People of what professions study the population of the earth. Professions related to the assessment and management of real estate are among the ten highest paid. City competition "My profession"

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Average comprehensive school No. 1 im. M.A. Bukhtuev, Kyzyl Republic of Tatarstan

XVIIIschool scientific and practical conference students

Geography in the world of professions

Head: Nikitina N.L.,

geography teacher

Kyzyl,

January 2017

Content

page

Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 3 – 4

Chapter I Geography in the world of professions ………………………………….……… 4

Chapter II Practical part

2.1. Student survey.

2.2. Professions information brochures

Conclusion………………………………………………………………….…. eleven

References………………………………………………………….... 12

Application……………………………………………………………….. 13 – 14

Introduction.

With many duties of a person in society, he is judged, first of all, by work on common good, since the spiritual wealth, the essence of the individual, the measure of consciousness of each is best manifested in his labor accomplishments. After all, work helps a person to reveal his personality, expand his abilities.

In order to understand what a person's concrete real work consists of, it is necessary, first of all, to thoroughly study the content of his work, his profession. You need to know a lot, have not only a general, but also a professional education.

Genuine treasures of skill are knowledge, skill, diligence. To become a real citizen of their homeland, everyone needs to work day after day, rising higher and higher in his skill. And how important right away, at the very beginning life path, without mistakes, start accumulating these greatest human values, regardless of who you want to be, so that, having become an adult, you can realize them with maximum benefit for society and for yourself. It is necessary to take a good look around in the world of work and professions and, from a variety of occupations, choose a job that you would like to do with pleasure. And if you feel called to your chosen profession, you see all its pluses and minuses, advantages and difficulties, then choose it.

There are tens of thousands of professions in the world, different and unlike each other. Some professions are based on physics and mathematics, others are based on chemistry, and still others are based on computer science.

In my work, I want to talk about how geography has become the basis for many professions.

Relevance of the work:

I conducted a social survey and concluded that many do not know why they need geography.

80% do not know where knowledge of geography is needed in ordinary professions;

65% do not know professions closely related to geography;

90% wanted to know.

Therefore, this project is relevant in that it will show how geography is related to most professions, and will help current graduates to decide on a profession.

Novelty of work: of this scientific research is that I presented many professions related to geography to successfully influence the future fate of students by choosing a suitable profession.

Target works:

The study and research of professions, which are based on knowledge of geography, its laws and patterns.

Work tasks:

1) Familiarize yourself with where knowledge of geography is needed in ordinary professions;

2) What professions are directly related to it.

Subject:

Professions directly related to geography.

Methods:

Interview;

Work with printed material;

Working with the library fund;

Processing and systematization of materials.

Expected Result:

I wanthelp students in vocational guidance, expand the range of ideas about professions directly related to geography, as well asto promote the development of students' interest in the right choice of profession.

Geography in the world of professions.

There are many professions in the world that are based on geography. Investigating and studying the composition, structure and purpose of a particular profession, which are based on geographical knowledge and laws, to create my work, I identified the following professions of people:

Agronomist;

Ecologist;

Forester;

Geomorphologist;

Climatologist;

Surveyor;

Cartographer;

Meteorologist;

Medical geographer (epidemiologist);

Landscape designer.

In each profession I have chosen for research and study, certain knowledge and laws of geography and other sciences are used. It is impossible to single out a profession where the knowledge of only one single science would be used. In writing my work, I focused on using the knowledge of geography, its laws and patterns.

And now I want to talk in more detail about professions based on knowledge of geography, its laws and patterns.

Agronomist

Agronomy- the science of the use of solar energy by green plants, the creation and processing of organic matter, which is the source of human existence.

On the territory of our country, agriculture arose in the Stone Age.

Agronomists are faced with the task of increasing the production of durum and strong wheat varieties with a high content of protein, gluten and high vitreousness. He must not only be able to display them, but also be able to control the vital activity of plants. And for this one cannot do without knowledge of geography, biology, chemistry, physics, mathematics, geodesy, meteorology, mechanics and other sciences. The agronomist creates conditions for the life of plants, regulates the water, light-thermal and nutritional regimes, the flow of water into the soil in connection with the period of plant development.

Having studied the composition of the soil and climate conditions, in each specific case, he designs technological methods for tilling the soil, determines the tools for its cultivation, and monitors the timing of the work. Depending on the type of crops, the agronomist determines the system of tillage, planting of plants, taking into account the growing season of plants.

Under the guidance of an agronomist, new varieties are being multiplied, the germination capacity and other sowing qualities of seeds are being determined, and they are being prepared for sowing. He determines the methods and depth of sowing, the seeding rate per hectare. He controls the quality of all sowing works.

During all types of work, the agronomist has to recommend the use of certain implements, agricultural machines, tractors, combines. Therefore, the agronomist must know all the basic agricultural equipment, be able to practically include it in the work.

Difficulties encountered in the activities of an agronomist, adverse weather conditions make it difficult to carry out agrotechnical activities and require the will, self-control, and ability to overcome difficult situations from a specialist.

