TO MINOR RECIPIENTS OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN A SEMI-STATE FORM OF SOCIAL SERVICES

1.1. Social services in a semi-residential form are provided to minors who are recognized as in need of social services due to the presence of the following circumstances that worsen or may worsen their living conditions:

a) the child (including those under guardianship, guardianship) has difficulties in social adaptation;

b) the presence of problems associated with socialization among graduates of organizations for orphans and children left without parental care, as well as minors released from institutions of the penitentiary system Federal Service the execution of sentences and those who returned from special educational institutions of a closed type;

c) the presence of an intra-family conflict, including with persons with drug or alcohol addiction, persons addicted to gambling, persons suffering from mental disorders, the presence of domestic violence;

d) the presence of post-traumatic disorders, including psychological trauma resulting from experienced emergencies armed interethnic (interethnic) conflicts and (or) the presence of suicidal intent;

e) committing an offense or a crime by a minor;

f) violation of the rights and legitimate interests of minors, including cruel treatment and violence against a minor;

g) the presence of circumstances that cause the risk of leaving the child without care by a parent or other legal representative, as well as the risk of artificial termination of pregnancy by a woman not for medical reasons;

h) the presence of a minor legal status an orphan child, a child left without parental care, or a citizen having the status of a person from among orphans, children left without parental care.

1.2. Social services in a semi-stationary form are provided by the department day stay minors and social rehabilitation of the disabled.

2.1. An application for the provision of social services is submitted by a citizen or his representative

2.2. To the application for the provision of social services in without fail the following documents are attached:

a) a copy of a passport or other document proving the identity of a citizen (if any);

b) a copy of a passport or other document proving the identity of a representative of a citizen, if his representative applies for a service in the interests of a citizen;

c) a copy of the document confirming the authority of the citizen's representative, if the citizen's representative applies for the service in the interests of the citizen;

d) a copy of the conclusion of a medical organization on the state of health of a citizen on the presence (absence) of medical contraindications for being in a semi-stationary organization, specified in clause 4.2 of section 4;

e) a document of a medical organization on the placement of a parent (legal representative) of a minor for treatment (rehabilitation) (if any);

f) petition official body or institution of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency, including based on the conclusion of a psychologist (if any);

g) decision of the person conducting the inquiry, investigator, prosecutor or judge in case of detention, arrest or conviction of the parents or legal representatives of the minor (if any).

3.1. Social services in a semi-stationary form social services, specified in the Law of the Tyumen region dated 02.12.2014 No. 108 "On the list of social services provided by social service providers", in the amounts determined by the standards of social services, citizens specified in clause 1.1 of section 1 are provided free of charge.

3.2. Social services rendered in excess of the volumes determined by the standards of social services, as well as additional social services that are not included in the list of social services approved by the Law

PROCEDURE FOR THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN A SEMI-STATIONARY FORM

4.1. Social services in the semi-stationary form of social services are provided to citizens in the absence of medical contraindications specified in clause 4.2 of this section.

4.2. Medical contraindications to the provision of social services in a semi-stationary form are:

a) sharp infectious diseases or chronic infectious diseases in the acute stage, severe course and (or) contagious to others, as well as fever, rash of unclear etiology;

b) severe chronic skin diseases with multiple rashes and profuse discharge;

c) quarantine infectious diseases;

d) chronic and protracted mental disorders with severe persistent or often exacerbated painful manifestations, including those associated with the use of psychoactive substances;

e) complete loss of the ability to self-service and free movement;

f) all diseases requiring inpatient treatment, constant round-the-clock care, chronic diseases in the stage of decompensation (exacerbation).

4.3. If a citizen has medical contraindications, he has the right to re-apply for the provision of social services after undergoing appropriate treatment and re-submitting the documents specified in section 2.

4.4. When contacting a social service provider, a citizen, his representative shall submit the following documents:

a) a personal appeal of a minor or a statement by the parents of a minor (legal representatives), taking into account the opinion of a minor who has reached the age of 10, except in cases where taking into account the opinion of a minor is contrary to his interests, or a statement by a body or an official of a body or institution of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency ;

b) an individual program for the provision of social services;

c) birth certificate (in its absence - conclusion medical expertise certifying the age of a minor), passport or other document proving the identity of a minor (for citizens over 14 years old) (if any);

d) passport or other document proving the identity of parents, legal representatives (if any);

e) a copy of the conclusion of a medical organization on the state of health of a citizen and on the presence (absence) of medical contraindications for being in a semi-stationary organization, specified in clause 4.2 of section 4.

4.4.1. The Office additionally provides the social service provider with copies of the following documents:

a) a petition from an official of a body or institution of the system for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency (if any);

b) the decision of the person conducting the inquiry, the investigator, the prosecutor or the judge in the event of detention, arrest or conviction of the parents or legal representatives of the minor (if any).

4.5. Social services in the semi-residential form of social services in accordance with this subsection are provided for a period of not more than 18 working days (in the amount of not more than three hours a day).

4.6. For the provision of social services in a semi-stationary form of social service, the following groups are formed:

a) in the first half of the day, observing the time interval 08:30-11:30 for:

children who do not attend preschool organizations;

schoolchildren studying from the second shift;

b) in the afternoon, observing the time interval 13:30-16:30 for schoolchildren studying from the first shift.

Throughout the day, groups can be visited by teenagers who are not studying and do not have permanent place work, as well as adolescents receiving secondary professional education working teenagers.

