State rules of timing in construction. How to issue an order for a photograph of the working day? Opponents of timing and their arguments

What is timekeeping

Working hours example

How to keep track of time

Why paper timekeeping is rarely used today

How to track working time among office employees

Differences in timing and photos of the working day:

Killer Timing + Timing Template FREE!

Observation and measurement of time spent (timekeeping)

Search results

working hours sample

Activities of a Nurse in a Treatment Room

Nurse timesheet

Are you sure you're human?

Coursework timing of the working time of a procedural nurse

Introduction. Topic: “Timekeeping. The essence of timing and its varieties.

Timekeeping of working time

Timing (map) of working time

Who Should Do the Timekeeping?

Types of timekeeping of working time

Stages of timing

Basic requirements and rules

Order for timing of working time: sample

A sample of filling in the timing of working hours: form

1. General Provisions

2. Timing technique

3. Stages of timing

When is timekeeping required?

Step-by-step procedure for timekeeping

Accountant timesheet sample

How to make time tracking

Appendix 1. List (dictionary) of the main types of activities included in the functional duties of the observed, and codes of labor operations

Annex 2. Observation sheet

Stage 1. Preparation for the study.

Stage 2. Conducting the study

How to track working hours

How to schedule working time example

Timing of working time - observation of a working person during the scheduled time and a certain operation with fixation on a special form.

The measurements of working time are carried out by trained specialists: in case of manual measurement - a standardizer using a chronometer device; with automatic - built-in programs.

Timekeeping is done by solving specific goals: is it calculated correctly wage an employee; for further calculation of the price of services; identification of the period for placing an emergency order.

Accurate measurement of working time makes it possible to determine the time spent on performing work and to draw up a schedule for the distribution of tasks to a specific person until his full load. With the help of timekeeping of working hours, you can measure employment not only work force but also equipment, computer.

Timing of time is a continuous action, i.e. continuous observation. To determine the reason that prevents you from achieving a certain result, timing will become your tool for efficiency.

You can carry out individual timing of working time yourself. Example, you have a goal, motivation, you are limited in time, perform actions, achieving your goal.

Timing of working time is an increase in personal return, the effectiveness of a person who consciously performs work without wasting time. At the same time, great labor successes and career growth are achieved.

Managers of various projects in their work use the timing of working time constantly. Freelancers, outsourcers work on an hourly basis and according to the same system.

Consider, as an example, the work of a copywriter on the article "Time Management" rubles Personal growth, the work received from a regular customer.

Selection of an article in a search engine by keywords; - 30 minutes.
Time to review the article; - 20 minutes.
Time to write a new article; -2 hour 25 minutes.
Editing, dividing the article into subheadings; -15 minutes
Check for uniqueness; - 5 minutes.
Editing the article, if required; -15 minutes.
Transfer of the article to the customer.

Adds up the time spent writing the article:
30 minutes. +20 min. + 2h.35 min. +15 min.+ 5 min. + 15 minutes = 4 hours.

Pure working time equals 4 hours. During this period, the copywriter made technical breaks: 2 times for 15 minutes, which rely on when working on a computer. Preparatory and final time was spent - 15 minutes: wiping the desktop, computer screen, turning it on and off, plus unaccounted moments. Let's say it took 1 hour. In total, we spent 5 hours, but could have spent more time if I did not limit myself in time.

We select an employee with an “average” labor productivity. We warn him about the timing of working time: day, time. Do not forget about the internal state of the employee, his psychological data. As a rule, beginners and workers with experience are not subject to timing.
We outline the list of operations that are subject to measurement. Examples: time to prepare an accountant's quarterly report; preparation of a commercial offer.
We determine the timing of the timing, the number of repetitions - measurements. Example: the number of emails sent to customers per hour, per 4 hours.
Registration of timekeeping on special forms. Typically, such forms are signed by the worker doing the work, the standard setter, the manager, and are stored in the archives of the company or enterprise.

Timing of working time should be done periodically: to encourage the best workers; performance improvements; encouraging employees to work; to reduce overestimated norms when normalizing

There are rules and requirements that must be followed when timing working time:

The observer must choose a place with a large view of the performer, without interfering with him in the process of work.
Exclude all conversations with him, as well as conversations with strangers;
The frequency of timing is carried out, observing the terms of the "collective" agreement of the enterprise, company, informing the management of the time of the event.
Comply with safety requirements during the timing of working hours.
Timely warn the employee about the timing.
The observer must be qualified: to have the methods of timing, not to push the performer during work.
The issued form of timing of working hours should not have corrections.