Extracting various substances from plants, converting them from one to another, determining the content of these substances in plants, making them serve the soil for the needs of plants and regulate their life to create maximum yields - these and other interesting phenomena are in the field of activity of the agronomist, a fascinating, ancient and eternal.

Ecologist

Ecology - the scientific basis of protection environment and rational use natural resources, since it is possible to competently communicate with nature only by knowing all its complex relationships. It is on the basis of geographical laws that laws on nature protection, a system for creating reserves and wildlife sanctuaries, and Red Data Books with lists of plants and animals to be protected are developed. Ecological knowledge is necessary for the development of practical measures for the protection of the environment and human health.

A large place in the work is occupied by research activities.

In experimental ecology, the influence individual factors environment on living organisms is studied under controlled conditions, according to a specific scheme of experience. Various laboratory instruments and installations, phytotrons, as well as experimental planting and sowing of plants are used.

The study of complex and diverse relationships in nature makes it possible to know and understand the beauty and harmony of natural phenomena. The specifics of ecology - the study of living organisms in nature, the observation of animals and plants "at home" - implies close communication with the living world, makes it possible to visit remote and peculiar corners of our country.

There are also difficulties in the work of an ecologist. The diverse connections of ecology with other sciences require knowledge from a specialist in many related fields.

Work in harmful and hazardous conditions. In such cases, the regime is regulated by the relevant labor legislation.

The work of an ecologist has certain requirements. This is good general training, the ability to think analytically, and love for all living things, the willingness to protect them, this is the proverbial observation of a geographer and biologist, so necessary for research in nature. An ecologist must have the ability to convince, scientific and civic courage, especially in the field of nature conservation. Field Ecologists require good health and stamina.

Specialists in ecology and nature protection work in nature reserves, nature conservation institutions, biological, geographical and environmental scientific institutions, and universities. During these years, environmentalists are required to industrial enterprises where they carry out ecological expertise and forecasts, participate in the environmental assessment of various economic activities and projects.

Forester

Forester- first working position forest protection. He, in addition to protecting the forest, participates in all forestry work carried out in his bypass. He also controls the quality of these works and monitors the rules for using the forest.

The position of a forester requires a certain theoretical training in geographical, biological and technical data, which foresters acquire in forestry schools, forestry schools, vocational schools and special classes in forestry enterprises. And yet, some theoretical knowledge that a person who decides to become a forester receives is not enough. There are talents that are manifested only directly in contact with the case. And among them the profession of a forester.

They decide how to strengthen the process of growing forests, how to improve the selection of forest species, how to create industrial plantations of highly productive, fast-growing forest crops. The main goal of the forester is to achieve maximum production from a minimum area.

The forest has to be known thoroughly.

A good forester knows what plants and animals live in the forest, on what soils the forest areas grow, where there are wetlands or forest rivers and streams, and where livestock can be pastured without damaging the forest. The forester will timely appoint a felling of a diseased tree, close up inconspicuous clearings. He looks after bird nests and animal dwellings, takes into account forest animals, and protects valuable plants. The forester predicts in advance where dry hot weather a forest fire could break out and how to get to the place in time without suffocating halfway from the smoke.

O. Dmitriev dedicated his poem to foresters and forest workers:

I treated the trees as if they were smarter, more important.

The trees treated me as if there was no truer friend.

Without them, I seemed tall, huge in my movements, -

Who would I be without them and what would I do without them?

Probably, on a flat expanse, which is sad and naked,

I would have stood with longing in my eyes, or maybe I would have walked and walked,

I would search, not knowing peace, in my own and distant country -

The sun would burn me, and the wind would bring down on the ground,

And the dust would clog my mouth, and I would drink black water!

Only stones would give me a shadow, and I would sleep, squeezed by the heat,

In some dark basement, in some damp pit.

And only in a dream above me it rustled easily in the sky

Green and gold, alive, so necessary to me ...

Geomorphologist

In the taiga wilderness, on the tundra plains of the Arctic, in the mountains and deserts, as well as in the landscapes mastered by man, you can meet expeditionary detachmentsgeomorphologists- researchers studying the relief of the earth's surface, the results of the interaction of the earth's crust with the outer shells of our planet: the hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere.

Geomorphologists study the relief of the earth's surface both in connection with the solution of many economic problems and for scientific purposes: in the search for minerals, in the construction of mines and gas pipelines, roads, for the needs of agriculture and nature protection.

In hydrotechnical surveys, relief is one of the main factors determining the location for the construction of dams and reservoirs. Geomorphologists choose the target of the dam and the thicket of the reservoir, assess the conditions of water filtration, silting of the thicket of the reservoir and predict the development of the banks of the future water basin, which affects the relief.

In field work - when compiling profiles or detailed geomorphological schemes - they often use leveling and tachometric surveys. Photographs and sketches of landforms are used. On their instructions, special types of aerial photography are sometimes carried out.

A geomorphologist needs: a developed eye, the ability to distinguish colors and their shades, visual memory and a developed imagination.

