Chemical composition gas. Application
The main part of natural gas is methane (CH4) - up to 98%. The composition of natural gas may also include heavier hydrocarbons - methane homologues:
ethane (C 2 H 6),
propane (C 3 H 8),
butane (C 4 H 10),
as well as other non-hydrocarbon substances:
hydrogen (H 2),
hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S),
carbon dioxide (CO 2),
helium (He).
Pure natural gas is colorless and odorless. In order to be able to identify a leak by smell, a small amount of substances with a strong unpleasant odor (so-called odorants) is added to the gas. The most commonly used odorant is ethyl mercaptan.
Hydrocarbon fractions are a valuable raw material for the chemical and petrochemical industries. They are widely used to produce acetylene. Pyrolysis of ethane produces ethylene, an important product for organic synthesis. During the oxidation of the propane-butane fraction, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acetic acid, acetone, and other products are formed. Isobutane is used for the production of high-octane components of motor fuels, as well as isobutylene, a raw material for the manufacture of synthetic rubber. Dehydrogenation of isopentane produces isoprene, an important product in the production of synthetic rubbers.
Compressed natural gas- compressed natural gas used as motor fuel instead of gasoline, diesel and propane.
Natural gas, like any other, can be compressed with a compressor. At the same time, the volume occupied by them is significantly reduced. Natural gas is traditionally compressed to a pressure of 200–250 bar, resulting in a volume reduction of 200–250 times. Gas is compressed (compressed) for transportation through main gas pipelines, to maintain the correct pressure inside the reservoir (reservoir pressure) during injection underground, and the production of compressed natural gas is an intermediate step in the production of liquefied natural gas. Compressed natural gas is cheaper than traditional fuels, and the greenhouse effect caused by its combustion products is less compared to conventional fuels, so it is safer for the environment. Storage and transportation of compressed natural gas takes place in special gas storage tanks. The addition of biogas to compressed natural gas is also used, which reduces carbon emissions into the atmosphere.
Compressed natural gas as a fuel has a number of advantages:
· Methane (the main component of natural gas) is lighter than air and in the event of an accidental spill it evaporates quickly, unlike the heavier propane that accumulates in natural and artificial depressions and creates an explosion hazard.
· Not toxic in small concentrations;
· Does not cause corrosion of metals.
· Compressed natural gas is cheaper than any oil fuel, including diesel, but surpasses them in terms of calorific value.
· Low boiling point guarantees complete evaporation of natural gas at the lowest ambient temperatures.
· Natural gas burns almost completely and does not leave soot, deteriorating the environment and reducing efficiency. The removed flue gases do not contain sulfur impurities and do not destroy the metal of the chimney.
· Operating costs for gas boilers are also lower than traditional ones.
Another feature of compressed natural gas is that boilers running on natural gas have a higher efficiency - up to 94%, do not require fuel consumption for preheating it in winter (like oil and propane-butane).
Natural gas, cooled after purification from impurities to a condensation temperature (-161.5 0 C), turns into a liquid called liquefied natural gas. Liquefied gas is a colorless, odorless liquid, the density of which is half that of water. 75-99% consists of methane. Boiling point -158 ... -163 0 C. In the liquid state, it is non-flammable, non-toxic, non-aggressive. For use, it is subjected to evaporation to its original state. When the vapors are burned, carbon dioxide and water vapor are produced. The volume of gas during liquefaction is reduced by 600 times, which is one of the main advantages of this technology. The liquefaction process takes place in stages, at each of which the gas is compressed 5-12 times, then cooled and transferred to the next stage. The actual liquefaction occurs during cooling after the last stage of compression. The liquefaction process thus requires a significant amount of energy - up to 25% of its amount contained in liquefied gas. Liquefied gas is produced in the so-called liquefaction plants (plants), after which it can be transported in special cryogenic containers - sea tankers or tanks for land transport. This makes it possible to deliver gas to areas that are far from the main gas pipelines traditionally used to transport conventional natural gas. Natural gas in liquefied form is stored for a long time, which allows you to create reserves. Before delivery directly to the consumer, liquefied natural gas is returned to its original gaseous state at regasification terminals. The first attempts to liquefy natural gas for industrial purposes date back to the beginning of the 20th century. In 1917, the first liquefied gas, but the development of pipeline delivery systems has delayed the improvement of this technology for a long time. In 1941, another attempt was made to produce LNG, but industrial scale production reached only from the mid-1960s. In Russia, the construction of the first liquefied natural gas plant began in 2006 as part of the Sakhalin-2 project. The grand opening of the plant took place in the winter of 2009.