4.7. On the last day of social services in a semi-stationary form, a conclusion is issued to the recipient of social services or his representative on the results of the implementation of an individual program for the provision of social services and recommendations for further work with him and (or) his family. Recommendations on further social support for a minor and his family are also sent to the territorial commission for minors and the protection of their rights.

Rehabilitation of citizens with disabilities

The procedure for providing social services to recipients of social services in a semi -stationary form to disabled people, children with disabilities recognized as needing social services due to partial loss of ability or the opportunity to carry out self -service, independently move, provide basic needs due to disability, children aged 0 to the age of 0 to 3 YEARS WITH DISABLED RESPONSIBILITIES RECOGNIZED AS NEEDING SOCIAL SERVICES DUE TO A CHILD aged 0 TO 3 YEARS OLD WITH DISABLED HEALTH OPPORTUNITIES.

Social services in a semi-stationary form in accordance with this section are provided:

Disabled children, disabled children recognized as in need of social services due to partial loss of the ability or ability to carry out self-service, move independently, provide for basic life needs due to the presence of a disability.

Children aged 0 to 3 years with disabilities, recognized as in need of social services due to the presence of a child aged 0 to 3 years with disabilities.

Social services in a semi-stationary form in accordance with this subsection are provided by centers (complex centers) of social services for the population, social rehabilitation centers for minors, rehabilitation centers for the disabled, centers for social assistance to families and children, and others. legal entities regardless of their organizational and legal form and (or) individual entrepreneurs carrying out activities similar to the activities of these organizations.

LIST OF DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES

An application for the provision of social services in accordance with this subsection shall be submitted by a citizen or his representative.

The following documents are attached to the application for the provision of social services:

1) a copy of a passport or other document proving the identity of a citizen;

2) a copy of a passport or other document proving the identity of a representative of a citizen, if his representative applies for a service in the interests of a citizen;

3) a copy of the document confirming the powers of the citizen's representative, if the citizen's representative applies for the service in the interests of the citizen;

4) a copy of the conclusion of a medical organization on the state of health of a citizen and on the presence (absence) of medical contraindications for social services in a semi-stationary form.

5) a copy of the birth certificate

6) a copy of a certificate of disability indicating the group of disability (if there is a disability);

7) a copy of the individual program of rehabilitation or habilitation (if there is a disability).

RULES FOR THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES FOR FREE OR FOR A PAY OR PARTIAL PAY

Social services in the semi-stationary form of social services specified in the Law of the Tyumen Region dated December 2, 2014 No. 108 “On the list of social services provided by social service providers” are provided free of charge.

Social services provided in excess of the volumes determined by the standards of social services, as well as additional social services that are not included in the list of social services approved by the Law of the Tyumen Region of 02.12.2014 No. 108 "On the list of social services provided by social service providers" are provided on the terms payment in the amount of 100 percent of the established tariffs in accordance with the agreement on the provision of social services.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL SERVICES IN SEMI-STATIONARY FORM

Social services in the semi-stationary form of social services are provided to citizens, in the absence of medical contraindications.

Medical contraindications to the provision of social services in a semi-stationary form in accordance with this subsection are:

1) acute infectious diseases or chronic infectious diseases in the stage of exacerbation, severe course and (or) contagious to others, as well as fever, rash of unclear etiology;

2) tuberculosis of any organs and systems with bacterial excretion, confirmed by the method of sowing;

3) severe chronic skin diseases with multiple rashes and profuse discharge;

4) chronic and protracted mental disorders with severe persistent or often exacerbated painful manifestations, including those associated with the use of psychoactive substances;

5) chronic alcoholism, drug addiction;

6) complete loss of the ability to self-service and free movement;

7) all diseases requiring inpatient treatment, constant round-the-clock care, chronic diseases in the stage of decompensation (exacerbation).

If a citizen has medical contraindications, he has the right to re-apply for the provision of social services in accordance with this subsection after undergoing appropriate treatment and re-submitting documents.

When contacting a social service provider, a citizen, his representative shall submit the following documents:

1) an individual program for the provision of social services;

2) a passport or other document proving the identity of a citizen or a birth certificate of a child;

3) the conclusion of a medical organization on the state of health of a citizen and on the presence (absence) of medical contraindications for social services in a semi-stationary form.

Currently, the number of elderly citizens in Russia is 30.5 million people, or 20.7 percent of the total population. There is a steady increase in the proportion of people of retirement age, which will continue in the near future. Over the past forty years, the number of older people has increased by 2.2 times (with the growth of the entire population by 1.25 times). Kiselev S.G. Social services - a contribution to the social well-being of elderly citizens // Worker of the social service, 2004, No. 1 - 2. - p. 17.

The aging of the population occurs simultaneously with the process of a general decline in living standards. For the majority of older people, retirement is a decrease in income by one and a half, two or more times. The inability of older people to satisfy their needs on their own or with the help of relatives should not always be the basis for placement in stationary social service institutions.

Therefore, the predominant development of a network of non-stationary and semi-stationary institutions remains indisputable. Thanks to this, many older people who have retained full or partial ability to self-service have gained access to basic social services, as well as the opportunity for an independent existence in their usual living environment.

Institutions with a non-stationary and semi-stationary form of social service include social service centers, which are leading in the provision of social assistance at the municipal level.

Social services for the elderly and old people are carried out through the department of centers:

Social assistance at home;

Specialized home care unit;

Emergency Department;

Department of day care;

Helpline service;

Department of Natural Aid and Services;

Social services can be permanent or temporary, depending on the desire of the ward. It can be completely free, partially paid or paid, depending on the income of pensioners.