Currently, most companies, organizations, their employees carry out labor activity at computer. With the help of special programs, it is possible to monitor the work of subordinates.

Yaware.TimeTracker service recording accuracy up to 1 minute within one week, around the clock. Works in the background, without interfering with the worker to do the main work. The employee's working hours are tracked.
With the help of the OfficeMETRIKA program, employees who hang out during working hours, on forums and social networks are determined.
A biometric system called BioTime has high speed, takes into account working hours and access control.
The program "Time sheet" has a user-friendly interface, no training is required. In a few minutes, the timesheet is filled out. Stored for a long time in the computer.

Timing of working time is the identification of a reserve of personal time, due to which it is possible to increase labor productivity.

Timing of working time is an increase in the personal efficiency of the manager and employees, a time management system and its distribution during the working day.

Probably, many managers are familiar with the situation when the team is actively working, but for some reason the results of their work are not visible. There are many reasons, of course. However, first of all, it is worth evaluating how effectively each employee in Moscow or any other city does his job. In this case, it is necessary to carry out the timing of the working time. Such an example of a study not only makes it clear how and where employees use their working time, but also points to the reasons for their inefficient work.

Documenting the training of employees is the timing of the working day. To obtain the true results of the study, the fixation of events must be carried out for at least one to two weeks. Based on the data obtained, it is necessary: 1. carry out a complete analysis of the information; 2. identify which operations of surrounding employees take a lot of time, but do not give any effect; 3. develop innovations; 4. implement the desired changes.

In most cases, timekeeping is used as an important tool to find out why intensive work does not produce the expected results. Timing of working time helps to determine whether there is an effect of the work of the team and what it is.

How to keep timekeeping of working time, everyone decides for himself, the main thing is that absolutely all classes are recorded reliably and truthfully. To record classes, you can use the classic version of the journal in paper form, or keep your observations and record everything in a spreadsheet on a computer. If we are talking about a paper form, then the following indicators will be mandatory points for fixing: 1. the time the employee started work; 2. the time when the employee finished his work; 3. the name and essence of the work that he performed for a certain time.

The classical paper form of timekeeping of working time has significant disadvantages: 1. First, the recording process is laborious and time consuming. In the classical understanding of this process, three constant indicators are involved: paper, pen and timer.2. Secondly, there is an impact on the overall operation of the company. If you instruct a colleague to make the timing of his working day on his own, then he will be more distracted by recording than by work. If you allocate a separate employee for this occupation, then perhaps due to lack of competence in a particular issue, he may give an incorrect assessment of the work of his ward.3. Thirdly, mass computerization of labor. An ordinary office worker spends the whole day at a computer, so it is very difficult to assess how efficiently he works with a particular task. As you can see, there are more minuses from such work than pluses.

In the era of mass use of computers, both for personal use and when there is a workflow, it is advisable to carry out automated timekeeping using the Yaware.Online time tracking service. Why such a system is effective for analyzing a modern office: 1. accurate records of everything that the employee was doing on the work computer (literally up to 1 minute); 2. fixing the moment when an employee switches to another business. This result helps to evaluate the ability of an employee to focus on one thing. Indeed, in order to return to the previous task, after a pause, it will take at least 15 minutes of working time; timekeeping is carried out around the clock; 3. The user-friendly interface of the program allows you to record all indicators in the background, which will not distract employees from their normal work. Already after the first two weeks of observation, it will be possible to see the effectiveness of each of the employees of the company.

In addition to the above methods for analyzing the cost of working time, you can use another approach - timing and photography of the working day. Perhaps many perceive these two similar concepts as synonyms, but in fact there are significant differences between them.

1. for timing, a self-selected period of time is used, i.e. timing of working time, for example, a day, a week, a month. Photography of working time is a more formal event, since the employer often acts as the organizer, and not you yourself; 2.

during timekeeping, you have the opportunity to independently choose the option of recording data (paper or automated) and the method of analyzing the received data. The photograph provides predetermined options in the form of a table, protocols or forms. Thus, the whole process is regulated by procedures approved by responsible persons. As you can see, in fact, timing and photography of the working day are two completely different processes. For a correct organization, the entire period of the study is divided into a number of stages: 1. Preparatory stage: the study specifications conducting, determining the timing of the study, determining the object and the order of "photographing" .2. Stage of photographing: the date of the beginning of the procedure is issued by order, the staff is notified and briefing is carried out.3. Data analysis stage: identifying the most costly operations, the longest periods of inactivity or downtime, determining those actions that are currently in short supply.4. The optimization stage involves the development of solutions aimed at eliminating the defects identified in the process of research in the use of working time.