In the office stage, geomorphologists process the actual material, study the results of analyzes, aerial photography materials, satellite images, and interpret geophysical studies. When processing, it requires a non-standard approach to its analysis and evaluation, the ability to think logically and clearly state the main provisions and conclusions in the final report.

The profession of a geomorphologist requires knowledge, geological disciplines and geographical cycle disciplines.

Almost any healthy person can choose the work of a geomorphologist.

Climatologist

The climate of the planet ... The climate of the state ... The climate of the east of the country ... The climate of a small town ...People have long been accustomed to these words, and are very interested in the problems that arise in connection with them. How is the planet's climate changing? What awaits us in the future? How does human activity affect the climate?

All these issues are dealt withclimatologists. They study the role of climate in natural processes. Knowledge of climate features is important for many sectors of the national economy. The rational choice of sea routes and air routes, obtained on the basis of climate, improves the economics of public funds, and right choice places for the construction of sanatoriums can significantly increase the effectiveness of treatment.

The breadth of approach to problems and the complexity of climate problems, explained by the interaction of various natural factors - all this attracts the profession of a climatologist. Doesn't such a typical woman require attention? complex problem, as the transfer of excess water from the northern and Siberian rivers to arid regions. The participation of a climatologist in this work will maximize opportunities and minimize undesirable side effects.

A climatologist needs skills in physical and mathematical research, the ability to conduct research and meteorological observations in expeditionary conditions. And this requires knowledge of geology and geography, physics and mathematics.

A variety of areas and tasks of climate research allows you to choose areas of work in accordance with the inclinations, qualifications and health of specialists.

Climatologists work in the institutions of the hydrometeorological service, in agricultural, medical and service institutions, in design institutes, in the Russian Academy of Sciences, and republican academies.

Surveyor

“People with a spotting scope device on a tripod and staffs are surveyors, whose work we often observe on the streets. They perform an operation called leveling." The field of geodetic knowledge is divided into higher and lower geodesy. Higher geodesy deals with the study of the Earth as a whole, determining its size, shape, gravitational field, as well as the study of theories and methods of geodetic work. The subject of lower geodesy is the study of a section of the earth's surface, its display on maps, and the performance of measurements on the ground for various purposes. First of all, they are faced with a topographic survey to create a large-scale plan of the site of the proposed construction with the application of all existing buildings and structures, underground and air communications.

The work of a surveyor is extremely responsible. Even minor errors can lead to serious material damage.

Meteorologist

The profession of a meteorologist is one of the rare professions.meteorologists- indispensable members of various expeditions. They winter at polar stations, work in sparsely populated areas, on high mountain plateaus and passes, on board ocean-going ships, at airfields, and fly in airplanes and balloons. The main distinguishing feature of the work of a meteorologist requires punctuality, perseverance and perseverance in the performance of everyday, everyday duties.

A meteorologist must know what is happening and can happen in the atmosphere: the movement of cyclones and anticyclones, what precipitation falls and in what quantity, be able to explain various natural anomalies, and much more.

Meteorologists are people with special education. Among them are weather observers, weather radar operators, technicians, engineers and scientists. The meteorological service employs people of other specialties - radio engineers, mechanics, electronic engineers, programmers and computer operators, and others. Without their help, it is impossible to imagine the work of meteorologists.

There are three main specialties in which meteorologists are trained: meteorological, climatological and agrometeorological.

In recent years, there has been a trend towards the development of another specialization - satellite meteorology, which is dictated by the ever-increasing need to use information from meteorological satellites for the needs of the economy.

Who are medical geographers and what do they do?

The word "geographer" is associated with mapping or exploring exotic countries. However, now the scope of geography has expanded significantly.

Medical geographers are engaged in plotting the incidence of a disease on geographical maps, which gives a complete picture of its distribution. Medical geographers combine a variety of social, economic, and environmental information with epidemiological data about an outbreak. Images from space highlight what is happening in the regions of the globe and help to establish what it is connected with.

medical geography- a science that studies the geographical spread of diseases and pathological conditions of a person, the reasons for this spread and the influence of the geographical environment on the health of the population.

Medical-geographical maps are maps that display the features of the influence of the geographical environment on human health, the spread of diseases and the state of healthcare organization. According to the content of the card are divided into 3 groups:

1) Maps reflecting the properties of the natural environment, social and production, conditions affecting the health of the population.

2) Nosogeographic maps show the geographical distribution of diseases and their relationship with the conditions of the geographical environment, and for infectious diseases - the degree of risk of infection by them.

3) Maps of healthcare organizations showing the provision of the population medical care, net medical institutions, sanatoriums, resorts and rest houses.

landscape designer

Landscaping and landscape design can solve a complex of problems associated with the formation of a truly comfortable space around a person.landscape design- a special type of activity aimed at creating an artificial environment on a site or in a garden through the active use of natural components. Landscape design creates a comfortable and harmonious human environment. The scope of landscape design includes landscape gardening, landscaping and landscaping of residential areas, streets and roads, urban centers, industrial areas, agricultural enterprises, historical landscapes, protected areas. landscape design suburban area should be carried out by professionals, and the garden - by a specialist.