Women over 55 years of age and men over 60 years of age who need permanent or temporary assistance due to partial or complete loss of the ability to independently satisfy their vital needs have the right to social services.

Semi-stationary institutions of a new type are gerontological centers, where, with a homogeneous age composition, the similarity of the needs and interests of the attendants, it is easier to create a comfortable living environment, maintain a favorable psychological atmosphere, and provide the elderly with medical care and care.

Currently, 10 gerontological and gerontopsychological centers (departments) serve 2.1 thousand people. The number of social service centers in the country is 1744, more than a third of the centers are complex, providing a variety of services various categories population. In the forecast period, it is expected that the network of social service centers will increase annually by at least 50 units.

An analysis of the work of social service institutions shows that there are semi-stationary day care institutions in 931 centers. Each such department serves an average of 570 people per year. Concept social policy in relation to the elderly//Social security, 2006, No. 1.-p. 26.

Analysis of the work of social service institutions

shows that 931 centers have semi-permanent day care units. Each such department serves an average of 570 people per year.

Social support for the elderly in difficult life situations is provided through 1954 departments of emergency social assistance.

The most common is the social service for the elderly at home, which, through 12,654 departments, is used by more than 1.2 million people. Overall, for every 10,000 retirees, home-based services reach approximately 291 people. The concept of social policy in relation to the elderly // Social Security, 2006, No. 1.-p. 26.

Socially - medical service about 60,000 seriously ill elderly and disabled people receive at home through 1009 specialized departments every year, while its share in the total mass of home services exceeded 9% and is increasing from year to year.

It is obvious that it is necessary to continue developing the network of non-stationary institutions as more economic and closer to the real needs of the elderly, when everyone has the opportunity to choose the best option for social services for themselves.

Let us consider in more detail the activities of individual social service centers.

The Department of Social Care at Home was first organized in 1987 and immediately received wide recognition from the old people. At present, this is one of the main types of social services, the main purpose of which is to maximize the stay of old people in their usual habitat, maintain their personal and social status, protect their rights and legitimate interests.

The main social services indicated at home:

Catering and food delivery at home;

Assistance in the acquisition of medicines, industrial essential goods;

Assistance in obtaining medical care, support in medical institution, polyclinic, hospital;

Maintenance of living conditions in accordance with hygiene requirements;

Organization of various social and household services depending on living conditions in a city or village (payment utilities, electricity, communication services; assistance in providing fuel, etc.);

Assistance in the formation of documents, including for the establishment of guardianship and guardianship;

Placement in stationary social service institutions;

Assistance in the organization ritual services and burial of the lonely dead;

In addition to home-based social services provided for by federal and territorial lists of state-guaranteed social services, additional services may be provided to old people on the basis of full or partial payment.

The department is created to serve at least 120 elderly citizens living in urban areas and at least 60 citizens living in countryside or the urban sector that does not have public amenities. Uskova N.I. They will feed, and treat, and put things in order.// Sociology, 2001. No. 5. -p.14

A specialized department of social assistance at home is intended for permanent or temporary (up to 6 months) social and household services and the provision of pre-hospital medical care, at home, to elderly citizens and the disabled who have lost the ability to self-service and suffering from diseases that are a contraindication to being accepted for service department of social assistance at home.

Social services for the elderly are provided by social workers, and medical services are provided by nurses.

Job title social worker is based on the calculation of the service by one employee of 3 pensioners and disabled people living in rural areas or the urban private sector that does not have communal amenities, and 10 citizens living in the city.

The departments perform the following tasks:

Identification and registration, together with health authorities and institutions, of citizens in need of specialized home care;

Providing pensioners with qualified care, social and household and pre-hospital medical care at home;

Systematic monitoring of the state of health and carrying out activities aimed at preventing exacerbations of chronic diseases;

Provision of psychological assistance to serviced persons and members of their families;

Teaching relatives practical skills in general patient care;

The welfare services provided by the Special Home Care Unit are basically the same as the care provided by the Home Care Unit. To additional services relate:

Feeding weakened pensioners;

Provision of sanitary and hygienic assistance to persons served;

Change of underwear and bed linen;

Holding medical procedures etc. Pyatnitsky B.P., Nesterova N.M. and others. Fundamentals of social work with the elderly: To help the social worker. - Novosibirsk Regional Gerontological Center, 2003. - p.53.

The emergency social assistance service is designed to provide citizens who are in dire need of social support, emergency care one-time nature, aimed at maintaining their livelihoods.

The positions of a social work specialist, social workers, as well as a psychologist and a lawyer are being introduced to the emergency social assistance headquarters.

The Social Urgent Assistance Service provides the following social services:

One-time provision of free hot meals or food packages to those in dire need;

Provision of clothing, footwear and other essentials;

One-time provision of financial assistance;

Assistance in obtaining temporary housing;

Organization legal assistance in order to protect the rights of persons served;

Organization of emergency medical and psychological assistance;

Referral of citizens to the relevant authorities and services for qualified and complete resolution of their issues;

Other urgent social services. Pyatnitsky B.P., Nesterova N.M. and others. Fundamentals of social work with the elderly: To help the social worker. - Novosibirsk Regional Gerontological Center, 2003. - p. 59.

The day care department is intended for social, medical, cultural services for citizens who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement, organizing their meals and recreation, attracting them to feasible labor activity maintaining an active lifestyle.

The day care unit is semi-permanent, structural unit social service center and is created to serve at least 15 people.