Thus, the timing and photography of the working day are essential for the effective distribution of production processes during the working day among all employees of the company, in order to maximize the self-realization of each and achieve the main common goal.

After filling in the front side of the card and carrying out all the preparations for timing, they begin directly timing , that is, the measurement of time spent on the elements of the operation recorded in the list of observations. Usually, for timekeeping, special one-hand or two-hand stopwatches with second and minute divisions of the dial are used, which allow more accurate counting of the duration of individual techniques.

Processing the results of observations recorded in the decimal system requires much less time.

Depending on the purpose of timing and the nature of the work being done, observation can be continuous (continuous) or selective.

At continuous timing during the observation period, all the phenomena that are studied are taken into account and measured, with selective observation - only a part of homogeneous phenomena that are detected during observation.

In the practice of timekeeping, there are three timing methods:

selective, according to separate readings of time spent;

continuous, according to the current time;

cycle.

Records of the duration of the individual elements of the operation, obtained in the process of timing, are subject to processing. If the timing was carried out according to the current time, then the duration of each reception (element of the operation) is preliminarily determined by subtracting from the readings of the current time from this reception the indications of the current time of the previous reception. At selective timing for individual readings the duration of each reception is determined in the process of observation.

As a result of the performed calculations, from each reception (element of the operation) we obtain a series of numbers, any of which represents the recorded duration of a given appointment. Such a series of durations of individual measurements is called time series (chronologically); their number is equal to the number of steps (elements of operations) into which the operation was divided for observation.

In any time series there are some fluctuations (sputtering) of its durations. In most cases, these fluctuations are inevitable and natural. They are caused by the fact that when performing certain elements of the operation, it is impossible to maintain the absolute stability of the factors that affect the duration of the movements that make up this element, as well as the repetition of these movements by the worker at exactly the same time.

On the amount of sputtering of the time series, in addition to factors that depend on the worker (qualification, degree of mastery of this operation), organizational and technical factors (type of production, repeatability of products, stability technological process, state of labor organization, etc.). The relative magnitudes of these fluctuations characterize the degree of stability of the chronological series , that is stability of the conditions in which this element of the operation was performed.

The degree of stability of the time series determined time sequence stability factor kst, which in practical work is usually defined as the relationship maximum duration operation element tmax to minimum duration tmin, that is

Kst = tmax / tmin. (8.2)

The value of the stability coefficient of the time series varies depending on the duration of the operation element and the nature of the work performed.

The shorter the duration of the element of the operation, the greater the probability of sputtering of the chronological sequence and, obviously, the greater should be the normal stability coefficient. Machine operations are characterized by a more stable rhythm of work than manual operations, so the normal coefficient of resistance for machine work should be more stringent. The stability of the conditions under which one or another element of the operation is performed depends on the repeatability of the operation, that is, on the type of production. Therefore, in mass production, more stringent requirements are put forward for the stability of the time series than in serial and small-scale production. In mechanical engineering and in a number of other areas of industry, indicators are used to assess the stability of the chrono-series, given in Table. 8.1.

For elements of the main machine time, the stability factor should not exceed 1.2 for receptions less than 0.1 minutes and 1.1 for receptions more than 0.1 minutes for all types of production.

In addition to normal fluctuations in the duration of the elements of operations, significant deviations from their average duration can occur in the time series, which arose either as a result of either an inaccuracy in timekeeping made by the observer, or as a result of deviations from the normal execution of the elements of the operation. That's why measurements for which in the list of observation of timing there are marks about deviations from the normal conditions for performing an element of the operation or for which the observer has reason to believe that they are the result of inaccuracies in timing, are removed from timing.

Table 8.1

Normalizers then rationalize the time: if there is a possibility, a partial replacement of elements is proposed self made to the machine. The timing of the nurse's working time for making one injection showed that it is necessary to spend 2.2 minutes. The result was obtained by dividing the sum of the average duration of each element by 60 seconds. If not divided by 60, then the value will be in seconds. Timing Goals

Obtaining data for the development or adjustment of regulations. In 2014, in order to update industry standards in Russia, a doctor’s working hours were timed, the results of which revealed that, on average, it takes 5.5 minutes to see a patient.

Number of measurements 200 100 60 40 30 20 15 10 8 5 Data processing human factor and defective measurements are not ruled out, which should be noted during timing. When processing the results, they must be deleted. After the defective measurements are removed from the register, the duration of each component of the operation is calculated and time series are formed. If you look at the timing of working time (a sample is given below), you can see that the time series is the time for each element of the operation and observation.