To teach the ability to see and understand the beautiful is the most important task of the new educational program in the field of landscape design. The newly created Department of Landscape Design of VSUES is the first professional school of its kind in Far East Russia.

Professionlandscape designerhas a long and rich history. In the 17th-19th centuries, it already existed in Russia and was called not a designer, but a "organizer of gardens and parks."

Specialists in the field of landscape design, candidates and doctors of sciences, members of the Union of Architects and the Union of Designers of Russia have developed a special program that includes the following professional disciplines:

architectural graphics and spatial composition;

drawing and landscape painting;

methods of spatial and computer modeling;

synthesis of the arts;

landscape design;

design of small forms;

soil science and architectural dendrology;

art history;

landscape gardening and urban planning art;

theory of landscape design;

floriculture and phytodesign;

basics of topographic survey and vertical planning;

marketing and management in green building.

This program will develop dynamically in accordance with latest trends in landscape design and architecture.

Cartographer and the latest technology.

Cartographersengaged in the development and creation of various maps, atlases, globes. Cartography is closely related to physical and economic geography.

Toart is used in scientific research, national economy, military affairs, they are used as teaching aids in schools and universities, serve as a means of disseminating information. Cartography methods are needed to solve many practical tasks. The maps are used to navigate ships and aircraft, plan the development of industry and construction, the development of agricultural land and environmental protection measures, predict the distribution and presence of mineral deposits, predict the weather. The creation and use of maps permeates life modern society. At present, cartographic production is based on materials from satellite imagery, on the achievements of automation and computer technology; it uses methods of automatic production of maps from satellite images.

CONCLUSION.

A lot of different professions exists in the world, which are based on knowledge of geography. Of course, it is impossible to tell about everything in one work. I chose the most interesting, in my opinion, professions that are currently widespread both in our country and abroad.

Geography is a lot, it is the expanses of your region and your country, this is our huge planet. When you study geography, you are a meteorologist, and an archaeologist, and a geologist, and a hydrograph, and a topographer, and in general you can imagine yourself in the place of any professional. Is it necessary to study geography, in principle, no, but where are you without geography - nowhere!

Bibliography

1) S. N. Levieva. "World of Professions". Moscow, Enlightenment, 2005

2) B. K. Parchment. "Surveyor". Moscow, Geodesy, 2008

3) G. K. Selevko. "Affirm yourself." Moscow, Public Education, 2006

4) E. V. Pchelov. "In the world of professions". Moscow. " Russian word", 2002

5) G. Ivanov, L. Lyamzina. "How many professions are there in the world?" Moscow. "Enlightenment", 1999

6) Journal "World of Professions", 2004 No. 6.

7) Journal "World of Professions", 2005 No. 8.

8) Journal "World of Professions", 2005 No. 9.

9) Journal "World of Professions", 2005 No. 11.

Application.

Conclusion: According to these data, we see that the most popular professions among graduates of the 9th and 11th grades are to some extent related to geography.

Conclusion: In Central Russia, the climate is favorable, which is why the percentage of agriculture here is greater than in Siberia. But in turn, many types of industry are developed in Siberia. Because of this, professions related to agriculture are more in demand in Central Russia, namely such professions as agronomist, ecologist and many others.

Professions connected in one way or another with geography are increasingly gaining popularity in the modern world and are becoming in demand. Therefore, when choosing future specialty it is worth paying attention to them. You can study at the Faculty of Geology in 24 classical universities of the country and 41 pedagogical universities, which is not so little. This means that there is a high probability of finding a place of study in hometown or nearby.

In contact with

Geography as a matter of life

The science of geography itself is divided into 2 types:

Social geography (explores the country's population and its economic structure)
Physical geography (studies natural processes and terrain features)

There are about 50 geographical specialties in total. Among them are both quite old and traditional, and those that have appeared recently. Geography is closely related to mathematics, chemistry and biology. So upon admission, it may be necessary to pass exams in these subjects. For professions related to social geography, knowledge in the field of social science and computer science is also needed.

If you choose physical geography, be prepared for constant traveling and expeditions. Moreover, they can last from several days to several months. If you love this lifestyle, you can not sit still, then this work will appeal to you. But if you prefer to work in the office or at home, then it is better to turn to social geography.

In the future, perhaps the most highly paid will be the geographic industries associated with the extraction of gas and oil, the compilation of astronomical maps.