Shale gas- natural gas extracted from shale, consisting mainly of methane. First commercial gas well in shale formations was drilled in the USA in 1821. industrial production shale gas was started by Devon Energy in the United States in the early 2000s at the Barnett Shale field, which drilled the first horizontal well in this field in 2002. Thanks to a sharp increase in its production, called the "gas revolution", in 2009 the United States became the world leader in gas production (745.3 billion m 3), with more than 40% accounted for by non-traditional sources(coal-bed methane and shale gas).
Shale gas resources in the world amount to 200 trillion m 3 . In January 2011, economist A.D. Haitun wrote about the possibility that shale gas "will follow the fate of coal-fired methane with a significant drop in production growth during long-term operation of fields, or the fate of biofuels, the vast majority of world production of which is in America, and is now declining."
Gas reserves and resources
The world geological reserves of combustible gases on the continents, in the zone of shelves and shallow seas, according to forecast estimates, reach 10 15 m 3 , which is equivalent to 10 12 tons of oil.
The largest deposits in the USSR were: Urengoy (4 trillion m 3) and Zapolyarnoye (1.5 trillion m 3), Vuktylskoye (452 billion m 3), Orenburg (650 billion m 3), Stavropolskoye (220 billion m 3), Gazli (445 billion m 3) in Central Asia; Shebslinskoye (390 bcm) in Ukraine.
On the Yamal Peninsula and in adjacent water areas, 11 gas and 15 oil and gas condensate fields have been discovered, the explored and preliminary estimated (АВС 1 + С 2) gas reserves are about 16 trillion m 3, promising and predicted (С 3 -D 3) gas resources are about 22 trillion m 3. The most significant Yamal field in terms of gas reserves is the Bovanenkovskoye field – 4.9 trillion m 3 (АВС 1 + С 2), which will main gas pipeline Bovanenkovo-Ukhta. The initial reserves of the Kharasaveyskoye, Kruzenshternskoye and Yuzhno-Tambeyskoye fields are about 3.3 trillion m 3 of gas.
Eastern Siberia and Far East make up about 60% of the territory Russian Federation. The initial total gas resources onshore in the East of Russia are 52.4 trillion m 3 , on the shelf - 14.9 trillion m 3 .
In Russia, gas production by Gazprom alone in 2011 amounted to 513.2 bcm. At the same time, the increase in category C 1 reserves reached a record level - 686.4 billion m 3, condensate - 38.6 million tons. In 2012, it is planned to produce 528.6 billion m 3 of gas and 12.8 million tons of gas condensate.
Condensate
Condensate– liquid product of separation of natural gases. It is represented mainly by liquid hydrocarbons under normal conditions - pentane and heavier hydrocarbons of alkane, cyclane and arene composition. The density usually does not exceed 0.785 g/cm 3 , although differences with densities up to 0.82 g/cm 3 are known. The end of the boil is from 200 to 350 0 C.
Distinguish raw condensate from separation, and stable obtained by deep degassing of raw condensate. The amount of condensate in reservoir gases is expressed either by the ratio of its volume to the volume of separated gas (cm 3 /m 3) and is called condensate factor. The amount of condensate related to 1 m 3 of separated (free) gas reaches 700 cm 3 . Depending on the value of the condensate factor, gases are "dry" (less than 10 cm 3 /m 3), "lean" (10-30 cm 3 /m 3) and "fat" (30-90 cm 3 /m 3). Gases characterized by a GOR greater than 90 cm 3 /m 3 are called gas condensate. At the Vuktyl oil and gas condensate field, the condensate factor is 488-538 cm 3 /m 3, natural gases from Western Siberia fields are usually “dry”.
Strategy
The production and sale of compressed and liquefied natural gas as a motor fuel is one of Gazprom's priorities. For systematic work on the development of the gas motor fuel market, a specialized company— OOO Gazprom gazomotornoye toplivo.
