, etc.

Where is the best place to rent a room?

So, if you are interested in how to open your own restaurant or cafe, you should understand that the choice of its location depends on what customers your establishment is designed for.

A small cafe with fast service and affordable prices can be opened in a shopping center, a commercial area of the city, as well as near hostels or educational institutions (universities). Here employees and students can drink a cup of coffee in the morning and have a quick lunch.

But expensive restaurants will be appropriate in the tourist center of the city or, for example, on the outskirts, in a quiet area near the park area. Here visitors can relax, have fun, leisurely enjoy excellent food.

If you open a cafe in a residential area, then get ready for the fact that the main flow of visitors will be observed in the evening, after work.

In addition, it is desirable to choose places with low competition. Make sure that there are no cafes or restaurants near your establishment with the same pricing policy.

Proper interior design is important for the image

If you have decided on the choice of the area, it is worth considering the options for interior design. In fact, the design and atmosphere of a cafe are just as important as good service and delicious food.

Again, the setting will depend on what kind of clientele you intend to serve.

There are many options for decorating a restaurant or cafe. Your establishment can be famous for its simplicity and convenience, or, conversely, amaze the imagination with an intricate design.

You can decorate the premises with beautiful photographs or original pieces of contemporary art. In any case, make sure that tables, chairs and other furniture for visitors are as comfortable as possible.

Each of us at least sometimes visits a cafe, and probably noticed that the dishes prepared there have a different taste than those prepared at home. The secret is not only in special recipes, but also in modern special equipment, without which such an institution is unthinkable.

The need to quickly prepare high-quality food in large quantities while maintaining taste for a certain time leads to the use of professional equipment for cafes - stoves, ovens, refrigerators, combi steamers and much more.

What to Consider

Any expensive equipment must be cost-effective, therefore, it is purchased strictly according to calculations that take into account:

the number of seats in the cafe (the parameter determines the maximum load of kitchen equipment and the volume of cabinets);
the area of the kitchen room affects its configuration;
productivity is an important characteristic that determines the balance between the quality of dishes and the speed of their preparation;
menu composition - this criterion indicates the availability of special equipment, for example, for national cuisine.

The orientation of the institution also plays a certain role - its own style, which it must correspond to.

Classic cafe. In the foreground - the quality and visual components of the dishes, the speed of service is also relevant. Menu selection determines the equipment list.
offers fast food - breakfasts, lunches. Here the main task is to feed the visitor quickly and satisfyingly without any frills. Used equipment for cooking fast food.
Coffee house. The main offer is a large selection of coffee, which requires an apparatus capable of preparing several types of high-quality drinks, and several coffee machines can also be used.

Three types of cafes are taken as an example, it is clear that there are many more. In addition to the main one, you may also need equipment for one product, for example, meat. The market of modern industrial equipment offers a wide range of devices for the kitchen and cafes in general, differing in functionality, manufacturer's brands, prices.

Heat Treatment Equipment

In catering establishments, heat treatment equipment is the main one. The working day of a cook corresponds in duration to the schedule of the cafe (if not more) - the same amount of time is involved in the work and kitchen appliances. Cooking separately all the ingredients for each dish in a cafe is an unaffordable luxury, so two types of equipment are used to prepare dishes.

Independent. These devices are provided with programs for the preparation of specific dishes or individual components.
Multifunctional appliances allow you to perform various actions, for example, blanch vegetables and simmer until tender.

They use equipment with several working areas, for example, a stove with many burners, but combi ovens that can replace not only the stove are more relevant on the modern market.

Combi steamers

The modern combi oven with touch control combines a number of cooking modes - convection, steam processing and combined options. The versatility of the device allows you to cook products in different ways - from frying to baking. The popularity of this technique is explained by its ability to replace a whole list of kitchen equipment - a stove, an oven, an electric frying pan, a deep fryer, and with them save both money and working space in the kitchen. There are models that allow you to reduce electricity consumption - they use gas.

What kind of plates are required?

The cafe uses special industrial stoves with built-in scales, and it is advantageous to install two types - both gas and electric. Some dishes need to be cooked only on an open flame, for example, gas, while others require strict adherence to cooking technology, it is an electric oven that can regulate the temperature to a degree.
For a cafe, a valuable advantage will be the automatic shutdown of the burners in the absence of dishes on them. A variety of electric stoves - induction cookers, with the possibility of instant heating, because ordinary electric stoves heat up for a long time.
There are plates for cafes by type and method of installation. There are floor options and more compact, desktop. Only a specialist can correctly connect the industrial stove.