List of professions related to geography

physical geography

. A science that studies the relief of the Earth and even other planets of the solar system, including the history of the creation of relief. It is used in the construction of new settlements, sea and river ports, airports, beaches, roads, in the creation of reservoirs and dams. This profession is more masculine - here you need good physical data of a specialist. The work is carried out mainly in the design construction organizations and manufacturing firms, as well as in research institutes.
Biogeography. As the name implies, this specialty is close not only to geography, but also to biology. She studies the animal and plant world of the Earth, in other words, flora and fauna. This includes the ecological and medical branches of geography. They include the study of foci of new types of diseases in animals, plants and humans. You can work in national parks and reserves, during expeditions biogeographers look for certain types of wild animals and plants suitable for domestication, and also select places that are environmentally suitable for the construction of new cities and settlements, as well as mansions.
Meteorology and climatology. These concepts include quite a lot of different areas, for example, paleoclimatology (the science of the Earth's climate in Antiquity), biometeorology (studies the effect of climate on the life and development of living organisms), satellite meteorology (compiling a weather forecast based on data received from a satellite), military meteorology (develops climate weapons), planetary meteorology (studies the climate and atmosphere on others and their satellites). Women meteorologists most often work at weather stations throughout Russia, and weather forecasters are also needed at airports, seaports, scientific oceanographic vessels, and spaceports.
Landscape science. This is perhaps one of the most famous areas in the field of geography. And this is quite justified, because landscape science studies not only a specific area, but a combination of landscape components. These are both small objects and the entire geographic envelope of the Earth. Specialists should be able not only to describe the landscape of a certain area, but also to find out the history of its origin and predict its further development. This includes such specialties as landscape geophysics and geochemistry, ethnocultural landscape science, and the construction of artificial aesthetic landscapes (parks, etc.). The profession of a landscape specialist gives the opportunity for numerous trips throughout Russia and even abroad. And the Russian landscape school is considered the strongest in the world. Possible places of work: environmental firms, landscape design and expertise, nature protection committees of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, natural science museums, botanical gardens, landscape workshops, architectural and urban planning organizations, nature reserves.
. Science deals with the study of caves, the study of rocks and minerals that make up their walls (geological speleology), the microclimate of caves (climatic speleology), living organisms that live in caves (biospelology), hydrology of caves (hydrospeleology), traces of primitive and ancient periods of life man in caves (archaeological speleology), modern use of caves (anthropospeleology) and mapping of caves (topographic speleology). The work is varied and very interesting, filled with expeditions and research. Speleologists work for the military and special services, perform topographic and geodetic surveys, and can be instructors in sports and tourism organizations that organize routes to various caves.
There are also sports and tourist speleology, underwater speleology (studies caves at the bottom of the seas and oceans). Of course, one of the main requirements for a specialist is excellent physical fitness.
. It consists of ocean physics (ocean-atmosphere interaction, acoustics, optics, radioactivity and electromagnetic field of sea water), ocean chemistry (salinity, chemical composition water), ocean geology (rocks and minerals included in the structure of the seabed, minerals), ocean biology (study of aquatic fauna and flora), bottom topography (underwater relief mapping). The bottom of the ocean has been studied no better than the neighboring planets of the solar system, so oceanology is a very promising geographical science. Labor market: hydrographic services, research institutes, marine stations, oceanographic ships, travel companies.
Land hydrology. This is the science of fresh water and the distribution of its reserves on planet Earth. She studies the water cycle in nature, analyzes the rational use of fresh water resources, helps in the design of various water facilities, such as hydroelectric power plants, dams, canals, beaches, water intakes, ports, etc. In Russia, a large number of land hydrologists work at the deepest lake world - Baikal.
Soil science is a science that originated in Russia, belongs to the biological and geographical and studies everything related to the soil. Specialists work in the field of agriculture and construction. This includes the use of fertilizers, the selection of soils for growing various crops, and the assessment of the area for the construction of facilities.

Humanitarian geography

Political geography. Studying politics in some country or part of it.
This also applies economical geography. It studies the spatial distribution of the population and the economy of the country, is close to the economy. Economist geographers evaluate the value of land, look for optimal places for construction, identify the features and problems of the area.
social geography- a combination of history, sociology, cultural studies and geography. Sociogeographers evaluate the labor and intellectual potential of the territory, study the way of life, customs, traditions, mentality of the population, keep records of migration and assess the quality of life of the population.

The text of the work is placed without images and formulas.
The full version of the work is available in the "Job Files" tab in PDF format

1.1.In the worldgeographical professions.

Target research work: The study and study of professions, which are based on the application of knowledge and the laws of geography.

Research methods: Statistical and analytical methods were used for the research.

Relevance. AT recent times there is a change in the set of subjects studied at school. I like geography very much and I would like my profession to be connected with it. Therefore, I decided to study professions that require knowledge of geographical laws in order to decide on the further choice of my profession.

There are many professions related to geography in the world, but which of these many to choose, which profession is the most useful? Of course, all these professions are useful and very important. And to understand their importance, let's look at the most interesting and important of them.

In my work, I want to tell and show you how this wonderful science of the planet earth is reflected in the development of many human professions. I believe that the topic I have chosen is very relevant today, since in recent years more and more new professions related to geography have appeared.

Geography is an important element in all these professions. Geography is the science of the planet earth, its natural laws, the population and its economic activity.

I set myself this goal:

Study my chosen professions related to geography and professional quality needed for them.

Based on the goal, in my work I set the following tasks:

I will do research individual professions about the use of geography.