The duration of service by the day care department is set based on the order of citizens for service, but not less than 2 weeks.

The day care department, in accordance with the list of state-guaranteed social services, provides social, medical, legal, catering, household and leisure services, as well as assists persons with disabilities in obtaining education or a profession in accordance with their physical capabilities and mental abilities. Pyatnitsky B.P., Nesterova N.M. and others. Fundamentals of social work with the elderly: To help the social worker. - Novosibirsk Regional Gerontological Center, 2003. - p. 64.

The day care department is a kind of leisure center for the elderly, regardless of whether they live in families or are single.

The main objective of the activity is to help older people overcome loneliness, a secluded lifestyle, fill their existence with new meaning, form an active lifestyle, partially lost due to retirement.

Recently, in many departments of day care, new methods of social work and rehabilitation of the elderly have been actively practiced.

The branch of natural aid and services is intended for the sale of goods and household services at socially low prices.

Its structure usually includes:

Shop for the sale of food and manufactured goods of prime necessity;

Salon;

Sewing factory;

Servicing of the elderly and disabled is carried out on the basis of a pension certificate. The department also participates in the distribution of humanitarian aid through the Red Cross and other types of charitable assistance.

In the structure of the social service center, in addition to those listed, there may be other divisions. The decision to create a particular unit is made by the director of the center in agreement with the department social protection population.

Currently, the need for social services in stationary conditions remains quite high.

In the regions of Russia, there are 674 state-run boarding houses of a general type for the elderly and disabled for 92.8 thousand places and about 528 municipal homes for veterans with about 1.7 thousand places. Elderly citizens suffering from various mental illnesses receive assistance in 542 psycho-neurological boarding schools, 17 mercy boarding houses. The concept of social policy in relation to the elderly // Social Security, 2006, No. 1. - p.28.

In stationary social service institutions for elderly citizens, living conditions are created that correspond to their age, state of mental and somatic health, social, social, labor and medical rehabilitation, leisure and recreation activities are carried out.

The stationary institutions of social service for the elderly and old people include:

Houses - boarding schools of a general type (homes for the elderly);

Boarding house for veterans of labor and disabled people, veterans of the Second World War, the elderly of certain professional categories (artists, etc.);

Special houses for single and childless couples with a range of social services;

Specialized boarding houses for former prisoners who have reached old age;

Houses (departments) of mercy;

Temporary residences;

Houses - boarding schools for psychochronics;

Let us consider in more detail the most common type of stationary social service institution - a boarding house of a general type.

Homes - boarding schools are intended for permanent residence of the elderly and disabled, single married couples who, for health reasons, need daily social and domestic services and periodic or permanent care.

For the residence of elderly and disabled citizens in boarding schools, two departments are usually provided. This is a department for persons capable of partial self-service and movement around the house - a boarding school and the area adjacent to it, and a department for those in need of constant care. Each department should have a set of premises for carrying out social, hygienic and medical and preventive measures.

In addition to departments for living in boarding schools, public facilities are provided: a cinema hall, a library, an assembly hall, a club, a recreation room with a set of required technical means, musical instruments, board games, a dining room with a catering unit, medical rooms, medical and labor workshops, office and utility rooms necessary for the normal functioning of the boarding house.

In accordance with the list of state-guaranteed social services, the following types of services are provided in boarding schools:

Catering services, including dietary, everyday life;

Providing health care;

Qualified medical care, rehabilitation, timely diagnosis of complications and exacerbations of chronic diseases;

Provision of psychological assistance;

Organization of the provision of dental, prosthetic and prosthetic - orthopedic care;

Organization of advisory assistance to medical-profiled institutions and transfer of elderly residents, if necessary, to an appropriate medical institution;

Organization cultural - mass work with residents, taking into account their age and state of health;

Legal services;

Involvement in rehabilitation activities of members of public and religious organizations, charitable societies and associations;

Other social services. Pyatnitsky B.P., Nesterova N.M. and others. Fundamentals of social work with the elderly: To help the social worker. - Novosibirsk regional gerontological center. 2003. - With. 72.

If elderly citizens systematically violate the rules of living in boarding houses of a general type, they can be transferred to specialized nursing homes.

Specialized nursing homes are intended for permanent residence of citizens who have partially or completely lost the ability to self-service and need constant care, from among the vacated places of deprivation of liberty, especially dangerous recidivists. Elderly people who have previously been convicted or repeatedly brought to administrative responsibility for violating public order, who are engaged in vagrancy and begging, are also sent here.

Social service in stationary conditions successfully fulfills its mission, if it does not itself contribute to the disruption of habitual social ties, deepening the social alienation of the individual. The multi-occupancy houses of the same type prevailing at the present time - boarding schools should be gradually replaced by hospitals with a small capacity.

One of the promising forms of improving the social and living conditions of lonely elderly people, organizing their medical care, recreation and leisure is the creation of special residential buildings for this category of citizens.

In accordance with the example “Regulations on a special house for lonely elderly people”, approved by the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population on April 7, 1994, these houses are intended for permanent residence of single citizens, as well as married couples who have retained full or partial ability to self-service in everyday life and need to create conditions for self-realization of their basic vital needs.

The main purpose of creating such houses is to provide favorable conditions accommodation and self-service; provision of social, household and medical assistance to elderly citizens; creation of conditions for an active lifestyle, including feasible labor activity.

