Can I be hired without a medical examination? Mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations. Can I get fired if I don't pass the test?

Hello! In this article we will talk about conducting medical examinations for employees of the enterprise.

Today you will learn:

What types of medical examinations are established by labor legislation;
For workers of what professions, medical examinations are mandatory and with what frequency;
How to properly prepare for a medical examination of employees of your organization;
What are the consequences of failure to pass the primary or periodic medical examination for the enterprise and for specialists.

Why Send Employees for Medical Examinations

The term "medical examination" in professional field replaced the concept of "medical examination". In fact, both of them mean a set of measures to study the health of an employee, identify possible pathologies and prevent them.
It will depend on the physical condition of the employee how fit he is to perform certain tasks. job duties. To understand whether the health of a subordinate corresponds to the position and paid activity, the employer sends employees of his company for a mandatory medical examination.

Primarily, periodic medical examination necessary for workers in professions associated with danger: firefighters, rescuers, miners. The category of hazardous industries also includes enterprises whose activities are associated with chemical mixtures, biological substances, allergens, toxins, ultraviolet radiation.

The health status of employees of such companies must be monitored in order to avoid a sharp deterioration and prevent disability or possible industrial injuries. If at least one of the factors affects production employees, a medical examination should be organized once a year or more often.

Food workers, trade or organizations Catering, teachers in school and preschool institutions undergo a medical examination in order to maintain their own and the safety of the health of those with whom the employee contacts. In addition, the goals of medical examinations include monitoring the dynamics of the health of employees, preventing the development of diseases associated with professional activities.

The control of this aspect of labor is legally assigned to the head of the company. It is he who is required to determine how often employees must undergo mandatory medical examinations, whether a medical examination is necessary for a candidate before taking office, and other organizational issues.

Types of Medical Examinations of Employees

There are three main types of medical examinations at the enterprise, depending on the time of their conduct:

Mandatory primary medical examination;
Periodic medical examination;
Extraordinary.

Mandatory preliminary medical examination

Preliminary medical examination- This is a one-time examination conducted for the admission of a new employee to the state. Individually, he is given a referral for examination by specialists. The initiative may come from you as a leader, but sometimes a preliminary medical examination is a mandatory step for a conclusion, which is enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Federation. It concerns certain types labor activity. Unsatisfactory results of medical examinations entail a refusal to conclude employment contract with potential employees.

An initial medical examination is required for:

Applicants under the age of 18;
Applicants for hard or dangerous work;
Applicants for work in the Far North;
Athletes;
Employees working with transport (pilots, machinists, drivers).

Managers who neglect this rule risk receiving administrative punishment and a fine for their company. In addition, there are areas of activity for whose employees a primary medical examination is also required. This category includes employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, customs, judges, railway employees.

If during the examination a non-compliance of the applicant for the position on health is revealed, you need to draw up a written refusal to hire. If the applicant refuses to undergo a medical examination, the head has every right to refuse to conclude labor relations with him.

For other types of business, a preliminary medical examination can be arranged at the request of the manager. It is worth remembering that the company will have to pay for visits to specialists. Most often, the entire complex of conclusions about the health status of the applicant takes place in the clinic with which the company has entered into an agreement.

Periodic medical examination of employees

You can choose the organization to which you entrust the conduct of a medical examination. The only criterion is having an appropriate license.

Specialists that employees will need to pass, analyzes and tests will differ for different professions, for men and women, for workers different ages. Nevertheless, the general list of procedures and specialists remains unchanged during any periodic medical examination at the enterprise.

First of all, the employee must be examined by a therapist, then the usual tests are given: general analysis blood and urinalysis. It is very important to include fluorography in the medical examination. It will make it possible to draw a conclusion about the standing of the lungs and bronchi and to identify tuberculosis, which in the early stages is actually asymptomatic.

Mandatory tests include an ECG and a visit to a neurologist, surgeon, ophthalmologist. The examination data is recorded in the medical book.