Ovens

Other equipment

In addition to the main equipment, the cafe kitchen is also equipped with auxiliary equipment designed for one type of operation:

boilers - able to quickly boil a large volume of water, maintaining the temperature at the same level for a long time;
deep fryers are designed for dishes whose ingredients must be fried in oil;
rice cookers - for a cafe with a special focus, where the menu has sushi or risotto - they allow you to quickly and efficiently cook rice in any form;
pasta cookers are used by Italian cuisine, where there is always pasta on the menu, pasta here does not burn and does not stick together;
pizza oven - designed for baking pizza and other bakery products that require high temperatures for cooking;
pancake machines and waffle irons - for cafes where the main visitors come for breakfast;
multifunctional mixer - for 10 speed modes with a working resource of up to 25 years;
electric meat grinder for a professional kitchen in a compact design for kitchens with any dimensions;
industrial vegetable cutter for any cutting, preparation of salads and decorations, french fries, vegetable puree;
professional slicer for cutting ham, cheese, sausages and other gastronomic products with a protective knife cover;
food warmers are very useful equipment that allows you to keep dishes freshly cooked hot;

Many catering establishments use devices of a narrow focus - kebab makers, cheburechniks, hot dog machines and other devices for preparing specific dishes.

Optional equipment

In addition to the equipment used for cooking, in such establishments they use equipment for other needs:

refrigeration - industrial refrigerators with a good volume and a temperature controller, freezers for instant freezing of products;
dishwasher - not installed in every cafe, but if the company uses a significant amount of dishes, you cannot do without such equipment;
mechanical - equipment for storage and work - cabinets, tables, other furniture and utensils.

Equipment: approximate prices and characteristics

	Combi steamer TECNOEKA EVOLUTION EKF 711 E UD Type of steam generation: injector. Capacity: 7 levels GN1/1. Gastronorm container size GN1/1: 530x325 mm. Distance between levels: 68 mm. Temperature range: 50 °C...270 °C. Overall dimensions: 935x930x825 mm. Power: 8.4 kW. Voltage: 380 V. Material: stainless steel AISI 304 Weight: 96.2 kg. Approximate cost: 145,000 rubles.
	Pizza oven GAM MD1 Quantity of cooked pizza: 1 pc Pizza diameter: 340 mm Heat chamber size: 360x410x80 mm Dimensions: 585x540x258 mm Power: 1.6 kW Voltage: 220 V Weight: 27 kg Approximate cost: 25,400 rubles.
	Induction cooker UN-3,5KC-1 desktop wok Overall dimensions: 340x430x130 mm. Power: 3.5 kW. Voltage: 220 V. Approximate cost: 8,400 rubles.
	Zharochny surface (grill contact) ERGO VEG-836 smooth/corrugated Overall dimensions: 730х460х240 mm. Power: 4.8 kW. Voltage: 220 V. Approximate cost: 12,300 rubles.
	Refrigerated table HICOLD GN 11/TN Volume: 350 l. Temperature range: -2 °C...+10 °C. Overall dimensions: 1390x700x900 mm. Power: 0.42 kW. Voltage: 220 V. Weight: 98 kg. Approximate cost: 57,450 rubles.
	Show-window confectionery vertical HICOLD VRC 350 Internal volume: 350 l. Temperature range: +2 °C...+10 °C. Overall dimensions: 600x600x1915 mm. Power: 0.69 kW. Voltage: 220 V. Weight: 125 kg. Approximate cost: 58,000 rubles.

In addition to the equipment shown in the photo, the main set includes a refrigerator, a boiler, a mixer, a meat grinder, a slicer, a vegetable cutter, a juicer, a coffee machine, a mixer, an ice maker, a glass washer. It will cost approximately 615,000 rubles.

You can not do without an additional list of appliances, these are washing baths (one- and two-section), production tables and for collecting waste, racks, exhaust hoods, shelves, and a water softener. At a cost of approximately 130,000 rubles.

To purchase all the necessary kitchen utensils, you will need about 30,000 rubles. Another 15,000 for chef's knives. Kitchen utensils and serving items, as well as clothes for cooks, will cost about 60,000 rubles.

Crockery and cutlery is about 70,000 rubles more.