Special houses can be built as per standard project, and be located in converted separate buildings or parts of a multi-storey building. Special houses consist of one-, two-room apartments and include a complex of social and household services, medical office, library, canteen, order points for foodstuffs, delivery of linen to the laundry or dry cleaning, premises for cultural activities and for work. They should be equipped with small-scale mechanization to facilitate self-service for elderly residents. At such houses round-the-clock operating dispatch centers equipped with intercom are organized.

Medical care for citizens living in special boarding schools is carried out medical staff territorial medical and preventive institutions, and the organization of social, domestic, commercial and cultural services - with relevant territorial bodies and services.

The priority right to provide housing in a special house is used by single disabled people and participants in the Great Patriotic War and related persons.

Special houses are usually classified as social housing stock, are state property and are located in operational management fund of social support of the population.

The main sources of financing for special houses are budget allocations, as well as income from the sale of housing transferred to the fund by the residents of the special house, the fund's income from entrepreneurial activities.

When single citizens move into a special house, the safety of the living quarters transferred to the fund for social support of the population is ensured for 6 months from the moment of settlement. The size compensation payments is 10% of the cost of housing according to BTI.

The possibility of privatization of residential premises in a special house is excluded. In the event of the departure of one of the family members living in a two-room apartment, the fund has the right, with the consent of the remaining family member, to replace the area occupied by them with a smaller one, or to move to the vacated area, in compliance with the relevant rules and regulations.

Thus, various social service institutions occupy an important place in the system of social protection of the elderly and old people.

In the field of social services for the elderly and old people, the fundamental documents regulating in Russian legislation social - labor rights person, are federal laws "On the basics of social services for the population in Russian Federation”, “On social services for elderly and disabled citizens”, “On veterans”, which entered into force in 1995.

Moreover, it can be said that the activities of these institutions actively shape not only the attitude towards the elderly in society, but also the position of the elderly: their views on themselves, their place and role in the social organization.

According to these laws, the main principles of activities in the field of social services for old people are as follows:

Observance of human and citizens' rights;

Providing state guarantees;

Ensuring equal opportunities in receiving social services and their availability for old people;

Continuity of all types of social services;

Orientation of social services to individual needs;

Priority of measures for social adaptation of elderly citizens.

Day (night) stay departments are a form of semi-stationary social services and play an important role in providing effective social support to the elderly. They are created on the basis of municipal social service centers or under social protection authorities.

Day care departments are designed for household, medical, cultural services for the elderly, organizing their recreation, engaging in feasible work, and maintaining an active lifestyle.

Branches are created to serve at least 30 people. They include elderly and disabled people who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement. The decision on enrollment is made by the head of the social service institution on the basis of a personal written application of an elderly citizen or a disabled person and a certificate from a health care institution on his state of health.

The day care department provides the following services:

organization of food, life and leisure (providing hot meals, providing books, magazines, newspapers);

social and medical services (assistance in obtaining medical and psychological assistance, provision of sanitary and hygienic services, organization of medical and recreational activities, assistance in obtaining vouchers for sanatorium treatment);

assistance in organizing legal services;

assistance in organizing funeral services.

The emerging trend of reducing the services of inpatient institutions is associated with an increase in the provision of outpatient care to the disabled and the elderly living in normal home conditions, non-stationary institutions social service. The latter are represented by departments of social assistance at home (including at boarding schools, territorial centers, departments of social protection), territorial centers of social services and territorial social assistance services (as a rule, on the basis of territorial centers and departments of social assistance at home under rai (mountain) departments (departments) of social protection of the population).

Departments of social assistance at home provide the minimum required range of services for the delivery of food, medicine, firewood (coal), payment of housing and communal and other expenses.

Recently this organizational form is complemented by another, caused by the transition to market economy when a significant part of the elderly and disabled found themselves on the verge of poverty, having lost their livelihood, in an extreme life situation. This is an emergency social assistance service. The main types of services of the emergency social assistance service include: providing food, medicines, clothing, temporary housing, providing emergency psychological assistance, assistance in identifying disabled people in boarding schools and hospitals, providing services of hairdressers, repairmen of electrical household appliances, active cooperation with government, public, religious organizations, charitable foundations, means mass media, organs government controlled and other institutions to take measures to resolve acute life situations.

The need for the functioning of urgent social assistance services is undeniable, as they develop and supplement the services of social assistance departments at home and, most importantly, allow disabled people who are beyond the poverty line to maintain their existence.

The semi-stationary forms of social services include territorial centers, the advantage of which is the possibility of combining medical and social services for the disabled. Territorial social service centers also make it possible to organize meals, create conditions for communication between the disabled and the elderly. The latter is an important factor for maintaining the moral tone of people living outside the family.

Initially, the creation of territorial centers was envisaged mainly together with inpatient departments, where conditions were created for a temporary stay (5-10 days) of JOBs in fairly comfortable conditions and preventive treatment (physiotherapy, phototherapy, massage, psychological relief). However, the creation of territorial centers with inpatient services requires additional conditions and, accordingly, more significant costs, for which local social protection authorities do not always have the necessary financial resources.

Territorial social service centers have large reserves to meet the needs of the disabled. According to the management of the centers, more than 5% of those served are ready to pay for additional (in addition to those provided free of charge) services. But only a few territorial centers and social assistance departments provide paid services at the request of disabled people, and the range of services as a whole is limited to the general set: cooking, washing dishes, delivering linen to the laundry, washing linen at home, providing bath services, cleaning the apartment, washing windows, buying groceries, medicines, manufactured goods, walking the dog, etc.