Mandatory medical examination is provided for a certain list of employees:

Employees of production where there is one or more factors harmful or hazardous to health;
Employees of public catering establishments;
involved in high-altitude work;
Medical workers, employees of sanitary and hygienic enterprises, pharmaceutical companies;
Employees of educational institutions;
Employees whose activities are related to animal husbandry, poultry farms and water utilities.

Regardless of the specifics of your business, all employees under the age of 21 must undergo mandatory periodic medical examinations.

There are activities that require inspection before the start of each shift. These include drivers, before each flight they are required to undergo special tests. Pre-shift medical examinations are also necessary for employees whose activities are associated with high physical and emotional costs (pilots, machinists).

Even if the activities of your company's employees are related to standard office work, the labor code provides for mandatory periodic medical examinations.

This applies to those employees who spend more than 50% of their time at a computer monitor. In this case, you can use the on-site medical examination service: many clinics have mobile brigade, which comes to the offices and conducts the necessary tests.

The rules for conducting extraordinary medical examinations are regulated by law least of all. These events do not have a frequency. They can be initiated by the employee himself in case of deterioration in health, if there is a suspicion that it is related to professional activities.

The second case of an unscheduled medical examination is the recommendations of specialists after the conclusion of a periodic examination. Perhaps the planned tests were not enough to determine the compliance of the employee with his activities and additional expertise is required. Also, labor protection specialists can send all or some employees for an unscheduled examination. Such cases can occur with a sharp deterioration in working conditions, the appearance of suspicious symptoms in one or more employees of the company.

Who pays for medical examinations of employees

The company fully bears the cost of the entire range of measures for the examination of employees. In addition, the employee of the organization for the period of passing the medical commission retains average salary. A personal medical book is transferred to you, as an employer, for the entire time that the employee works in the company.

The cost of a medical examination of one specialist can vary from 1,500 to 5,000 rubles, depending on the region and the necessary tests. Most clinics provide a discount proportional to the staff.

The costs of the primary medical examination for the applicant also fall on the employer. Payment for a medical examination for employment is made in the same way as for a periodic examination. If the health of the candidate does not allow to conclude an agreement with him, the honey book remains in his personal use.

If a potential or current employee paid for the passage of specialists, the legislation provides for compensation for the costs of a medical examination by the employer. To do this, it is enough for the employee to write a free-form application and attach documents confirming the payment.

In the event that employees fail to undergo a medical examination due to the fault of the employer and their subsequent removal from duties, the company is obliged to pay them an amount equal to 2/3 of the salary.

A part of the amount for the medical examination is compensated through the compulsory insurance fund.

Step-by-step instructions for preparing for a periodic medical examination

Since all preparation for a medical examination at the enterprise is the responsibility of the employer, you will need to understand the nuances.

There is an algorithm that allows you to quickly and correctly prepare for a medical examination:

Step 1. The choice of a company that will conduct a medical examination, and the conclusion of an agreement with it. Most clinics are licensed to examine employees. After the conclusion of the contract, it is necessary to choose and agree on the terms of medical examination.

Step 2 Compilation of a list of employees who require a medical examination. This document is sent to the department of Rospotrebnadzor of your district. Indicate in the list of all employees by occupations that are affected by the negative factors discussed above.

Step 3 When the list of the contingent is agreed with Rospotrebnadzor, you will need to draw up a second list that lists the names of the company's specialists sent for a medical examination. Indicate their full name and influencing negative factor. This list also needs to be approved.

Step 4 After assurance, send this list to the company with which you have entered into an agreement for a medical examination. This must be done no later than two months in advance.

Step 5 The party providing services under the medical board will draw up an action plan by date. It usually takes about ten days. You, as an employer, only need to approve this plan.

Step 6 After the implementation plan is drawn up and agreed, you will need to familiarize your company staff with it. This step must be completed no later than two working weeks before the medical examination.

Step 7 All specialists who must undergo a medical examination are given a referral. Its receipt is confirmed by painting. The direction contains information about the enterprise, the medical organization, the full data of the employee, including the occupation, according to the presence of harmful factors. The document is certified by an authorized person of the employer.