In total, it turns out the cost of 900,000 - 1,000,000 rubles.

Of course, these are approximate calculations. Much depends on the area of the cafe and the individual preferences of the owner. A considerable amount will have to be spent on the purchase of furniture for the hall, the development of its design, because this is the face of the cafe, its corporate identity. It is usually made to order.

The kitchen in a cafe is a complex structure where everything should be at hand and, at the same time, there should not be anything superfluous. What are the requirements for the complete set of cafe equipment and which firms should be preferred when purchasing it?

Firstly, in order to choose equipment for sure, you need to know exactly what functions a particular equipment should have. For example, for a small cafe-bar you will need a bar counter with a coffee grinder, a built-in refrigerator, an ice maker, a blender, a juicer, a food processor and a mixer.
Secondly, it is necessary to take into account the conditions under which the equipment will be operated. As a rule, this is elevated temperature or humidity, so the quality of the equipment will depend on the material from which it is made. Usually it is stainless steel that meets SES standards in quality.
Thirdly, it is necessary to purchase equipment for cafes in specialized companies that are engaged only in its sale. Among competitors, such companies are distinguished by a flexible system of discounts. You can count on the durability of inventory if the manufacturer controls its production at every stage of the production process. The guarantee of success can be the cooperation of such enterprises with foreign partners and the ability to deliver the equipment of interest as soon as possible.

The restaurant business is becoming more and more popular in Russia. Now you can open a cafe or bar of exactly the kind that you have always dreamed of. It can be a mini cafe or a fast food restaurant. Perhaps you want to open a pastry shop or make the first children's cafe in the area.

There are a lot of options, but what are the first steps you need to take to open a cafe? Where to start a business plan and what to look for when it is the first project?

Choosing a place for a successful institution

The first key point in creating an institution where you can eat is the choice of premises. The success or failure of the project will depend on it. You can make a chic renovation, create a unique atmosphere and hire a brilliant chef. But if the wrong area is chosen, then there will be no visitors: the cafe and the ticket office will be empty day after day. Unfortunately, there are many such examples among those who think

The business plan starts with finding the area. When choosing a foothold, pay attention to the condition of the main communication systems. Pay attention to the availability of sewerage, water supply and heating. A good option would be to buy out the old dining room, where there is already a kitchen. It is harder and more expensive to build a new cafe from unsuitable for cooking, but cheaper premises: hangars and warehouses.

Most eateries and bars open in residential areas.
If there was already a dining room, pub or restaurant at this place, then everything is in order, you can open a cafe in a residential building. But if you decide to open a cafe for the first time, where to start the process to avoid a lot of pitfalls? If the sounds of music and the aromas of the kitchen become uninvited guests of the residents' apartments, then problems can begin very quickly. Therefore, it is worth taking care of good zoning of the room, sound insulation and exhaust hood in advance. If the residents find the neighborhood inconvenient, the cafe can simply be closed.

Rent or buy?

Renting is not the best option. Especially when it comes to a large cafe. The rent tends to grow, and not because of the good economic situation in the country. If you suddenly decide to move, then the repair and clientele will remain with the owner. Most of the venerable, established restaurateurs opened their business by buying out the property. After that, the institution can be advertised on a large scale, realizing that the cost of PR is an investment in the future. In addition, if the project does not take place for some reason, you can always rent out your space, but it is more difficult to sublease.

Before opening, it is worth contacting specialists in order to find out whether it is profitable to open a cafe, take into account all legal regulations and guest requirements. Based on these recommendations, a project plan is drawn up. After the cafe business plan is received, an example of it must be submitted to Rospotrebnadzor. After coordinating the project with government agencies, you can start repairing and redevelopment.

A meal with good taste

It is very important to choose a single concept and style of a restaurant or cafe. What audience do you want to work for? Who do you want to see among the guests? The answers to these questions will help you understand the values of your potential visitors and develop a suitable image. Do not forget to take into account your ideas, because now your personal dream is being realized.

It does not matter what level of restaurant you are planning to open - it is important to find your "zest" around which the concept will be built. Think about what is the criterion that will distinguish your shop from all the others? This question will help you successfully open a cafe.

How to implement a business plan?

The first step is to conduct segmentation and risk assessment. Enthusiasts often skip these stages, underestimating the weaknesses of the enterprise and the strengths of competitors. In addition, at this stage it is worth calculating the cash costs, finding out

A working cafe business plan is an example of good preparation. It is impossible to make it without an accurate portrait of a potential client, his social income, tastes, lifestyle.