The most economical and environmentally friendly fuel
Today, natural gas is the most economical, environmentally friendly and safe fuel. Natural gas is actually a ready-made motor fuel, so it is much cheaper than gasoline and diesel fuel. At the same time, the engine of such a vehicle meets the highest standards - Euro-5 and Euro-6. According to the classification of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, natural gas belongs to the safest class of combustible substances.
Two types of natural gas are used as motor fuel: compressed (CNG) and liquefied (LNG).
Target market segments:
- CPG - passenger, light cargo, light vehicles and municipal vehicles;
- LNG - main road, rail, water transport, quarry and agricultural equipment.
Russian NGV fuel market
Consumption of natural gas as a motor fuel in Russia is steadily increasing.
Significant growth potential domestic market gas motor fuel contribute to:
- significant reserves of natural gas and a developed gas distribution network to ensure the stability of gas engine fuel supplies in the long term;
- introduction of energy-efficient types of fuel in transport, including the transfer passenger transport and utility vehicles for natural gas in cities with a population of more than 100 thousand people;
- expanding the range of natural gas-powered equipment and gas filling infrastructure;
- low compared to traditional fuels, the price of gas motor fuel.
As of December 31, 2018, there were 293 CNG filling stations in the Russian Federation owned by the Gazprom Group, of which 235 CNG filling stations were operated by Gazprom Gazomotornoye Toplivo LLC and 58 were in operation subsidiaries PJSC "Gazprom".
The volume of CNG sales through Gazprom's gas filling network in 2018 amounted to 598.2 million cubic meters. m.
Development of gas engine infrastructure
Strategic approach to creation retail network on the territory of Russia provides for the development of gas engine infrastructure in 60 constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Together with the Federal Highway Agency, a General Scheme for locating gas filling infrastructure facilities on highways of federal significance, involving the construction of a backbone network of 181 facilities by 2030 and the creation of so-called “gas-engine corridors” on key operating and prospective highways in Russia.
In 2018, 21 CNG filling stations and three sites for mobile gas filling stations (PAGZ) were built and purchased from private investors, four CNG filling stations and two sites for PAGZ were reconstructed.
A program is being implemented to create a filling infrastructure at the industrial sites of subsidiaries PJSC companies Gazprom for the period 2017-2019, which provides for the installation of 100 natural gas compression units for the needs of its own transport.
Work is underway to create infrastructure for the production and use of LNG as a motor fuel. A program for the development of small-tonnage production and the use of LNG was adopted, the implementation of which is scheduled for the period 2016-2032.
Foreign market of gas motor fuel
Expanding the use of natural gas as a fuel for automobile and water transport Gazprom is also involved in foreign markets.
In Europe, in this segment, Gazprom is represented in the markets of Germany, the Czech Republic and Poland through Gazprom NGV Europe GmbH, as well as through NIS, which is part of the Gazprom Neft Group, which sells CNG in the Serbian market.
In 2018, the number of CNG filling stations and cryo-filling stations in Europe amounted to 70. Sales of CNG and LNG through Gazprom Group's own stations in Europe in 2018 amounted to 12.9 million cubic meters. m.
The Gazprom Group also sells CNG through CNG filling stations in Armenia, Belarus, and Kyrgyzstan. In 2018, sales amounted to 42.3 million cubic meters. m.
Projects are being implemented to create a gas engine infrastructure in Bolivia and Vietnam.
Question: What is CNG, LNG, LPG? What is the difference between them? What are the features of the use of each of these gases?
MITASU OIL Expert Help: CNG (Compressed natural gas) - compressed natural gas used as motor fuel. Also known as compressed natural gas and compressed methane. AT road transport stored under pressure up to 200 - 250 atmospheres in high-strength cylinders, which have a fairly large weight. The cheapest type of gas fuel, its cost is approximately equal to 30 - 35% of the cost of an equivalent amount of gasoline.
LNG (Liquefied natural gas) - liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquefied methane. If, instead of compressing, methane is cooled to -160°C, it turns into a liquid state, and its volume decreases by 600 times. To store liquefied methane, heat-insulated containers are used, which have a rather large weight and size, and therefore the possibilities of using LNG in passenger vehicles are very limited, however, in many developed countries, long-distance cars and large buses running on liquefied methane or its mixtures with diesel fuel.