The semi-residential form of social service in Volgograd is represented by: the Day Care Center for Pensioners and the Disabled, the Center for Social Assistance to Families Raising Children of the Disabled in the Dzerzhinsky District, and the City Center for Social Assistance in the Kirovsky District.

The Day Center for Pensioners and Disabled Persons, designed for 30 places, is intended for social, medical, cultural services for pensioners and disabled people, organizing their meals, recreation, maintaining an active lifestyle, and attracting them to work. The Center accepts elderly citizens for service: men from 60 years old, women - from 55 years old, disabled people of groups I and II for a period of two weeks, who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement.

The Center for Social Assistance to Families Raising Disabled Children of the Dzerzhinsky District was established in 1995. The purpose of the Center is to promote the realization of the right of families and children to protection and assistance from the state, to promote the development and strengthening of the family as a social institution, to improve socio-economic living conditions, indicators social health and the well-being of the family and children, the humanization of the family's connection with society and the state, the establishment of harmonious intra-family relations: the organization of communication and leisure for children: training in self-service skills, household adaptation, and the provision of advisory assistance.

The City Center for Social Assistance in the Kirovsky District was created in order to protect people who find themselves in extreme conditions without a fixed place of residence and occupation, in a crisis life situation and the implementation of rehabilitation measures.

In the issue of developing the principles of the ratio of paid and free services, it is necessary to approach targeted and individually. Meeting the specific needs of the client for a moderate fee should be in addition to meeting his general needs free of charge. The rationale for this approach is confirmed by the experience of foreign social service systems, in particular Finland, where they strive to provide the client with such services that promote (stimulate) his independence and serve as a prerequisite for a good moral and psychological state.

In order to further improve the system of social services and in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Social Protection of Russia dated 20.07.93. social service centers are being created, which are institutions of social protection of the population, carrying out organizational and practical activities on the territory of a city or district to provide various kinds social assistance to the elderly, the disabled and other groups of the population in need of social support. The structure of the center provides for various divisions of social services, including the day care department for the elderly and disabled, social assistance at home, urgent social assistance services and others.

To the main tasks of the social service center in joint activities with government and public organizations(health, education, migration services, committees of the Red Cross Society, veterans' organizations, societies of the disabled, etc.) include:

• - identification of the elderly, disabled and other persons in need of social support;
• - determination of specific types and forms of assistance to persons in need of social support;
• - differentiated accounting of all persons in need of social support, depending on the types and forms of the required, the frequency of its provision;
• - provision of social services of a one-time or permanent nature to persons in need of social support;
• - analysis of the level of social services for the population of the city, district, development of long-term plans for the development of this sphere of social support for the population, the introduction of new types and forms of assistance into practice, depending on the nature of the needs of citizens and local conditions;
• - involvement of various state and non-state structures in solving the issues of providing social and household assistance to needy segments of the population and coordinating their activities in this direction.
• d) Stationary social services are aimed at providing comprehensive social assistance to persons in need of constant care and supervision due to health reasons. The state stationary institutions of social and consumer services include boarding houses for the elderly and disabled, the regulation of which was approved by order of the Ministry of Social Affairs of the RSFSR dated December 27, 1978. In accordance with this order, a boarding house is a medical and social institution intended for permanent residence of the elderly and disabled who need care, household and medical services. In the boarding house for the implementation of medical and labor and activating therapy, medical and production (labor) workshops are created, and in the boarding house located in the countryside, in addition, a subsidiary farm with the necessary inventory, equipment and transport.

Other institutions of this type also include a psycho-neurological boarding school, defined as a medical and social institution intended for permanent residence of the elderly and disabled who suffer from mental chronic diseases and those in need of care, household and medical care.

Residential institutions for the elderly accept citizens of retirement age who do not have able-bodied children who are required by law to support them. As a matter of priority, invalids and participants of the Great Patriotic War, family members of fallen military personnel, as well as deceased invalids and participants in the war are admitted to boarding schools.

One of the indispensable conditions for admission is voluntariness, therefore, paperwork is carried out only if there is a written application from a citizen. Application for admission to a nursing home medical card submitted to a higher authority social security, which issues a ticket to the boarding house. If a person is incompetent, then his placement in a stationary institution is carried out on the basis of a written application of his legal representative. The law provides for the right of citizens who are in stationary institutions social services, refuse services, but on condition that they have relatives who can support them and provide the necessary care.

Persons who are in boarding houses of a general type, systematically and grossly violating the rules of internal order in them, may be transferred to special boarding houses by a court decision made on the basis of a recommendation from the administration. They are created mainly for the elderly and disabled with previous convictions, vagrants, sent from institutions of the internal affairs bodies and other persons who are subject to administrative supervision in the manner established by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 15, 1995 “On the development of a network of specialized boarding houses for the elderly and the disabled."

The functioning of boarding schools as one of the main forms of social services for the elderly is associated with a number of serious problems. Among them: the degree of satisfaction of needs in boarding schools, the quality of service in them, the creation of accompanying conditions for living, etc. people are increasingly willing to live in their familiar home environment. The stationary form of social services is represented in Volgograd by the Traktorozavodsk Center for Social Services for Pensioners and the Disabled. The department with a hospital is intended for medical, cultural, consumer services, attraction to feasible labor activity, maintaining an active lifestyle.

Currently, inpatient institutions are mostly people who have completely lost the ability to move and require constant care, as well as those who do not have housing. An alternative to boarding schools in the near future may be special residential houses for the elderly (approximate Regulations on a special house for lonely elderly people, approved by the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population on April 7, 1994), which, despite some shortcomings, still have a number of important advantages.