For example, for an injection by a nurse, the time series is represented by numbers in Table 2.

In case of violation of the technology of performing manipulations, the observation number of this element of the study is entered in the column “Observer's remarks”. The average standard time is the goal of the time study. It is calculated by dividing the sum of the duration by the number of measurements taken.

Further in table. 3 is an observation list of five days of activity of a procedural nurse surgical department, its second part. Table 3 Observation time sheet Name of work procedural matter Observer's remarks Average duration (min.) No. Research element Duration time (min.) 1 2 3 4 5 1. Transfer and reception of shifts 10 12 9 15 11 11, 4 2.

Personnel training 21 25 15 20.3 3.

Discussion of patients' problems 8 9 8 10 9 8.8 4. Participation in morning conferences 5 7 3 4 5 4.8 5. Delivery and acceptance of instruments at the CSO 30 25 27.5 6.

Preparing for work 5 4 7 3 4 4.6 7. Preparing disinfectants, washing hands, putting on a gown 5 5 6 5 6 5.4 8. Calling patients to the office 3 4 3 5 3 3.6 9. Taking blood for examination 30 25 30 20 30 27 10. Accompanying blood tests to the laboratory 10 15 13 10 14 12.4 11.

Receipt and distribution of medicines 16 20 25 20.3 12. Preparation of solutions, collection of systems 60 55 42 45 50 50.4 13. Venepuncture 40 57 45 57 52 50.2 14. Lunch 20 21 22 20 20 20.6 15.

Attention

Assistance to the doctor in placing a subclavian catheter 15 19 15 16.3 16. Calling patients to the office 5 4 5 3 5 4.4 17. Injections: s / c, / m, / in 20 25 22 20 21 21.6 18 Washing of instruments, preparation for delivery to the CSO 9 13 10 9 7 9.6 19.

Office cleaning 10 10 9 15 11 11 20. Quartz treatment 10 10 10 10 10 10 21. Delivery and receipt of sterile solutions in a pharmacy 35 30 45 35 40 37 22. Short rest 15 15 15 15 15 15 23.
If a study of the time costs of all elements of the operation is carried out, this is a continuous timing of working time. An example of the use of such a labor rationing tool can be found at any plant. In the case of studying individual elements production process selective timing is used.

For example, looking at labor costs medical worker, this may be an account of the time spent on making an injection. It is expedient to carry out the timing of working time half an hour after the start of the shift and one hour before its end. Then the time costs will reflect accurate information, because they were measured during the period of increased and decreased productivity.

Ancillary activities are in second place in terms of time (80.6 min.), Partially this time can be distributed among other employees. For example, the training of staff and the receipt of medicines can be carried out by a senior nurse, washing of instruments by a nurse. Next in descending order are other activities. According to estimates, it takes more than one hour to cross the territory of the hospital (CSO, pharmacy).

Unproductive lunch time, personal hygiene, rest only 35 minutes in an eight-hour work day. But even in this personal time there is some work.

For effective management resources need their analysis. To conclude about rational use of the allotted time for the performance of labor duties by the employee, rationing specialists conduct timekeeping of working time. With the help of such a study, 2 tasks are solved: the actual costs of performing labor operations are determined and the structure of time costs in a work shift is established.
Based on the information received, time standards are developed. Working time Working time consists of the cost of fulfilling work obligations and breaks for rest. The time spent on fulfillment of labor obligations is the sum of the time spent production tasks and the time of carrying out operations that are unusual for the employee, that is, those that can be avoided.
Preparation and timing

Familiarization with the researched operation.
Definition of fixing points, i.e. differentiation of an operation into elements.
The study of the organization of the researched workplace.
Creation of conditions for the continuous completion of the process.
Entering information in the form for the description of the operation.

The observation begins with a trial moment of the study in order to approximately know the duration of the components of the operation. The number of observations can be determined from normative tables by comparing known data: type of production, duration of operation. To time the nurse's working time and find out the number of measurements, you can use Table No. 1. Table No. 1 Operation duration, min.
Table No. 2 No. Name of the element Fixing points Observation/duration, sec 1 2 3 4 5 1 Removing the syringe from the package, connecting the body with the needle Click to install the needle 8 7 9 10 8 2 Opening the ampoule, filling the syringe with a solution and removing air from the syringe Isolation from solution needles 30 25 32 33 28 3 Wetting cotton wool with alcohol, wiping the injection site, inserting the needle into muscle tissue Smell of alcohol 40 38 37 41 40 4 in practice, the table for rationing the time for one injection by a nurse should contain 20 measurements, since the time spent on the entire operation is 2 minutes. As an example, for greater clarity, the number of observations has been reduced to five.
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GT; Do A then such a record? It is a document of some fragment of time. This document can be thrown away immediately, but it can also survive the centuries.
I. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORKPLACE OF A LABORATORY HISTOLOGIST
II. TOWER AT THE ABYSS OF TIME
II. Duration of official (working) time
II.4. How much time is required for graduation?
III. DISTRIBUTION OF STUDY TIME
L length of the working stroke of the cutter, mm;