Conduct a sociological survey of school students to identify the significance of the subject of geography when choosing a profession;

Find out what qualities a person should have in these professions.

1.2. Research methods

For the study, I used statistical and analytical methods. To prove the hypothesis, I developed questions for questionnaires. Based on them, a sociological survey was conducted among the students of our school, which resulted in an analysis of the results obtained and conclusions were drawn about the importance of geographical knowledge in life and in choosing a profession.

Features of the studied audience

Children in grades 9-11 took an active part in the sociological survey. On the basis of which, I concluded that the students of our school understand the need for geographical knowledge in life and in choosing professions.

Research results

To conduct a survey, a questionnaire was compiled from the following questions:

1. Can a person do without geographical knowledge?

2. Do you need geography after graduation?

3. What professions related to geography do students know?

After analyzing the data, I concluded that students understand that geographical knowledge is needed even in everyday life, regardless of their profession. But professions based on the application of knowledge and the laws of geography cannot name much. Therefore, I decided to study the professions that most interested me and tell about them in more detail.

1.3. There are two directions in geography:

1. Physical-geographical - a direction that studies the nature of the earth's surface.

2. Economic - the direction studies the population and its economic activity.

In my work, I chose physics - a geographical direction, since in this direction, in my opinion, the most important professions related to geography.

Geographic professions fall into three categories:

Traditional: geomorphology, agriculture, climatology, etc.

Modern: bioclimatology, tourism geography, geographic planetology, etc.

Rare: volcanologist, meteorologist, oceanologist, climatologist, etc.

1.4. I want to tell you about the rarest and interesting professions in geography.

1. First profession - Volcanologist.

The volcanologist develops methods for predicting eruptions and the use of volcanic heat and hot water for the needs of the national economy. Studying volcanoes is quite problematic. Observation of the life of volcanoes is carried out around the clock. Seismic stations record volcanic earthquakes. These are the most reliable harbingers of the coming eruption. Volcanologists also explore extinct and destroyed ancient volcanoes. The accumulation of such observations and knowledge is very important for geology. In addition to scientific observations, the volcano station also brings other benefits. When an eruption occurs, volcanologists monitor the direction of the ash plume and, according to their forecast, aviators adjust aircraft routes.

In the profession of a volcanologist, physical endurance, an analytical mind, logical thinking, observation, a penchant for the natural sciences, good hearing and vision are important.

Physical Endurance

analytical mind

Logical thinking

Observation

A penchant for the natural sciences

Good hearing and vision.

Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Evgeny Gordeev

2.Oceanologist.

Oceanologists study the waters of the oceans and seas. They investigate their composition, properties and structure. Track the physical, chemical and biological processes occurring in the seas and oceans. You need to be well versed in technology, because. most studies are carried out using special equipment. The depth of the World Ocean is poorly understood, so oceanologists use and good knowledge English, oceanologists have every chance to work in oceanographic institutes in the USA, Canada, Great Britain, France, Germany, Japan

Professionally important qualities:

Physical Endurance

Good memory

Attentiveness

Logical thinking

Love for nature

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazev

Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

3. Ecologist

Modern ecology is a rapidly developing science, its objects belong to very different levels of organization: from the whole biosphere and large ecosystems to populations. Ecology is closely connected with economics, legal and moral aspects of nature management, and politics. Modern ecology is not only a biological science, but, to a certain extent, a social one.

There are several sections of ecology:

General ecology - the study of entire ecosystems and private sections (ecology of plants, animals, etc.); - field ecology - the study of living organisms in a natural setting; - experimental ecology - the study of the influence of individual environmental factors on living organisms using laboratory instruments and installations.

At present, activities that are close and related to this profession are distinguished: environmental engineer, environmental physicist, environmental chemist, safety engineer technological processes and etc.

Professionally important qualities:

analytic skills;

mathematical ability;

logical thinking;

good mnemonic abilities (short-term and long-term memory);

flexibility of mind (the ability to change plans, ways of solving problems in accordance with changing circumstances);

the ability to endure prolonged physical and mental stress in various weather conditions;

a responsibility;

initiative;

independence;

conscientiousness;

observation

adherence to principles

accuracy.

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

SPbSU - Saint Petersburg State University

TPU - National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University

4.Geologist

Exploration geologist and pioneer. He finds and marks mineral deposits on the map, makes a "portrait" of the region under study in the form of diagrams, maps, plans and diagrams. The work of a geologist begins with the study of compared rocks taken from the surface of the earth, from the bottom of the sea or from wells, sampling, and their laboratory study. The geologist must understand whether there are minerals in the area, which ones, how they are located and how expedient their industrial development is.

Work for courageous, decisive and at the same time romantic people. The firm hand of a comrade is the only thing you have to rely on in extreme situations, which are common here.

Professionally important qualities:

Physical endurance.

Spatial imagination.

Observation.

Attention.

Logical and visual-figurative thinking.

Emotional and volitional stability.

Mathematical ability.

Independence and flexibility of thinking.