LPG (Liquefied petroleum gas) - liquefied petroleum gas, a mixture of light hydrocarbons liquefied under pressure. A mixture of propane and butane is usually used as motor fuel. In road transport, it is stored in thin-walled cylinders under a pressure of 10-15 atmospheres. Due to the difference in the boiling points of the hydrocarbons that make up LPG, the ratio of propane and butane is changed depending on the ambient temperature. The summer blend has a ratio of approximately 35% propane, 60% butane, and approximately 5% other gases (ethane and ethylene). The winter mixture contains 75% propane, 20% butane and 5% other gases. The use of propane-butane mixtures at negative air temperatures is difficult, and at temperatures below -40°C it is impossible without heating the gas cylinder. Propane-butane mixtures are much more expensive than methane (their cost is approximately equal to 50% of the cost of an equivalent amount of gasoline), but today this type of fuel is the most common. This is due to the ease of storage of propane-butane and the fact that equipment for operating a car on LPG is much cheaper than a similar "methane" one.
Question: Which type of gas fuel is the most promising?
MITASU OIL Expert Help: If we talk about propane-butane in the future, it must be taken into account that it is a derivative of oil, which means that it will run out when the oil runs out, so the most promising gas fuel is, of course, methane, the explored world reserves of which significantly exceed oil reserves, not to mention biogas, which is actually obtained from waste and is essentially the same methane. As for the prospects for compressed and liquefied methane, both types of fuel, CNG and LNG, will most likely be further developed, but their areas of application will differ. Compressed methane is likely to be more developed in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, and liquefied methane will be more widely used in heavy vehicles.
Question: What are the current trends in the automotive industry in the production of gas-powered vehicles?
MITASU OIL Expert Help: The number of gas-powered vehicles around the world is increasing every year. As global oil reserves shrink and environmental regulations tighten, the amount of gas Vehicle will grow.
Used as a motor fuel instead of gasoline, diesel and propane. It is cheaper than traditional fuels, and the greenhouse effect caused by its combustion products is less compared to conventional fuels, so it is safer for the environment. Compressed natural gas is produced by compressing (compressing) natural gas in compressor units. Storage and transportation of compressed natural gas takes place in special gas accumulators under a pressure of 200-220 bar (high-pressure gas cylinders). Storage of compressed gas under high pressure is quite dangerous and requires compliance with special safety regulations and periodic verification (testing) of cylinders for performance. Verification is carried out on stands by pumping gas or liquid into a cylinder at a pressure significantly greater than its working pressure. The consequence of such requirements is the need for periodic dismantling of cylinders during the "technical inspection", which is a significant obstacle to the widespread use of compressed gas in transport and not only in transport. The addition of biogas to compressed natural gas is also used, which reduces carbon emissions into the atmosphere.
Compressed natural gas as a fuel has a number of advantages over the traditional propane-butane mixture: [ ]
- Methane, the main component of natural gas and CNG, is lighter than air and evaporates almost immediately, therefore, in the event of an accidental spill, it quickly escapes into the atmosphere, dissipating, unlike the heavier propane-butane mixture (Propane cylinders) that accumulates in natural and artificial depressions , slowly evaporating and creating an explosion hazard
- Methane is non-toxic, so the overall toxicity of CNG is lower than that of LPG
- The cost of natural gas, and therefore CNG, is known to be less than any liquid petroleum fuel
- Low boiling point guarantees complete evaporation of natural gas at the lowest ambient temperatures
- Natural gas burns almost completely and does not leave soot that degrades the environment and reduces efficiency, the exhaust gases do not contain sulfur impurities and do not destroy the metal of the chimney due to the initially low sulfur content in natural gas
- Operating costs for maintenance of gas boilers are also lower than traditional ones.
Another feature of compressed natural gas is that boilers running on natural gas have a higher efficiency - up to 94%, do not require fuel consumption for preheating it in winter (like fuel oil and propane-butane).
At present, vehicles using compressed natural gas are becoming more widespread in Russia. Most of these cars are bi-fuel - a compressed natural gas cylinder is installed in the trunk - for cars, and in the body or on the frame, for trucks. Previously, CNG was used only on trucks. The use of CNG as a motor fuel is one of the few environmental measures, the costs of which are paid off by a direct economic effect in the form of a reduction in the cost of fuel and lubricants. The vast majority of other environmental activities are extremely costly.