Course work

Topic: “Timekeeping. The essence of timing and its varieties.

Checked Completed

teacher student group Ek-319

Pyatyshina L.V. Guseva N.V.

Yekaterinburg

Introduction. 3

The essence and purpose of timing. four

Stages and technique of timing. 7

Photo timing.. 15

Practical part. 17

Conclusion. 23

Introduction

The study of the cost of working time is of great importance, because. Based on the information obtained as a result of it, most of the tasks related to the organization of labor and its regulation are solved.

Research is carried out in order to determine the structure of operations, the cost of working time, rationalization of methods and methods of work, identifying the reasons for non-fulfillment of norms, irrational costs and loss of working time, obtaining data on factors affecting the execution time of elements of operations, developing regulatory materials, assessing the quality of norms and regulations, as well as for other tasks.

The study of the labor process involves the analysis of all its characteristics that affect labor costs and the efficiency of the use of production resources. Working conditions, applied technology, organization and maintenance of the workplace, as well as vocational, psychophysiological, social characteristics workers and other factors. Methods for obtaining and processing information are selected based on the objectives of the study. Optimal is the minimum of the total costs associated with obtaining necessary information and its subsequent use. Of greatest importance is the solution of two problems related to the study of labor processes. The first is related to the determination of the actual time spent on the execution of elements of operations. The second - with the establishment of the structure of time spent during the work shift or part of it. Determination of the duration of the elements of the operation is necessary for the development of time standards, the choice of the most rational methods of work, the analysis of norms and standards. The structure of working time costs is used in the development of standards for preparatory and final time, workplace maintenance time, assessment of the use of working time, analysis existing organization labor.

The essence and purpose of timing

Timing is a method of studying the cost of operational time. The study is carried out directly at the workplace by measuring the elements of time during observation and analyzing the conditions for performing cyclically repeating elements of the operation. Timing should be considered primarily as a method of studying the operations of the workflow in order to rationalize them.

In a chronometric study, the operation is divided into its constituent elements, the duration of the execution time of the elements (techniques, complexes of techniques, etc.) is measured; analyze the structure of the operation and factors affecting the duration of the execution of its elements.

The results of processing and analysis of timing data make it possible to design a rational structure of the operation, identify the most rational combination of duration factors and, on this basis, determine the optimal level of expenditure of main and auxiliary time for individual elements and the operation as a whole.

Timekeeping is widely used to study and summarize the methods and techniques of advanced workers for the purpose of dissemination; when developing operational time standards for manual and machine-manual elements of the operation; to determine the operational time in setting the norms of labor costs by analytical methods. Timing allows you to identify unnecessary and incorrect movements that increase the time spent and increase fatigue; identify the possibility of overlapping and combining individual elements of the operation. Analyzing work using timing production lines in order to more accurately synchronize the flow; analyze multi-machine service for its possible development; identify the reasons for non-compliance with the norms by individual workers for the cost of operational time.

Chronometric observations carried out in order to use the obtained data for the development of norms and standards must be carried out on operations performed under optimal organizational, technical, sanitary, hygienic and psychophysiological conditions by experienced workers when receiving products High Quality. Due to the fact that the duration of the execution of elements of operations by individual workers also depends on their individual psychophysiological characteristics, since 1971, experiments have been carried out at enterprises in a number of industries of the USSR to develop a method for processing the results of chronometric observations that take into account not only the average length of time spent by workers on performing operations, but also the efficiency of their work. At the same time, the level of labor efficiency of individual workers is determined on the basis of specially established physiologically justified standards. labor elements which the worker must perform at the established pace of work. It is assumed that work at the pace provided for by such standards does not affect the deterioration of his health and is regarded as normal labor efficiency (labor efficiency coefficient Keff = 1).

If a worker, due to his individual psycho-physiological abilities, works at a pace higher than that provided for by the standards, then the efficiency of his work is considered higher than normal and is estimated by a coefficient greater than one.