Step 8 After passing the medical examination, supporting documents are issued: a conclusion based on the results of the examination and an act. The conclusion is drawn up in two copies. One is transferred to the employee, the second remains in personal map. Four copies of the acts are drawn up by the commission together with Rospotrebnadzor. One of them is sent to the employer.

Employees are only responsible for coming to the medical organization at the appointed time with a passport and referral.

Consequences of not passing a medical examination

The Labor Code regulates not only the frequency and nuances of medical examinations by employees, but also measures for employees and employers if the medical examination has not been passed.

Often the applicant does not agree to undergo a preliminary medical examination. In such circumstances, the employer does not have the right to conclude an employment contract with the employee.

The employer signs a written refusal to accept a job and, if the applicant's health does not correspond to the intended duties, he cannot be admitted to the intended activity.

Ignoring these conditions is fraught with a fine for the company. The amount may vary, depending on the form of the company. For individual entrepreneurs minimum fine threshold 15 000 r., for organizations - 110 000 rub.

What to do if a subordinate has not passed a periodic medical examination? The Labor Code obliges to temporarily suspend the professional activity of an employee.

If the medical examination was not passed due to the fault of the employee, then wage not charged. In the case when the medical examination was not passed for reasons valid or beyond the control of the employee, for the entire period of involuntary unemployment, he is paid the salary part of the salary.

The issued act of the medical commission may state that it is impossible to continue working in the position occupied by the employee. If health problems prevent him from performing his duties, you can offer him another position. The Labor Code also provides for transfer to a less paid job within the company in such cases. If this is not possible, cooperation with the employee must be terminated.

Scheduled medical examinations will help you not only avoid sanctions and fines, but also maintain confidence that all employees can perform their direct duties without risk to their health.

Getting a job at an enterprise, in an organization, each applicant is required to undergo a medical examination. The list of doctors who need to be examined and receive a conclusion may differ. It all depends on the type of activity, on what exactly is to be done in the workplace.

Note

Passing a medical examination, on the one hand, allows the employer to make sure that he entrusts a responsible business to a physically and mentally healthy person. On the other hand, the applicant himself will know whether he is ready to perform the tasks assigned to him. Annual medical examinations will also help to track the dynamics of the state of health.

When is a pre-employment screening required?

The obligatory passing of a medical examination for people of certain professions is enshrined in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (set out in Art. 69,,,,, 348.3.)

The employer does not have the right, according to article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, to hire a person who has not passed a medical examination. It is necessary to obtain a medical opinion in the form of a certificate or a medical book before concluding an employment contract.

Additional Information

A medical examination is needed when applying for such types of work that are related to transport management, interaction with children, with a large number of people, where there is special conditions labor, where crucial decisions or the use of weapons are required.

Who is required to undergo a preliminary medical examination?

Labor Code In the Russian Federation, certain categories of employees are required to undergo a medical examination when applying for a job:

under 18 years of age:
whose profession is associated with harmful and dangerous production;
who work in the food industry;
who provides medical services;
trade workers;
involved in transport;
teachers, counselors, educators, teachers;
working in extreme conditions;
service personnel, for example: waiters, hairdressers, cosmetologists, athletes;
judges, law enforcement officers, other employees of state institutions;
who work in the Far North or in those places that are equated to it.

Such a medical examination before hiring is called primary. It allows you to determine whether a person is ready for health reasons to perform the work for which he is hired, whether he has chronic and hereditary diseases that can affect his health in the future and interfere with the performance of assigned tasks. Such a physical examination also protects the team from infectious diseases that a new employee can bring.

Form

When accepting a new employee, the manager, against signature, gives him a referral form for a medical examination by doctors. The document is issued by an employee of the enterprise in which the applicant is going to work. There is no single sample form for a medical examination when applying for a job. But there are certain requirements for its design. It must contain:

name of the organization, enterprise;
type of activity and form of ownership;
the name of the clinic where you need to undergo a medical examination, indicating contact numbers and addresses;
type of medical examination;
Full name of the person being sent and his date of birth;
the name of his future profession;
risk factors in the enterprise.

Attention

The timing of the medical examination is agreed in advance.