Automobile gas-filling compressor stations (CNG filling stations) are used for refueling cars
Article provided by the companyOOO Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg, Yekaterinburg
Use of CNG in the worldAccording to economic, environmental, resource and technical criteria, compressed natural gas (CNG) will remain the best motor fuel for a long time to come.
Today, 14.7 million vehicles operate on CNG, which is 1.5% of the world fleet (900 million units). In recent years, the global fleet of vehicles powered by natural gas has increased by 25-30% (Fig. 1). According to the forecast of the International Gas Union, the growth of the fleet of gas-balloon vehicles will amount to 50 million units by 2020, and by 2030 - more than 100 million units. Today there are already 20,746 CNG filling stations (CNG filling stations) in the world.
Filling station infrastructure already exists or is rapidly developing in a number of countries such as Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, Austria, Italy. In South Korea, 95% of municipal buses run on CNG. In Rome, transport on alternative fuels is exempt from paying taxes for 3 years. In France, there is a ban on the use of petroleum fuels on municipal buses. In Sweden, "gas cars" are exempted from fees at paid parking lots. Today, many global automakers carry out serial production of vehicles using CNG (Audi, BMW, Cadillac, Ford, Mercedes-Benz, Chrysler, Honda, Kia, Toyota, Volkswagen and others).
Such a rapid development of this area is quite understandable - at present, of all the mass-used motor fuels and technologies, natural gas provides the safest emissions of exhaust gases from motor vehicles. Switching cars from gasoline to gas can reduce emissions of harmful substances by an average of five times, and noise emissions by half.
FOR REFERENCE Compressed natural gas (CNG, compressed natural gas, English Compressed natural gas) - compressed natural gas used as motor fuel instead of gasoline, diesel fuel and propane. It is cheaper than traditional fuels, and the greenhouse effect caused by its combustion products is less compared to conventional fuels, so it is safer for the environment. Compressed natural gas is produced by compressing (compressing) natural gas in compressor units. Storage and transportation of compressed natural gas takes place in special gas accumulators under a pressure of 200-220 bar. The addition of biogas to compressed natural gas is also used, which reduces carbon emissions into the atmosphere. Compressed natural gas as a fuel has a number of advantages
Source: Wikipedia |
CNG in Russia
Our country has already accumulated rich experience in the use of natural gas as a motor fuel. OAO Gazprom forecasts an increase in CNG consumption as a motor fuel by the end of 2011 by about 10% - up to 370 million m 3 against 345 million m 3 in 2010 (Fig. 2). To date, there are 255 CNG filling stations in the Russian Federation operating in 60 regions of Russia, 206 (93%) were built by OAO Gazprom. The fleet of gasified vehicles currently numbers 86,000 vehicles. The largest consumption of CNG in the country is noted in the Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Rostov Regions, Kabardino-Balkaria and North Ossetia.
Fig.1. Worldwide fleet of CNG vehicles
(according to the National Gas Vehicle Association)
Rice. 2. CNG consumption in Russia, mln m3
Natural gas is much cheaper than gasoline. Extracted from the bowels, natural gas is not subjected to further processing. This ultimately guarantees its lower cost compared to refined petroleum products. World reserves of natural gas significantly exceed oil reserves. Natural gas is not subject to seasonal price changes. In addition, in accordance with the Decree of the Government of Russia, the price of natural gas for vehicles cannot exceed 50% of the price of A-80 gasoline. In 2011, the average retail price of CNG in the Russian Federation for vehicles was 8.5 rubles/m 3 .
The reasons for the methanization of motor transport in the Ural region are the same as in Russia, and, perhaps, throughout the world - the environmental and economic advantages of using natural gas as a motor fuel.
KKE in the Ural region
At present Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg LLC operates a network of 30 CNG filling stations and 6 vehicle conversion points located in the Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan and Orenburg regions.
The main consumer of CNG in the Ural region is urban passenger transport. These are fixed-route taxis such as PAZ buses and Gazelle minibuses.
In addition to stationary CNG filling stations, we have the opportunity to refuel gas-balloon automatic telephone exchanges using mobile gas filling trucks (PAGZ) with a booster compressor. It is made on the basis of a KAMAZ-43118 car with a gas engine. A small-sized block complex has been developed and is undergoing industrial testing, which provides regasification of liquefied natural gas for refueling LPG vehicles.