The use of labor efficiency coefficients in processing the results of timing involves fixing, in addition to the time spent on performing the elements of the operation, during the observation, the level of labor efficiency of the performer during the execution of these elements. Average normative coefficient The intensity of the observation as a whole is determined by weighting by the number of repetitions (frequencies) in the time series.

The most common Kef value is taken into account to correct the actual time spent on the execution of the operation element.

The result obtained is called the normal execution time of the operation element.

With the help of labor efficiency coefficients, the time spent during chronometric observations is recalculated in order to determine the optimal duration of the operation elements.

As you can see, the most common time duration is 0.3 min and Keff = 1.1. These indicators can be taken to determine the normal duration of the elements of the operation. It is equal to: 0.3 1.1 = 0.33 min. In a similar manner, the normal time can be calculated for all other elements, and then for the operation as a whole.

There are three ways of timing:

— continuous - according to the current time, when all elements of operational time are measured, cyclically repeating in a certain order; — selective - when individual elements (methods of work) of the operation are measured, regardless of their sequential execution;

— cyclic - when the time spent by the elements of the operation, combined into groups with different composition of the elements under study, is fixed.

Timekeeping of working time helps to properly track and record the employee's working time. We will tell you how to correctly compose the timing, what information it should include, who has the right to conduct it, and how to fill out the sample, we will tell further.

Timekeeping of working time(map) is a way to study the time spent on performing a certain action by an employee. Most often, it is used as one of the tools for optimizing the working system in enterprises of mass and mass production, where periodically repeating elements of the operation are distributed.

The main goals pursued during the implementation:

Development of time unit standards for execution certain types actions.
Conformity assessment current regulations quality requirements for the work performed.
Determination of optimal labor methods.
Identification of the reasons for non-compliance with existing norms.
Improving the labor process in the workplace.

In this way, working time clock(chronomap) allows you to determine the reasons for not achieving the desired result and eliminate them in a timely manner.

It is necessary to take into account the fact that time keeping of working hours is not mandatory under current legislation, that is, the employer is free to independently determine the appropriateness of implementing this procedure.

Timekeeping of working time can carry out:

full-time standardizers (observers);
non-core specialists to whom this duty is assigned by the relevant order of the head.

In addition, the employee may working time clock independently, but the following points must be taken into account:

additional waste of time due to fixing the results of measurements;
possible research bias.

There are several types of timing:

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Continuous - the study of the entire workflow, including its systematic repetition.
Cyclic - conducting research when measuring cyclically repeated operations of short duration.
Selective - measurements of time to perform individual operations, regardless of their cyclicity and frequency of repetition.
Photochronometry - the study of the time spent on certain activities in combination with photographing the process.

Procedure working time clock involves the following steps:

Training. At this stage, the choice of the object of research is made, depending on the goal:
- Establishing a time limit. In this case, groups of workers whose overall level of productivity will be between medium and high will be investigated.
- Development of standards. In this case, the objects of study will be employees with sufficient knowledge, qualifications and with the best performance.
- Learning from best practices. The objects of research will be employees who have demonstrated the most effective performance.
- Establishment of norms for the failure to develop a plan. In this case, the objects of research will be employees who do not fulfill the plan or behind schedule.
Familiarization with the transaction for which you want to conduct working time clock. This information is shown on the map.
Establishment of the elements of operations, that is, the beginning and end, as well as the circumstances indicating this.
Specify the required number of measurements.
Conducting explanatory work with employees in order to explain the need for working time clock.
Direct conduct working time clock.

When implementing working time clock the place of the observer should be located in such a way that he could see the entire production process, as well as all the actions performed by the employee in respect of whom the check is being carried out. But at the same time, contact between the employee and the observer should be completely excluded or minimized.

The employee for whom the decision has been made working time clock must be notified in advance.

In addition, the safety regulations and the provisions of the collective and employment contracts regulating the process of informing about the upcoming briefing and the procedure for its conduct.

The final sheet of the chronocard should not contain corrections and blots.

Prior to the start of work, the employer independently determines how to entrust employees with measuring working hours, one of which may be the issuance of an appropriate order.

Since there are no specific requirements for the execution of an order at the legislative level, it is drawn up in a free form.

This document is approved by the head of the enterprise and is given for familiarization to all interested parties- employees who are responsible for timing, employees - subjects of verification, etc.