Employer's responsibility

The head is obliged, according to the law, to send the employee to undergo a medical examination, if the position and the specifics of the work provide for such a need. This is a requirement of the Labor Legislation (paragraph 12, part 2, article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation), otherwise the head of the enterprise will be subject to penalties for hiring a person who has not checked his health before starting work.

Close attention is now being paid to medical examinations. Supervisory authorities (Rospotrebnadzor, Labor Inspectorate) monitor compliance with the procedure for hiring citizens and subject violators of labor legislation to penalties. Fines are not small (part 3 of article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

Employee Responsibility

The applicant does not have the right to refuse to undergo a medical examination when applying for a job or any part of it. He must be examined by all required specialists, attend all necessary diagnostic tests, take tests and receive appropriate vaccinations, if required. Otherwise, the contract with him will not be signed, he will not be hired. Women additionally need to visit a mammologist and a gynecologist.

Attention

The fact that the applicant for the position has not yet been hired, is not in the state, is not a basis for refusal. FROM article 69 of the Labor Code provides that a medical examination is carried out simultaneously with the conclusion of an employment contract.

It is necessary to pass a medical examination within the time limits established by law. A person referred for a medical examination has the right to undergo examinations in any medical institution. But, as a rule, the employee is sent to the outpatient department at the place of residence.

Step-by-step instructions for passing a medical examination when applying for a job

If the applicant received a positive response to his resume, then from the place future work he is given a referral for a medical examination. What should the employee do next:

At the designated time, you need to come to the clinic, contact the office from which the medical examination begins (usually, this is the therapist's office).
On the same day, a person receives a referral for diagnostic tests and tests. You can pass them on the same day (if you have time in time in the morning).
Decide on visiting other doctors (as a rule, the therapist gives a recommendation on how to quickly pass a medical examination, without wasting time, which doctors and at what time to come).
Get a medical report or medical book. The medical book takes some time to process, but you can get a certificate from the medical institution stating that the medical examination has been passed, and the medical book itself is being issued.
Bring the finished conclusion to the employer. One copy remains in the personal file of the employee at the enterprise. Another copy is in a medical facility.

Additional Information

As practice shows, a medical examination when applying for a job can be bypassed in two to three days. There is nothing complicated in this procedure.

What kind of doctors do you need to go through?

The standard list of doctors that you need to go through when applying for a job looks like this:

therapist (they start with him and finish with him, receiving a final certificate);
surgeon;
neuropathologist;
ophthalmologist;
otolaryngologist.

You will also have to take a blood and urine test, undergo an ECG and fluorography, for women - additionally visit a mammologist and gynecologist.

This is the standard. But besides these doctors, for some types of professions, an examination of other specialists is also required. It can be a narcologist, psychiatrist, gastroenterologist, cardiologist, allergist.

Help Sample

Certificate confirming that future employee the enterprise has passed a medical examination is the final conclusion of the therapist, issued on the basis of the conclusions of other specialists medical institution.
Most often, a certificate is issued in the form 086 / y.

Certificate validity period

If a person for the first time, then a certificate 086 / y is usually issued. It is valid for half a year. For civil servants, the certificate is different - 001-GS \ y. Its validity period is one year.

However, the employer may request that the medical examination be taken again, even if the certificate has not expired. The fact is that sometimes a person passes a medical examination for one enterprise, and then decides to go to work in another organization. And there may be requirements.

Note

Do not confuse the certificate required before starting work and the annual preventive examination employees. These are different documents and different requirements. As well as an additional medical examination regarding certain professions.

Payment for medical examination at the time of employment

The legislation requires the employer to pay the costs associated with medical examinations upon employment, in accordance with Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Orto return the funds spent on the medical examination to the employee. Moreover, within a period of not more than 10 days from the date of submission of all supporting documents on receipt medical report. Most often, people undergo a medical examination at their own expense in order to receive compensation for the money spent later. Although this way is not entirely legal. The company should pay immediately, and not compensate for the costs later.

IMPORTANT

Sometimes, in practice, people are faced with the fact that no one returns their money for a medical examination when applying for a job. This is a violation of the law. And we are talking about the amount, which for some is very significant. Especially when a person has not yet managed to earn a single ruble, but only gets settled. Depending on the regions, this amount ranges from 1000 to 3000 rubles.