Today, a significant part of social service centers are multidisciplinary institutions capable of providing the elderly and disabled with a variety of types and forms of services, including social and medical, social and commercial services. The priority direction is the development of models of non-stationary social services (social service centers, departments of social assistance at home), which allow the elderly to stay in their usual environment as long as possible, maintain their personal and social status.

Thus, the main technologies at present are state technologies for the social protection of the elderly - pensions, social services, social assistance. However priority social work with the elderly is the organization of the living environment of aging people, carried out in such a way that the elderly person always has the opportunity to choose how to interact with this environment, because. older people are not an object of activity of various social services, but a decision-making subject. Freedom of choice gives rise to a sense of security, confidence in the future. Hence the need for alternative technologies of social work with the elderly. Among which are charitable assistance, club work, self-help and self-help groups.

The main tasks of a specialist in working with the elderly:

identification and accounting of lonely elderly and disabled citizens in need of home care;

establishing and maintaining communication with the labor collective, where war and labor veterans and disabled people worked;

establishing contacts with committees of the Red Cross Society, Councils of War and Labor Veterans, public organizations, foundations.

elderly social services

Institutions of stationary social service

Remark 1

Stationary social services are implemented in stationary institutions (nursing homes, neuropsychiatric boarding schools, boarding houses, etc.). Disabled people and citizens are sent to these institutions old age who need constant monitoring and care for health reasons and who have completely or partially lost the ability to self-service.

A special network of stationary institutions has been created for disabled children and orphans. Active work is being carried out to solve the problem of child homelessness and prevent child delinquency.

Children with anomalies of physical or mental development between the ages of 4 and 18 are admitted to the orphanage. Children with physical disabilities and children with mental disorders should not be placed in the same institutions at the same time. The maintenance of elderly citizens in nursing homes is carried out on a paid basis at the expense of the enterprises in which they worked or at their personal expense.

In Russia, admission to boarding schools is carried out when women reach 55 years old, men - 60 years old; persons with I or II group of disability and have reached the age of majority. Persons in need of residential care are accepted only on condition that they do not have able-bodied parents or children who are obliged to support them according to the law.

Only disabled citizens with the corresponding disability group (I, II) aged 18 to 40 years old are admitted to boarding schools for the disabled, provided that they do not have able-bodied parents or children who are required to support them according to the law.

In psycho-neurological boarding schools there are people with chronic mental illnesses who need everyday services, care, and medical assistance. Reception of such citizens is carried out regardless of whether they have relatives who are obliged to support them or not.

For the elderly and disabled without a fixed place of residence, specialized institutions are being created:

• social hotels,
• social shelters,
• social adaptation centers, etc.

In such institutions, food, medical care, accommodation (temporary place of stay) are provided, special measures are taken for the social adaptation of citizens who have lost social ties to the new conditions of life in society.

Services provided by stationary social service institutions

The state guarantees the provision of social services in stationary social security institutions to disabled and elderly citizens. These services include:

1. Material and household services. They include the provision of living space, cultural and community services, the organization of medical and labor activities, and rehabilitation measures.
2. Services for the organization of life, food, leisure. Providing hot meals (including dietary meals), bedding, clothing and footwear, etc.
3. Sanitary-hygienic and social-medical service. They are characterized by the provision of free medical care, assistance in the implementation of medical and social examination, provision of care, rehabilitation measures, assistance in prosthetics, assistance in hospitalization, and provision of the necessary sanitary and hygienic conditions.
4. Helping disabled people to receive an education that takes into account mental and physical abilities.
5. Legal services.
6. Services for the implementation of social and labor rehabilitation, i.e. creation of conditions for the use of residual labor opportunities.

Remark 2

Citizens living in stationary institutions are exempted from punishment. It is not allowed to use physical restraints in relation to the elderly, corresponding to medications, any kind of punishment, isolation. Employees of social institutions who violate these norms are subject to administrative, disciplinary and criminal liability.

The reform of the stationary social security system is focused on developing measures to overcome the lack of places in social institutions, creating acceptable living conditions in such institutions, and moving social service institutions to more environmentally friendly areas.

The procedure for the provision of stationary social services

A ticket to a boarding house is issued by a social security organization after considering an application for admission to a boarding house and a medical card. In the event of a person's incapacity for work, his placement in a stationary social institution occurs as a result of the submission of an appropriate written application by the legal representative.

A pensioner or a disabled person, with the permission of the boarding house administration, may leave the social service institution for up to one month. Permission to temporarily leave a disabled person or an elderly person is given with the permission of the attending physician, a written obligation of relatives to provide the necessary care.

Remark 3

Citizens who are on stationary social services may refuse the services of these institutions, provided that there are persons capable of providing them with the necessary care and proper maintenance.

Special boarding houses are created, as a rule, for the disabled and the elderly, who were previously involved in violation of public order or convicted, engaged in begging or vagrancy, or transferred from the institutions of the internal affairs bodies.

Persons living in nursing homes for the disabled and the elderly who grossly and systematically violate the rules of internal order, on the basis of a recommendation from the administration of a stationary institution and by a court decision, can be transferred to special residential homes.

Citizens released from places of deprivation of liberty who need constant care, recidivists and persons who need administrative supervision are sent to special boarding houses.

2.1 Stationary and semi-residential social services

Stationary social services are carried out in stationary institutions (boarding houses for the elderly and the disabled, boarding schools for the disabled, neuropsychiatric boarding schools, etc.)