Ability to work in irregular working hours.

Perseverance.

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

KFU - Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

5.Meteorologist.

The profession of a meteorologist is surrounded by a halo of romance, because they are indispensable participants in various expeditions; conduct observations at polar stations and high mountain plateaus, from aircraft, balloons and ocean liners. However, not romance, but strict objectivity when taking measurements and high accuracy their records are at the forefront of the meteorological profession.

Meteorologists study the composition and structure of the atmosphere; heat circulation and thermal regime in the atmosphere and on the earth's surface, moisture circulation and phase transformations of water in the atmosphere, movements air masses; electrical, optical and acoustic phenomena in the atmosphere. To brighten up some monotony of work allows a great variety and variability weather conditions; each time you have to deal with a new situation and solve new problems.

Professionally important qualities:

Analytic skills.

Accuracy.

A responsibility.

Patience.

Perseverance.

Observation.

Teamwork skills.

Providence.

Large amount of short-term memory.

The ability to predict.

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

Russian State

hydrometeorological university

Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

6. Hydrologist- explores the water cycle in nature, the impact of human economic activity on it; analyzes the regime of water bodies and the water regime of individual territories; gives an assessment and forecast of the state and rational use water resources; participates in the design and monitoring of reservoirs, hydroelectric power stations, canals, irrigation facilities, sea dams, river dams and bridges, ports, beaches, water intakes for settlements and enterprises; compiles catalogs of water bodies

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov - Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov

TSU - National Research Tomsk State University

7. Mine surveyor- a mining engineer or technician, a specialist in spatial and geometric measurements in the bowels of the earth and on the corresponding sections of its surface, followed by the image on plans, maps and sections during mining and exploration work

Below are the universities where you can get this profession:

National Mineral Resources

University "Mining"

National Research Technological University MISiS (Moscow Institute of Steel and Alloys) (NITU MISiS Mining Institute)

1.5. Among professional geographers there were and are well-known generals, admirals, statesmen, writers, TV presenters, journalists... For example:

Nikolai Drozdov (host of the TV program "In the Animal World"),

Alexander Belyaev ("chief telesynoptician" on television),

Ivan Zatevakhin (TV and radio host of programs about animals),

Fedor Konyukhov (famous navigator and lone traveler),

Vadim Glusker (own correspondent of NTV in France),

Alexander Kondakov (general director of the publishing house "Enlightenment"),

Boris Sokolov (a well-known Russian writer on military-political topics),

Jacques-Yves Cousteau (world-famous oceanographer, inventor of scuba gear),

Augusto Pinochet (military dictator of Chile)

Crown Prince Harry of England (son of Princess Diana and Prince Charles)

and many, many others.

Among the abundance of geographical specialties there are "old" and "new", "male" and "female", the most and least popular.

The highest competition at the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University. Lomonosov have such specialties as world economy, geoinformatics, regional policy, tourist geography. And at Moscow State Pedagogical University, the specialty “teacher of geography and of English language". Military geography is taught at the Academy of the General Staff (military weather forecaster, military cartographer, photogrammetrist-interpreter of aerospace reconnaissance.)

Conclusion:

In my work, I analyzed the professions related to geography and found out why they serve us. I found out what qualities a person needs for work. I realized that work related to geography is not only useful and difficult, but also interesting. I think my work will be of interest to many people who have not decided on a profession and may prompt them to choose one of the above. Work results

Many different professions exist in the world, which are based on knowledge of geography. Of course, it is impossible to tell about everything in one workPractical significance

Based on the information received and the conclusions drawn, I plan to produce and distribute booklets about professions related to geography. This will help students decide on their choice of profession and show greater interest in studying geography.

Bibliography:

1. Public Educational Institution "Omsk Center for Career Guidance"

2. Wikipedia.

3. Universities of Russia

4. SHKOLNIKU.ru Metropolitan Career Guidance Center "Reasonable Choice"

Geographers are scientists who specialize in geography.

Also, this word is used to refer to a geography teacher in colloquial school slang.

Georgaff studies geographical envelope Earth - the sphere of interpenetration and interaction of the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and noosphere, its structure, dynamics. The most important subject of geographical study is the processes of interaction between man and nature.

The main goal is the scientific substantiation of the ways of rational territorial organization of society and nature management, the creation of the foundations for strategies for the environmentally safe development of society.

A geographer can specialize in local history, physical geography, geomorphology, glaciology, economic geography, geoinformatics. A local historian collects material about his native land, studies it, and conducts educational work. The physicogeographer comprehensively evaluates natural complexes and determines their suitability for a particular purpose, develops geographical forecasts of the state in which the landscape may be influenced by various causes in 10, 20, 50 years. He studies the relief of the earth's surface and the results of the interaction of the earth's crust with the outer shells of our planet. This is done in the search for minerals, in the construction of mines, gas pipelines, roads, in hydraulic engineering, for the needs of agriculture and nature protection.