You can try to return the money by writing a complaint to Labor Inspectorate or the prosecutor's office. But job seekers rarely take such a step. However, such adherence to principles sometimes allows them to feel better and more confident in the workplace.

What if an employee fails a medical examination?

Sometimes such a nuisance happens that the applicant did not pass a medical examination. He will be given a conclusion on certain medical contraindications, which can be both temporary and without time indication.

Attention

If health disorders are temporary - no more than 4 months, then the employee may certain period offer another vacancy, and then transfer to the desired position. If the contraindications are more serious, then the employer does not have the right to hire such an employee (). He can only give him an alternative vacancy if there is one.

For the applicant himself, medical contraindications are a warning that this work does not suit him and will lead to even greater health problems. So, you should not neglect the medical opinion - not only by virtue of the law, but also in your own interests.

Can I get fired if I don't pass a medical examination when applying for a job?

According to the law, an employee who has not passed a mandatory medical examination upon employment,. It all depends on the period of contraindications indicated in the medical certificate: more than 4 months or less than 4 months. For short-term health problems, an employee may be offered temporary work in another position. With long-term problems, they can offer a position that allows you to medical indications and according to professional data, the employee to work. Or they are fired, since medical contraindications are a serious reason for this.

Note

If an employee, for health reasons, is transferred to another position with a lower salary, but without a change of leader, then he must be paid the same salary within a month. And if he is fired, then he should be paid everything that is required by law, including for unused vacation.

Nuances

If a medical examination when applying for a job is not required by law, and the applicant passed it anyway, then no one will compensate him for the costs. However, sometimes the employer requires to be examined by doctors, even despite the fact that this field of activity does not provide for a mandatory medical examination. The manager may have his own requirements and criteria for selecting employees. But in this case, the employer is obliged to pay the costs to the applicant when hiring him.

Additional Information

A person does not have to undergo a medical examination in a particular medical institution. The employer can send it to the organization with which the company has an agreement. Or a person chooses where to go. The main thing is that this medical institution has all the licenses for the right to operate and conduct certain studies and analyzes.

Health information is known to be a medical secret. But in the case of passing a medical examination, the employer can and should be aware of the health status of the applicant. This is not a violation of the law.

The list of doctors and necessary studies can be adjusted to a specific region or documented in the organization where the job seeker is looking for work.

This is a rather important event that must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the labor code. AT certain cases Employees are required to undergo a pre-employment health screening. Is it necessary to conduct it for employees working at a computer?

Position for cautious employers

Most employees of the organization somehow work in the office at the computer, while some of them spend more than 50% of their working time on it.

If an employee gets such a job, does he need to pass, even if the conducted SOUT does not require this?

According to specialists from the Ministry of Labor of Russia, it is necessary to conduct a medical examination for such workers. Their opinion is based on the list of harmful and (or) dangerous factors approved by the Ministry of Health, paragraph 3.2.2.4.

Medical examination is necessary in the presence of two factors:

An employee interacts with a computer to enter and read information in a dialogue mode for a total of at least half of his labor day.
At the workplace, the presence of an electromagnetic field of the frequency spectrum emitted by a personal computer was noted.

Most often, these workers include:

Programmers.
Accountant.
Office staff such as office managers, secretary, sales manager, PC operator, etc.
Management staff
Etc.

Attention! For such employees, it is necessary to conduct a medical examination once every two years.

If you're ready to stand your ground

The second position may raise questions. It is possible to conduct medical examinations of employees who work on computers for more than half of their working time only if, according to the results of a special assessment, the place of work is recognized as dangerous or harmful. This position is explained as follows.

According to the list of dangerous and harmful factors, when working on a computer, more than half of the working time is necessary for such categories of workers to undergo medical examinations. AT this case according to footnote "2" above the specified list, it is said that such working factors belong to dangerous and (or) harmful classes, based on the current regulatory legal acts.