As a rule, the document consists of several sections that regulate the will of the head regarding:

taking measurements in a particular department, structural unit etc.;
the creation of a commission responsible for carrying out this procedure;
indication of the time frame during which research is required;
special instructions that are required to be carried out by the heads of departments in pursuance of the assignment;
appointment of persons responsible for the execution of the order;
signatures of persons involved in the execution of the order.

Download a sample order for holding working time clock you can follow the link: timing order.

Sample Sample working time clock(chronocards) can be compiled independently, while you must specify the following information:

Business name.
Details of the person who will be measured, such as:
- FULL NAME.;
- speciality;
- work experience in the specialty;
- general work experience.
Date of measurements.
Start and end time of measurements.
The name of the operation as a whole.
What actions of the employee will be recorded.
In what units of measurement will measurements be taken?
Full name of the observer.
Final counts.

You can download a sample chart by following this link: timing working hours - sample.

Timekeeping of working time This is one of the ways to optimize work in enterprises. It calculates the time required to complete a specific action.

This form can be printed from MS Word (in page layout mode), where the viewing and printing settings are set automatically. To switch to MS Word, press the button.

Approximate form


	I approve
	Supervisor medical organization


	"__" __________ 20__

Regulations on the timing of working hours of medical workers of a medical organization

1.1. Timing of working time is used in a medical organization to analyze and study the cost of working time to perform consistently repetitive work. Time measurements are used to determine the duration of individual repetitive labor operations of medical workers.

1.2. The main goals pursued during the timing of working time are:

- determination of the structure of the working time of each medical worker (duration of certain types of time spent);

- analysis of the time spent by medical workers;

- comparative analysis the work of medical workers with similar work tasks, and identifying ways to increase work efficiency;

- development of time unit standards for performing certain types of actions;

- assessment of the organizational and technical conditions of workplaces and their impact on the cost of working time of medical workers.

1.3. Prior to the start of timing measurements, the head of the medical organization determines the employees - subjects of timing of working hours (observed), persons responsible for timing, the terms during which it is required to conduct research, drawing up his will with the appropriate order, which he acquaints interested employees with.

The timing method provides for compliance with the rules for its implementation:

2.1. An observer is involved in timing - a highly qualified specialist of a medical organization, well knowledgeable technology treatment and diagnostic process capable of conducting an examination of the volume and quality of the assistance provided.

2.2. The employee, regarding whom the decision is made to time the working time, must be notified in advance.

2.3. When performing timekeeping of working time, the place of the observer must be located in such a way that he can see the entire labor process, as well as all actions performed by the employee in respect of whom timing is carried out. At the same time, contact between the worker and the observer should be completely excluded or minimized.

2.4. Before conducting timing, it is necessary to compile a list (dictionary) of individual labor operations and types of work included in functional responsibilities observed (Appendix 1), which allows, during the statistical processing of materials, to identify the performance of work that is not typical for a particular group of personnel.

Classification of labor costs medical personnel includes 7 types of activities: main, auxiliary, other activities, work with documentation, office conversations, personal necessary and unloaded time.

2.5. The timing of the timing should be sufficient to obtain reliable representative data on labor costs for all labor operations.

2.6. The data obtained on the time spent by a medical worker are entered into a sheet (map) of chronometric observations, where the order and name of labor operations and labor costs are recorded for the current time (Appendix 2). It should not contain corrections, the entries must be made using a technique that does not allow corrections.

2.7. In the process of timing, compliance with safety requirements must be ensured.

The study of the cost of working time is carried out in four stages:

3.1. Preparing for Observations

During preparation for the work, the observer must:

- Familiarize yourself with the observed employees. He must collect the following information from them: last name, first name, patronymic, age, education, work experience (general medical and in this specialty), position held, specialization and improvement, qualification category;

- get acquainted with the regulations on the relevant department and job descriptions of the observed employees;

- study in detail the workplaces of the observed, equipment with everything necessary for work;

- prepare for work special forms in which the results of the observation are recorded.

Based on the data of the first stage, a list (dictionary) of individual labor operations subject to timing is approved.

Medical workers are instructed on timing, friendly relations are established in order to increase the reliability of the results obtained in the future.

3.2. Observations

During the timing, all labor operations of a medical worker are recorded.

The data obtained on the time spent by a medical worker are entered into a sheet (map) of chronometric observations, where the order and name of labor operations and labor costs are recorded for the current time.

The current time, in contrast to fixed time, when the duration of each operation is directly measured, is determined by a chronometer or by an ordinary watch with a second hand, while the observation map marks the start time of each subsequent labor operation, which at the same time means the end of the previous one.