Right now, the question is being decided where the cafe will receive the main profit from: due to a large turnover or a high markup? If, say, your typical guest is a young student who enjoys spending time with friends, consuming chips and light beer, then expensive gourmet meals are unlikely to be appreciated by him. He will not understand the fabulous prices for a cream of 30 ingredients and a goose liver prepared according to a special recipe. This business planning option is likely to end in failure, despite the fact that you will be able to open a cafe.

Getting Started: Documentation and Registration

This will require a package of documents.

Firstly, only an entrepreneur can do business in our country. You must first open an LLC or IP.

Second, build the following documentation package:

permission to place an institution issued by Rospotrebnadzor;
permission obtained from the fire safety authorities;
confirmation of the compliance of the premises with sanitary standards (lease agreement, staff medical books, state registration certificate, permit for raw materials and commercial products);
licenses for the sale of retail, alcohol and tobacco;
a license for trading activities in a given territory (issued by local governments);
start notification.

Federal Law No. 294-FZ of December 26, 2008 “On the Protection of the Rights of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs in the Implementation of State Control (Supervision) and Municipal Control” regulates this activity.

A legal entity (entrepreneur) provides the necessary documentation to Rospotrebnadzor at its actual location. The completed notification is supplemented with a copy-extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities (Entrepreneurs), as well as a copy of the certificate of registration with the tax authorities. These documents are enough to open a cafe.

Getting Started

The work of even the smallest catering is unthinkable without equipment. In order to brew a cup of coffee or make ice cream, you need a technical base. It is necessary to think over all the details at the design stage of the room.

All equipment should be as functional and practical as possible, durable, meet the requirements for bars, restaurants and cafes. Otherwise, the technique simply will not pay off.

Modern appliances allow you to quickly prepare high-quality dishes. But high productivity is not only the result of a powerful technical base of the institution, but also the ability of the staff to work on it. It is very important to hold a master class for employees after buying a new car.

The right equipment will increase the profitability of the business, while the wrong machines will lead to losses.

Furnishings and furnishings

This is another important issue that you should devote your attention to before opening a cafe. Where to start building a situation? A profitable solution would be to order a set of furniture designed in a single design. However, this is an exclusive option - it is always more expensive. You can buy ready-made furniture. If a cafe is the first such enterprise, then cheap furniture will serve as a model to better see the needs of the institution by its example. It will be easier to order the right furniture next time.

Human factor: we select talented staff

The number of employees will depend on the sales volume of the establishment. All roads in the "edal" are reduced to the cook. He is like a captain on a ship. The chef should not only cook delicious dishes, but also decorate them beautifully. It is very good if you know your future chef in advance, even at the stage when you are developing a business plan for a cafe.

An example, when a case is opened under a well-known master, will definitely not go unnoticed in the city.

The ideal composition of the kitchen is the chef, the required number of cooks and dishwashers. There should be two such trains - for a shift work schedule. The right hand of the owner - the chef - must cook quickly, while not compromising the quality of the dishes, since in such places there are quite often influxes of visitors.

If the chef is the soul of the establishment, then the next group of workers is his face. Bartenders, waiters, administrators personally address the client. The impression that the hall manager makes when meeting guests can be a turning point in a future relationship.

If you have no experience in hiring workers, then try the following advice. Remember your favorite place and try to talk to its owner about the choice of staff. Find out from him the details of how to open a cafe. The business plan of his idea is already living within the walls of the institution, and perhaps his advice will save you from financial and emotional disasters. The successful experience of a colleague is always priceless for someone who knows how to learn.

Any owner will tell you that you should not choose employees based on just good looks. Sometimes administrators, like waiters, have to find themselves in very delicate situations where they need to defend the honor of the institution and not lose the client. Here, of course, you need quick wits, resourcefulness. Such a person can make mistakes, but should not let the owner down. The ability to resolve conflicts peacefully is a precious talent, so pay your employees for it when calculating salaries.

A good waiter is also an excellent seller who will be able to offer exactly what the client wants or does not yet know what he wants.

In order for the cafe to be inexpensive, you can invite an already established team there, or at least the backbone of a team that has worked together for quite some time. This will help make the work process quick and harmonious. This is the important nuance that unfavorably distinguishes new establishments from venerable chains.