The work of a geographer most often consists of three stages: preparatory, field and cameral. On the preparatory stage a problem statement is made, the available materials, maps, results of previous studies are studied, a program of field work is determined. In the field stage, the actual material is collected. All data are recorded in field diaries. In the cameral stage, the collected material is processed, the results of the study are interpreted.

The word geography itself (ancient Greek land description, Earth and write, describe) has two definitions:

A single complex of sciences that study the geographic shell of the Earth and focus on identifying spatial and temporal patterns. The main objects of study of geographical sciences are geospheres (biosphere, atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and soil cover) and geosystems (landscapes, natural areas, biogeocenoses…)

A body of knowledge about the spatio-temporal features of any territory, object, phenomenon or process (geography of continents and oceans, geography of Russia, geography of the tundra, geography of distribution bird flu, geography of karst processes in the N region)

The object of study of geography is the laws and patterns of placement and interaction of the components of the geographic environment and their combinations on different levels. The complexity of the object of study and breadth subject area led to the differentiation of a single geography into a number of specialized (industry) scientific disciplines that form the system of geographical sciences. Within its framework, natural (physical-geographical) and social (socio-economic) geographical sciences are distinguished. Sometimes geographic cartography is singled out separately as a separate geographical discipline.

Geography is one of the oldest sciences. Many of its foundations were laid in the Hellenic era. The outstanding geographer Claudius Ptolemy summarized this experience in the 1st century AD. e.

We can say that a geographer is a person who studies the earth and everything that happens on it.

Geographical culture is most often understood as the culture of geography as a science. The culture of geographical knowledge of both scientists-geographers and the population. In the works “Geographical Culture” and “Geographical Picture of the World”, V.P. Maksakovskii considers these interrelated concepts from the standpoint of modern geography. In geographic culture, it includes the following components:

1) geographical picture of the world,

2) geographical thinking,

3) methods of geography,

4) the language of geography. Unfortunately, there is a gap between mass and scientific geographic culture, as the society is mainly confronted with descriptive geography and has no idea about the language and methods of modern geography.

Exist different kinds geography: physical geography, there are economic, political, medical and others.

There are two basic types:

physical geography

Socio-economic geography

The geographer works not only indoors, but also in open areas; there may be trips to nature (expeditions, field observations, even excursions with students or schoolchildren - if this is a geographer-teacher).

This specialist must be a physically strong person.

The geographer must also know mathematics, physics, geology, and biology, soil science, and chemistry.

Professionally important qualities

Curiosity;

Propensity for research activities;

Eye gauge;

Developed memory;

Good orientation to the area;

Unpretentiousness;

Ability to analyze and think logically;

Physical endurance.

Medical contraindications

Infectious and skin diseases;

neuroses;

Mental and nervous diseases;

Poor vision and hearing.

Ways of obtaining a profession are higher educational institutions.

Related professions

Ecologist, hydrologist, geologist, geochemist, geophysicist, geomorphologist.

One of the poets said that all professions are important and all professions are needed. But always in demand and useful were and will be professions related to the land: geologists, miners, agronomists, environmentalists, surveyors, builders. Let's dwell on them in more detail.

Professions related to the study of the lithosphere

Geologists and Miners – Life-Risking Romance (Professions Related to the Study of the Lithosphere) Geologists have always been associated with the romance of travel, life in tents. But this is only one side of the coin. The heroic work of people of this profession is the study of the composition of the earth, the lithosphere (the solid shell of the Earth), the search for minerals, their development.

Scientific work

Seismologists, scientists. Representatives of this profession are collected, responsible, observant, able to work in a team, not afraid extreme conditions.

Miners can rightly be considered the most courageous and courageous people. After all, every million tons of coal mined costs about four human lives. It is the miners who have to work deep underground and risk their lives almost every time. One of the most highly paid professions, cultivating endurance, requiring good physical fitness, is both the most risky and dangerous.

The oldest professions on earth

The agronomist rightfully belongs to the most common and most ancient. Already several millennia ago, people knew how to cultivate the land, grow certain crops. Agriculture it is impossible to imagine without this profession: agronomists not only grow crops, but also breed new varieties of wheat, apple trees, and rapeseed that are so useful and necessary for mankind.

The professions associated with the land, to some extent, include construction specialties because houses are built on the ground. Also one of the oldest professions, which can be safely called the most peaceful. The secrets of the building craft were passed down from generation to generation, some, unfortunately, have been lost forever, but the palaces built many centuries ago still stand.

The builder is always in good physical shape, stress-resistant, able to bring what he started to the end. In addition, builders will be in demand at any time.

Taking care of the ground and a bit of convex-concave surfaces

Ecologists make sure that the harm caused by mankind to the earth is minimal, they care about environmental protection, they study flora and fauna in interaction with human activity.

The land registry specialist takes into account the quantity and quality of land, its fertility and location.

And the surveyor, who in tsarist Russia was called a land surveyor, studies all the convexities and concavities of the earth's surface in order to correctly design and arrange buildings.

Professions related to the earth and the study of the lithosphere are quite earthly, sometimes risky and difficult. But the one who chose these professions is really always needed and important.