Each employer must conduct at their workplaces special assessment to determine working conditions (SUT). Its result will be, according to Article 3 Part 2 federal law No. 426-FZ of December 28, 2013, assessment of workplaces and assignment of hazard and (or) hazard classes to them. Classes, in turn, can be divided into dangerous, harmful, permissible and optimal (Article 14, part 1 of the Federal Law on special assessment).

In this regard, the need for medical examinations will depend on which hazard classes will be assigned to each workplace equipped with a personal computer. If electromagnetic radiation is detected and a hazard class is assigned, then medical examinations will be mandatory. If no harmful factors are found, then there is no need for medical examinations either.

03.09.2018

A medical examination is a complex of medical measures aimed at identifying possible pathologies in citizens.

Workers must undergo such an inspection.

The frequency of its passage, the type and list of necessary doctors in each case is individual.

In this case, the specifics of labor activity play a key role.

Do employees need to undergo medical examinations?

The activities of office workers are directly related to working at computers.

The need for medical examinations is determined by the Ministry of Labor of Russia.

According to the established rules, in this case, one should be guided by working conditions. To this end the employer must evaluate them - SOUT.

As a result of evaluating the working conditions of the place where the employee works, a certain class of danger or hazard is assigned.

Based on this information, a decision is made about the presence or absence of the need to pass and.

For example, if the audit reveals that workplace corresponds to any class of hazard or it contains electromagnetic radiation, the employer is obliged to send the employee for a medical examination. In the absence of harmful factors, the situation is different.

Read also about medical examinations:

In what cases is it required?

The issue of passing medical examinations by working citizens is regulated by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation No. 302n.

The document contains appendices in which the list is indicated circumstances equating to dangerous and harmful working conditions.

If at least one such factor is present at the workplace of an office employee, he is required to undergo a medical examination.

It is important to note that the most common a harmful factor in the case of office workers is working with a computer.

Only specialists of the relevant authorities, namely, experts involved in the implementation of the SAUT, can evaluate the employee’s workplace.

AT without fail office workers at regular intervals are sent for periodic medical examinations if the following conditions are met:

the company did not conduct a special audit to assess the work of employees;
the enterprise carried out a SAOT, as a result of which the experts established the presence of factors that negatively affect the bodies of workers

If the specialists have come to the conclusion that the existing working conditions correspond to the minimum acceptable, the employer is not obliged to regularly send employees for medical examinations.

During the audit, experts assessing the working conditions of employees study the information reflected in job descriptions and conduct employee surveys. Based on this, they draw the appropriate conclusions.

If violations are detected, the employer may be held liable and fined in the amount of 20 thousand rubles.

In order to eliminate the possibility of problems, the management of the enterprise should take care of the literacy of the drafting of the job description.

It is also recommended to indicate the time during which the worker works at the computer and the duration of his work breaks. It should also be noted that the norm for working at a PC in this case is an hourly rest lasting 10-15 minutes.

In addition, information on the need for medical examinations can be found in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. Article 213 normative act a list of employees who must visit medical specialists on a regular basis is indicated.

Which doctors are required?

The list of doctors required to pass is also determined by order No. 302n.

In accordance with the information specified in it, office employees working in the presence of electromagnetic radiation emanating from a computer, must see 2 health professionals regularly. These include:

ophthalmologist;
neurologist.

During the examination, doctors have the right to conduct various examinations. Among the most common are the following:

definition visual acuity;
color perception;
skiascopy;
determination of the volume of accommodation;
ophthalmotonometry;
biomicroscopy.

If certain health problems are identified, an office employee may be removed from their duties.

Contraindications for management professional activity of this nature are as follows:

retinal pathology (degenerative-dystrophic type);
obvious disorders of the autonomic nervous system;
complicated cataract.

How often are they held?

The Labor Legislation establishes the frequency of medical examinations for employees working in an office environment. According to available data, office workers should visit doctors once every 2 years.

At the same time, it is important to consider that for workers, under 21 years of age, different rules apply. Young specialists should be sent for examination annually.

To do this, the direct head of the company must apply to the FSS of the Russian Federation to finance this event.

During the absence of the worker at the workplace, his average monthly salary is retained.