"Delicious" day

So, when the basic procedures are completed, and you can invite guests, the stage of purchasing food comes. Of course, if you have not invested in advertising and do not expect an influx of visitors on the first day, then you can gradually improve the menu, finalizing the kitchen. And yet you have traveled this path for the sake of success, and the success of the institution is its full house. Food is a perishable commodity, but it is better to stock up on it in excess than to be left with a full hall and empty refrigerators, explaining that you have just been able to open a cafe.

Where to start shopping? This question is worked out quite well in chain coffee shops. They have well-established deliveries with the best suppliers for the network, and when a new point is opened, the franchise owner will already have an approximate estimate, phones for coordinating purchases. You can use this experience on your own, especially if you are going to discover where there is where to gain experience.

"Eatable" budget

A good advantage of large cities like Moscow is the ability to borrow or take part of the equipment for free.

Suppliers can provide free of charge. In addition, venerable firms with deep pockets offer free souvenir accessories to attract customers. Bar mugs, ashtrays and even furniture with logos. All this will be an invaluable contribution to those who are eager to open a cafe inexpensively. Part of the equipment, such as a microwave or a kettle, it is quite possible to bring from home.

If you open a cafe in an average Russian city, then there will be other advantages. There is no need to invest in interior design and diversify the menu every week. You don’t need fabulous advertising and a glamorous image of the institution. This may even scare off visitors who understand the word "comfort" differently than "metropolitan things".

The first major expenses will be advertising, wages and food costs. The first months are usually unprofitable, but do not despair if you have already managed to open a cafe. Where to start in this situation is to gut the "financial cushion". This is the amount that is initially budgeted for a similar period. After the company becomes on a flat course, the costs will relate mainly to the repair and renewal of equipment.

In a hurry: how to open a fast food cafe?

If you decide on the type of cafe, then it is worth noting that the demand for fast food is very high.

The fact is that this type of food is suitable for poorer groups of the population due to the low cost of lunch and office workers who snack on the go. This creates a certain blur in the client's portrait, but brings other criteria of the project to the fore.

A fast cafe should be located in a place with high traffic of people. You need to stand out from the competition. To do this, it is enough to open a mini-cafe at least around the corner from the shopping center where the rival is located: the main thing is that the flows of people do not intersect.

From a legal point of view, it takes as much work to open a fancy restaurant as to open a fast food restaurant. But investments in the second will be ten times less. The owner of such a business mostly invests in primitive kitchen equipment and rental space.

The smallest gourmets

Toddlers are also connoisseurs of gourmet cooking. But they value rather something else. How to open a children's cafe in your city and not miscalculate? It should be noted that this is still an unfilled niche in Russia, while in the West there is a children's cafe in every crowded place, and a children's menu in every self-respecting restaurant.

Here, of course, special attention should be paid to the design of the room so that the kids feel comfortable. It is better to invite a designer and consult with animators, because they will arrange holidays and events here. Perhaps you should choose one stylistic line, a fairy tale, an era. The entourage should evoke a feeling of comfort and recognition in children, and fabulousness in their parents.

A good place for a children's restaurant would be where there is a kindergarten, a clinic for kids or a playground nearby. It is quite enough to make a hall for 60 seats and fill the menu with bizarrely shaped pasta, soups and delicious cereals - with such a base you can already open a cafe.

confectionery business

This is the most fertile ground for investment. To open a diner with one oven, 100 thousand dollars is enough. Therefore, opening a cafe-confectionery is quite simple.

This establishment will delight guests with fresh pastries and a hot drink. By the way, what they come to the confectionery for is delicious bakery products, and they are good only fresh. Therefore, this type of cafe does not need a cook, but a baker.

The profitability of the business reaches 30% with an investment of 400 thousand dollars.

Confectioneries are very different. These can be art trams at metro stations where you can buy muffins and tea bags. But it can also be a confectionery house with a century of history, where real works of art are made. And people are willing to pay for tasty and beautiful carbohydrates.

As the most competitive and complex area of activity, many call the restaurant business.

But this does not mean that it is so great and inaccessible that an absolute beginner will not be able to cope with it. The main thing is to adhere to regularity and accuracy in your actions.

Nowadays, even small towns are ready to please visitors with a huge variety of small and large restaurants. A young institution will be able to compete with them only if it has a very narrow focus. For example, if it is delicious to cook Chinese, French or Italian food.