Elderly citizens and disabled people who have partially or completely lost the ability to self-service and who, for health reasons, are in need of constant outside care and supervision, are sent to these institutions. In addition, a network of specialized institutions for disabled children has been established.

In recent years, nursing homes have become widespread, the content of which is on a paid basis at the expense of the elderly themselves or the enterprises in which they worked.

Citizens of retirement age (women from 55 years old, men from 60 years old), as well as disabled people of groups I and II over 18 years old, are admitted to boarding schools, provided that they do not have able-bodied children or parents legally obliged to support them.

Boarding houses for the disabled accept only disabled people of groups I and II aged 18 to 40 who do not have able-bodied children and parents who are legally required to support them.

The psycho-neurological boarding school accepts persons suffering from chronic mental illness, who need care, domestic services and medical assistance, regardless of whether they have relatives who are legally obliged to support them or not.

In stationary institutions, not only care and necessary health care, but also rehabilitation measures of a medical, social and medical-labor nature.

Elderly citizens and disabled people living in stationary social service institutions are provided with:

1. material and domestic services (provision of living space, organization of rehabilitation measures, medical and labor activities, cultural and community services);

2. services for catering, everyday life, leisure (hot meals, including dietary meals, provision of clothes, shoes, bedding, creation of conditions for religious rites, etc.);

3. socio-medical and sanitary-hygienic services (free medical care, provision of care, assistance in medical and social examination, rehabilitation measures, assistance in hospitalization, assistance in prosthetics, provision of sanitary and hygienic conditions in the premises);

4. organizing education for disabled people, taking into account their physical abilities and mental abilities;

5. services related to social and labor rehabilitation (creation of conditions for the use of residual labor opportunities);

6. legal services;

7. assistance in organizing funeral services.

Citizens living in stationary social service institutions also have the right to exemption from punishment. Any punishment of elderly and disabled citizens or the creation of amenities for the personnel of these institutions, the use of medicines, means of physical restraint, as well as the isolation of elderly and disabled citizens. The law provides for disciplinary administrative or criminal liability for persons guilty of violating this norm.

An application for admission to a boarding house, together with a medical card, is submitted to a higher-level social security organization, which issues a ticket to the boarding house. If a person is incompetent, then his placement in a stationary institution is carried out on the basis of a written application of his legal representative.

If necessary, with the permission of the director of the boarding house, a pensioner or a disabled person may temporarily leave the social service institution for a period of up to one month. A temporary exit permit is issued taking into account the opinion of a doctor, as well as a written obligation of relatives or other persons to provide care for an elderly or disabled person.

The law provides for the right of citizens who are in stationary social service institutions to refuse the services of these institutions, but on condition that they have relatives who can support them and provide the necessary care.

Persons who are in boarding homes for the elderly and disabled of a general type, systematically and grossly violating the rules of internal order, may be transferred to special boarding homes (special departments) by a court decision made on the basis of a recommendation from the administration of these institutions. They are created mainly for the elderly and disabled, previously convicted or repeatedly brought to administrative responsibility for violating public order, engaged in vagrancy and begging, sent from the institutions of the internal affairs bodies. In addition, they also send citizens in need of constant care, from among the most dangerous recidivists released from places of deprivation of liberty, and other persons who are under administrative supervision.

For persons without a fixed place of residence among the elderly and disabled, specialized institutions (social shelters, social hotels, centers for social adaptation, etc.) are created, in which a temporary place of residence is provided (including medical care, food, accommodation) and measures are taken for social adaptation persons who have lost socially useful connections (primarily persons released from places of deprivation of liberty) to the conditions of life in society.

Social service institutions provide assistance not only to elderly citizens and the disabled, but also to orphans, and are also actively working to solve the problems of child neglect, the prevention of delinquency among adolescents of "social orphanhood", and social assistance to people without a fixed place of residence.

Children from 4 to 18 years old with anomalies of mental or physical development are admitted to the orphanage. At the same time, it is not allowed to place disabled children with physical disabilities in stationary institutions intended for the residence of children with mental disorders.

One of the varieties of social services for the disabled and the elderly are semi-hospital centers created in municipal centers of social services or under the bodies of social protection of the population.

In departments of day (night) stay, social, medical and cultural services are provided for elderly citizens and the disabled.

Semi-stationary social services are provided for the elderly and disabled people who have retained the ability to self-service and active movement and have no medical contraindications for enrollment in such social services, as well as children in difficult life situations.

These institutions provide the following services:

1 organization of food, life and leisure (providing hot meals, providing bedding, providing books, magazines, newspapers);

2 social and medical services (assistance in obtaining medical and psychological assistance, provision of sanitary and hygienic services, organization of medical and recreational activities, assistance in conducting rehabilitation programs for the disabled, assistance in obtaining vouchers for sanatorium treatment, assistance in prosthetics, etc.) d.);

3 assistance in education and training;

4 assistance in finding employment;

5 assistance in organizing legal services;

6 assistance in organizing funeral services.

For persons without a fixed place of residence and employment in the system of social protection bodies, special institutions of a semi-stationary type are created - night stays, social shelters, social hotels, centers of social adaptation. These institutions provide:

2 coupons for one-time (once a day) free meals;

3 first aid;

4 personal hygiene items, sanitization;

6 assistance in providing prosthetics;

7 registration in a boarding house;

8 assistance in registration and recalculation of pensions;

9 assistance in employment, in the preparation of identity documents;

10 assistance in obtaining an insurance medical policy;

11 provision of comprehensive assistance (consultations on legal will dews, personal services, etc.).

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