For employees working at the computer

Employees who spend time at the computer are required to undergo medical examinations under certain circumstances. These are:

interaction with a PC in order to enter and read information;
the presence in the workplace of electromagnetic radiation emanating from the computer.

In this case, one more important condition must be observed. Its essence lies in the time spent at the computer.

Working conditions of an office worker can be considered harmful provided that it works for a PC more than 50% from the total duration of the daily working time.

Prolonged interaction with a computer involves such professions:

accountant;
economist;
manager;
programmer;
manager;
PC operator, etc.

Frequency of passage medical examination remains unchanged - every 2 years. The list of doctors required to pass is similar.

Useful video

Are medical examinations necessary? for office workers, described in this video:

conclusions

The labor activity of working citizens is associated with interaction with various factors that adversely affect the body. Even the most harmless, it would seem, profession can be harmful to health.

Each employer must ensure that employees pass medical examinations in a timely manner. Office workers are no exception.

Particular attention is paid to employees who spend more than half of their working time at the computer. In such situations, an examination is a mandatory event that should be carried out at least once every 2 years.

Several doctors should assess the condition of the employee - a neurologist and an ophthalmologist. If health problems are identified, the medical specialist draws up a conclusion in which he makes a note of the need to suspend professional activities.

The procedure for passing the driver's medical examination 2017 Mandatory medical examinations: the main types Labor law identifies the following types of medical examinations:

preliminary

This is a visit to the therapist and narrow specialists and the delivery of tests by applicants for vacant positions in the organization. The purpose of the events is to determine whether a particular candidate is suitable for an open position. For certain categories of persons, a medical examination is mandatory under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, for others it is carried out at the good will of the employer.

Periodic

They are designed to identify possible occupational diseases in the early stages, to identify factors that make individual specialists unfit for work, to help management track the dynamics of the state's health. Is it necessary to pass a medical examination at work? Yes, if the employee is under 21 years old, if his working conditions are recognized as harmful or dangerous.

Medical examination of employees: for whom is it mandatory?

Mandatory periodic medical examinations perform the following tasks:

help to avoid industrial injuries and epidemics;
make it possible to identify occupational diseases at an early stage and start their treatment in a timely manner;
increase labor productivity at the enterprise: it is known that performance indicators depend on the state of health of the staff;
allow you to track the dynamics of the health of the state;
are part of the concept of the company and contribute to the professional growth of staff, etc.

Passage control medical boards legally assigned to the head of the organization. According to the provisions of Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, financing these events is the task of the employing company. The days of medical examinations and tests are not considered weekends or days off, employees retain their average earnings.

Medical examination at the time of employment

The medical book takes some time to process, but you can get a certificate from the medical institution stating that the medical examination has been passed, and the medical book itself is being issued.

Bring the finished conclusion to the employer. One copy remains in the personal file of the employee at the enterprise. Another copy is in a medical facility.

There is nothing complicated in this procedure. What kind of doctors do you need to go through? The standard list of doctors that you need to go through when applying for a job looks like this:

therapist (they start with him and finish with him, receiving a final certificate);
surgeon;
neuropathologist;
ophthalmologist;
otolaryngologist.

You will also have to take a blood and urine test, undergo an ECG and fluorography, for women - additionally visit a mammologist and gynecologist. This is the standard.

Mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations

Attention

If you choose an assessment of working conditions, consult a lawyer or an experienced personnel officer on how to arrange everything in your case. Follow the positions of departments in order to adapt to new trends in time. Rostrud protects the interests of workers and wants them to be healthy.

Of course, it is cheaper for entrepreneurs not to conduct any medical examinations, and these requirements of Rostrud are an additional burden on business. But, on the other hand, health is more expensive. And these requirements are many years old. They were not invented yesterday. It was necessary to comply with these rules and conduct medical examinations even for office employees before.
We might not have written about this if Rostrud had not changed its position.

Mandatory medical examination

Info

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation has compiled a list of professions whose representatives must undergo mandatory medical examinations. The list includes 34 activities. The agency also identified four groups of harmful production factors, which are also the basis for examination by doctors. The draft order published on the agency's website was developed on the basis of an analysis of citizens' appeals.