In addition, according to experienced businessmen, the literacy and determination of the owner has a strong influence on the success of the work. But if this business is something new and unknown for you, then it is better not to resort to drastic and drastic measures, but to monitor the reaction of visitors to the introduction of one or another additional service.

The success of the institution largely depends on:

from a good professional chef;
from the zest peculiar to your institution;
from a good location.

The danger of bankruptcy scares many novice businessmen, and for good reason, because such an outcome is far from uncommon.

Interesting material on how to properly engage in such activities is presented in the following video:

Where to begin? Required documents

Before proceeding with checks and collecting documents, you need to provide yourself with a room ready for use.

The catering establishment usually The constituent documents of such a legal entity must consist of:

decisions of the founders on the creation;
certificate of registration of a legal entity;
an order appointing a director;
charter;
certificate of receipt of TIN;
letters with statistical codes (OKVED, OKPO, OKFS, etc.);
certificates of registration with the MHIF;
certificates of registration in the PF;
agreements for opening a bank account.

If such a form as a CJSC or OJSC was chosen, then documents on shares must be additionally attached. The simplest organizational form is an individual entrepreneur, but at the same time it causes very close attention of the tax inspectorate.

As for the premises, there must be documentary evidence that it is owned or officially rented.

The concept of the institution

The basis of the restaurant should be an interesting idea. But even if it is not there, this should not become an obstacle to starting your own business. The main thing is to have a detailed concept in stock, consisting of:

restaurant positioning;
distinctive features of the business project;
organizational and staff management structures;
effectively organized zoning and maximum functionality of the premises;
detailed instructions on maintenance methods;
legend and original name;
menu project;
competitive analysis;
list of basic and additional services;
recommendations regarding advertising and promotion.

Selection of a suitable place, repair and furnishing

The choice of premises is one of the most difficult issues, because it has high technical requirements.

There are not so many premises suitable for a restaurant even in large cities, and even those that exist are filled very quickly. Of course, you can do construction, but usually restaurateurs do not resort to such a costly method. If you have enough money, it is better to buy a room - this is the most profitable option.

If you plan to rent, then you need to immediately sign a contract for several years. This will allow you to calculate the costs, because its cost for a given period will be fixed.

The size and shape of the room is only a matter of your preference, but there are things you need to pay attention to:

communications (water supply, electricity, sewerage) must be in perfect condition;
additional sound insulation and ventilation if the establishment is located in a residential building;
the general condition of the premises, because unsuitable finishes will result in large financial costs.

The most proven option, especially for beginners, is renting a room that previously housed a restaurant.

When arranging a point, you need to pay attention to the combination of furniture with walls and floors, chandeliers with other lighting fixtures and other points that affect the presentable appearance of the room and the emerging opinion. Another important point is the cash desk and wardrobe located nearby.

No restaurant setting without a focal point- a fountain, a huge aquarium, an original bar counter, a stage, etc. This is the main landmark for all tables located in the hall. By the way, the correct arrangement of tables can both positively and negatively affect the reputation of the institution. Customers value unobtrusive service most of all, and this can only be achieved if there is a large distance between tables.

Carrying out repairs or redevelopment requires compliance with sanitary and epidemiological rules:

the height of the room is at least 3 meters to be able to install exhaust zones;
the presence of all engineering communications, signaling, as well as a service entrance;
proper distribution of space, for example, the kitchen should occupy at least 50% of the total area;
obligatory presence in the kitchen of a distributing, cold and hot shops;
rational arrangement: the refrigeration unit should not be adjacent to the oven or deep fryer;
carefully organized flow of raw materials and products.

Equipment that is necessary for the kitchen and hall

Regardless of the type of institution, its orientation and size, the modern level of equipment provides for the presence of:

thermal equipment - stoves, frying surfaces, deep fryers, ovens, water heaters, convection ovens, etc.;
electromechanical equipment - vegetable cutters, fish peelers, potato peelers, meat grinders, packaging machines;
dishwashers;
refrigeration equipment;
technological equipment and stainless steel furniture;
equipped bar;
equipment for the hall - chairs, tables, audio systems, air conditioners;
sanitary goods and production racks;
computers and cash registers.

The choice of this or that technique largely depends on the quality, warranty period, level and period of service, cost and country of origin.