To correctly measure the duration of each operation, it is necessary to set its boundaries, that is, fixing points. Fixing points are distinct external signs that determine the start and end of the operation, convenient for measuring its duration. Each labor operation must have a start and end fixation point. Mandatory requirement is the coincidence of the final fix point of the previous labor operation with the initial fix point of the operation following it.

The duration of a labor operation is determined by subtracting from the start time of the operation following it the start time of this operation.

Each labor operation is coded in accordance with the list (dictionary) compiled by the observer of the types of activities and labor operations of the medical worker.

The serial number of the patient's card is indicated in the sheet (card) of chronometric observations in cases where the labor operation is associated with this patient.

3.3. Processing of received data

Processing the results of chronometric measurements includes the calculation of the average time spent, the determination of the estimated time for each labor operation to complete the study under study.

The average time spent on a single labor operation is defined as the arithmetic average of all measurements.

3.4. Analysis of results

During the analysis of the results of the observations, irrational costs and direct losses of working time are established, as well as proposals for reasonable standards (norms) of labor costs for the intended use are developed and recommendations are formed to improve the performance of the labor operation. Analysis of the results is an opportunity to draw the right conclusions about the state of the medical organization, the adequacy of the workload, the effectiveness of the medical worker, as well as outline a set of measures aimed at improving the use of available labor resources.

The position was developed by:

Attachment 1


Main activities (formed by observer)	Labor operation code
Primary activity (examination, measurements, fulfillment of medical appointments, manipulations, etc.)





Ancillary activities (preparation of the workplace, washing hands, disinfection of tools, etc.)





Work with the documentation (acquaintance, notes, registration of certificates, extracts, etc.)





official activity (official conversation, conferences, participation in the commission, etc.)





Other activities (reading literature on the specialty, talking with medical staff)





Personal required time (meals, personal activities, short breaks, etc.)





Unloaded time (extraneous conversations, being late for work, leaving work early, etc.)

Appendix 2

Observation sheet N __________


Observer
Name of the observed
Medical organization
Speciality
Date "__" __________ 20__

Map of timing observations


Patient card number	Current time	Continue- validity (sec)	Name labor operations	The code labor operation in accordance with
			(what was observed?)	list

Timing of working time is used to normalize the workload of employees. Based on it, personnel officers draw conclusions about the extent and causes of loss of working time. Read how to conduct timing, download a sample of its filling.

Read our article:

Timekeeping, or photography of a working day, is a method of studying the time spent on performing regularly repeated operations, which is most often used in production. During the procedure, the duration of each operation by the employee is measured in order to determine the labor intensity of the work and set production or time standards, calculate product prices, tariff rates with piecework wages.

The research algorithm consists of the following steps:

preparation for the study;
conducting research;
calculation of the time limit for the operation.

Step 1. Notify employees of the need to conduct preliminary work for timing. This may be a protocol order or the issuance of an order to conduct timekeeping in a free form.

Find the sample document you need personnel office work in the magazine "Handbook of Personnel Officer". Experts have already compiled 2506 templates!

Step 2. Generate a list of work to study the timing of working hours based on job descriptions, regulations, technical procedures, technological maps, other documents that regulate the work of employees.

Break each job into operations, where an operation is a part of the production process that is performed on a specific object of labor by one worker or team at one workplace. Detail operations up to the moment when you can clearly and visibly determine the moment of its beginning and end, determine its duration.

Step 3. Define fix points to fix the start and end time of an operation or an operation element. For example, the operation of entering information into a database. The moment the operation started - the operator opened the database. The moment of the end of the operation - the operator closed the database.

Step 7. Form a work schedule, taking into account the number of required measurements, the duration of operations and the number of standardizing employees. Make a schedule as well. Share the plan with all study participants.

Step 8. Designate a Study Owner. As a rule, a specialist in the personnel department or head of the personnel department is appointed responsible. If the organization has a separate division for labor rationing, then a representative of this department can become responsible. Involve rationing employees who will fix the time for performing operations or their elements.

Step 9. Conduct a briefing with raters and employees from the sample: explain the purpose of the study, their role, the rules for conducting the study and filling out the forms. The purpose of this briefing is to ensure uniformity and completeness of the data collected.

Date of observation

Beginning of work

End of work

Step 1. After collecting all the necessary theoretical information, start taking measurements. To do this, you will need pre-filled timing forms.

Timing measurements are carried out by raters according to the work schedule in natural working conditions. In their work they use a stopwatch. The results are recorded in the timing form.

It is possible to carry out both selective and continuous timing. When selective, measure the rates of only one operation separately. With solid - all operations performed in a row.