Preliminary and periodic inspections are carried out for a number of employees even now. However, at present, people's contact with harmful production factors and hazardous types of work is not taken into account. new document intended to fill this gap. Materials on the topic The passage of a medical examination will be mandatory when working at height, maintenance and repair of existing electrical installations, felling trees, in the oil and gas industry, in emergency services.

Medical examinations: the rights and obligations of the employer

This also includes teaching staff; judges, prosecutors, internal affairs officials, state or municipal employees. in force from 01 January 2012. If you do not belong to one of these categories, you can safely refuse a medical examination. But if you are already working, and according to internal document employer ( collective agreement, internal regulations, an order with which you agreed against signature) must undergo an examination - you will have to pass it. If you apply for one of the above jobs and at the same time refuse a medical examination, you will legally be denied employment.

Which employees are required to undergo medical examinations?

It is considered complete when a person has visited all the specialists whose opinion is significant for his specialty, and passed the tests. The medical board issues a conclusion on fitness for the profession. One copy is handed out to the citizen for presentation to a potential employer, the second is filed into the patient's personal card, which is entered immediately after the referral is presented.
According to the results of a mandatory medical examination, when applying for a job, the employing company must present one of the following documents:

the conclusion of doctors with a conclusion about the compliance or non-compliance of the proposed position;
certificate 086 / y - for minor applicants;
medical book - if the job requires it.

An employee who has not undergone a mandatory periodic medical examination cannot be accepted for work. vacant position regardless of knowledge and qualifications.

If you do not organize a medical examination for office workers, you can get fined

This objection is untenable, since the Labor Code of the Russian Federation states that the medical examination is preliminary and is carried out before the conclusion of an employment contract, that is, with the applicant. To undergo a medical examination, a person entering a job is issued an individual referral. The name of the employer is indicated in the direction; form of ownership and type economic activity; name of the medical organization, address of its location and code according to the OGRN; type of medical examination (preliminary or periodic), full name and date of birth of the person entering the job; Name structural unit(if any), in which the person entering the job will be employed; position (profession) or type of work; harmful and/or dangerous factors of production, as well as the type of work in accordance with the contingent of employees approved by the employer, subject to preliminary examinations.

Mandatory medical examination

Rostrud allowed employers not to conduct medical examinations of office workers if there is a conclusion that everything is in order at the workplace with radiation standards from computers. It doesn't really mean much, but it's worth keeping in mind. It seems like now you can conduct an examination and not spend money on medical examinations of secretaries, accountants, copywriters, programmers, managers and call center operators. And then the company should not be fined 110 thousand rubles. In any case, prepare money: for examination, medical examinations or fines By law, all employers must conduct medical examinations of employees when required by law. This should be done before a person is hired, and then, when he is already working.
How often - depends on the position and working conditions, but everything is spelled out in the law. Medical examinations need to be carried out not for all employees, but for many.
Who is required to undergo a preliminary medical examination? The Labor Code of the Russian Federation requires certain categories of workers to undergo a medical examination when applying for a job:

under 18 years of age:
whose profession is associated with harmful and dangerous production;
who work in the food industry;
who provides medical services;
trade workers;
involved in transport;
teachers, counselors, educators, teachers;
working in extreme conditions;
service personnel, for example: waiters, hairdressers, cosmetologists, athletes;
judges, law enforcement officers, other employees of state institutions;
who work in the Far North or in those places that are equated to it.

Such a medical examination before hiring is called primary.

Who is not required by law to have a medical examination?

The agency divided these factors into four groups:

chemical;
biological;
physical;
factors labor process.

Chemical factors, in particular, include contacts with substances that have pronounced effects on the body (allergens, carcinogens, etc.). The group of biological factors includes contaminated and infected materials, pathogenic microorganisms, toxins. Physical factors are electromagnetic or thermal radiation, vibration, industrial noise, weightlessness. The factors of the labor process include physical overload. According to the results of examinations, physicians determine the professional suitability of employees. The employer is responsible for conducting mandatory examinations of his employees. He must enter into an agreement with medical organization who will be responsible for the quality of medical examinations.