The predominance of exclusively imported equipment on the market has been replaced by the appearance of high-quality equipment of domestic manufacturers that can compete with German, French or Italian counterparts.

Staff

Any restaurant cannot do without:

bartender. For a small establishment, 1 person is enough, and if there is a large attendance or a wide range of cocktails, then you can take an assistant to him.
barista, which will be able to surprise visitors with excellent coffee.
Waiters. The optimal number of visitors for one employee is 15 people.
maitre d'. This vacancy is typical for a large institution. His duties include the welcome part, the initial order and the coordination of the work of the waiters.
manager, whose job responsibilities include solving organizational issues, compiling menus, recruiting staff and determining the work schedule.
Kitchen workers: chefs and chefs.

Most often, the restaurant uses hourly wages. To set the time to go to the shift of an employee, there is a special schedule, the preparation of which should be based on:

the required number of employees;
the number of visitors;
staff qualifications;
interests of employees (combining several jobs or students).

In addition, it is necessary to take into account everyday circumstances, sometimes leading to the fact that an employee cannot go to work.

Procurement of products, menu development

The new restaurant can count on 10-15% workload therefore, the chef will be able to independently determine the required amount of products.

The initial supply of the bar, of course, is known to the bartender, but since most of the alcoholic products are expensive, the director prefers to control its consumption and the rest.

A good restaurant should always have a so-called “shelf” bottle of cognac worth at least 1 thousand dollars, which someone will definitely buy at least once a year. And the assortment of the wine list should range from 50 to 70 items.

The menu of the institution, which is characterized by an average pricing policy, should include the following main items:

hot dishes: from meat and fish at least 6 pieces, from poultry - at least 3;
several low-calorie dishes (salads) that women usually prefer.

The restaurant menu is usually focused on achieving maximum profitability, therefore, the restaurateur must track down dishes that are not popular and get rid of them.

Restaurant advertising

Any kind of promotion pursues the goal, in one way or another connected with the stimulation of demand. The promotion path depends on various factors: the direction of the cuisine, pricing policy, the design of the trading floor or the quality of service.

Among the main types of promotion are advertising, publicity and personal selling.

Allocate:

outdoor advertising- a sign, which is also a mandatory requirement of the local authorities for each restaurant. To attract customers, they also use panels, brackets or plastic figures of people.
Internal advertising, often represented by all kinds of booklets and leaflets, which contain information about the institution and planned or possible events.
Internet. A properly organized and promoted website is a very effective method of attracting a potential guest. The most important thing is to strictly monitor the menu - the visitor must be aware of each change.
mass media. An extraordinary and bright layout is an excellent advertising ploy.
Souvenir products e.g. matches, lighters, toothpicks, glasses, etc.
Discounts for a business lunch, set lunch, dish of the day, etc.

How much does it cost?

There are many options for opening such a business, and it is almost impossible to describe the costs of each. Let's dwell on the option that involves renting a finished premises, which has all the necessary equipment:

15,000 rubles - registration of an LLC;
6,500 - payment for the work of an SES employee who will measure lighting and noise for compliance with standards;
50,000 - the purchase of various kinds of small things: tablecloths, spoons, knives, rags, buckets, etc.;
300,000 - the cost of a license giving the right to trade in alcoholic products;
144,000 - salary of employees:
- chef - 25,000 rubles;
- hot shop cook (2 people) - 20,000 rubles;
- cold shop cook - 8,000 rubles;
- rootstock - 5,000 rubles;
- cleaning lady - 5,000 rubles;
- dishwasher - 5,000 rubles;
- accountant - 8,000 rubles.
We multiply this entire amount (except for the accountant's salary) by 2, since the establishment's working hours are on average 16 hours.
100,000 - food;
rent at the rate of 1000 rubles per 1 sq. m.;
Payment of utility services;
advertising.

Payback periods and approximate profit

The payback period and the level of profitability of the establishment are influenced by various factors: location (the most successful option is a large microdistrict with a large number of offices), high-quality food in demand, a wide assortment and a beautifully designed menu.

Subject to these simple rules, the restaurant will be able to pay for itself in 2-2.5 years.

The profitability of the business is almost entirely dependent on the restaurateur, who must effectively organize the process, gain regular customers and constantly engage in attracting new ones.

The selection of worthy qualified personnel, the provision of impeccable service, a competent approach to menu preparation, the arrangement of an exquisite interior and the organization of competent management allow us to count on a yield of 30 to 50%.