Currently, in the Russian Federation, serial production of vehicles with a gas engine is carried out by KAMAZ OJSC (RariTEK LLC) - NEFA3 buses, truck tractors, dump trucks. GAZ Group produces buses with a gas engine - LIAZ-6213, LIAZ-6212, LIAZ-5256, LIAZ 5293, PAZ 320302, etc.
In addition, it is possible to purchase gas-balloon equipment from foreign automakers - Iveco, Volkswagen, Mercedes, Opel, Toyota, etc.
FOR REFERENCE Liquefied natural gas (LNG, English LNG - liquefied natural gas) - natural gas, artificially liquefied, by cooling to -160 ° C, to facilitate storage and transportation. For economic use, it is converted into a gaseous state at special regasification terminals. When liquefied, natural gas is reduced in volume by about 600 times. Pure LNG does not burn, does not ignite or explode on its own. In open space with normal temperature The LNG returns to a gaseous state and quickly dissolves in the air. When evaporating, natural gas can ignite if it comes into contact with a source of flame. For ignition, it is necessary to have a concentration of vapor in the air from 5 to 15%. If the concentration is up to 5%, then the evaporation is not enough to start a fire, and if more than 15%, then in environment there is too little oxygen. LNG is considered as a priority or important natural gas import technology by a number of countries, including France, Belgium, Spain, South Korea and USA. The largest LNG consumer is Japan, where almost 100% of gas needs are covered by LNG imports. Source: Wikipedia |
To date, OOO Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg operates 691 units. ATS using CNG as a motor fuel. In 2011 economical effect from the replacement of liquid motor fuel amounted to 22.3 million rubles.
As a result of trilateral cooperation with OJSC KAMAZ and OJSC NPO Geliimash, the following vehicles were created: a truck tractor and a city bus equipped with gas engines with a cryogenic tank for refueling LNG. Initial results show a significant advantage over CNG-powered LPG vehicles. Thus, the mileage of cars without refueling has more than doubled.
In order to increase the use of CNG in July 2011, within the framework of international exhibition"INNOPROM - 2011" a tripartite "Agreement" was signed between the Government of the Sverdlovsk Region, OOO "Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg" and JSC "KAMAZ" on the development of the use of natural gas as a motor fuel. The agreement, in particular, provides for the supply to the Sverdlovsk region. KAMAZ vehicles using both CNG and LNG as motor fuel. LLC Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg provides CNG and LNG refueling for gas-balloon vehicles, provides methodological assistance to third-party ATS conversion points and directly converts the existing fleet of ATS in the region to the use of natural gas motor fuel.
In October 2011, on behalf of OAO Gazprom, the Company organized and conducted the Blue Corridor-2011 auto race of factory-produced LPG vehicles along the route Yekaterinburg - Chelyabinsk - Ufa - Orenburg - Samara - Saratov - Volgograd - Tambov - Voronezh - Tula - Moscow. As part of this run, between the governments of the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions and the Company, “Protocols of Intentions” were signed, providing for the use of CNG as a motor fuel as a priority for the parties.
Pursuant to Target integrated program development of the gas filling network and the park of equipment operating on natural gas for 2007-2015. in the area of responsibility of OOO Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg, six CNG filling stations have been identified for construction.
Extension suggestions
use of natural gas
OOO Gazprom transgaz Yekaterinburg proposes a number of measures, the adoption of which will increase the use of natural gas as a motor fuel.
At the federal level it is proposed:
1. Adopt the law “On the use of gas motor fuel”.
2. To develop and adopt by the Government of the Russian Federation a number of measures for economic incentives for business entities and individuals engaged in the production, sale and use of natural gas as a motor fuel.
At the level of subjects of the Russian Federation, it is proposed:
1. Development and implementation of regional programs for the use of gas motor fuel in vehicles.
2. Ensuring priority acquisition at the expense of budgetary funds public transport and municipal vehicles using gas motor fuel in order to reduce budgetary fuel costs and improve the environmental situation in cities.
3. Inclusion of costs for additional equipment of garage complexes budget organizations when transferring ATS to the use of gas motor fuel in the budgets of municipalities.
4. The cost of operating gas-engine equipment is reduced due to savings in the cost of fuel. REC, based on federal law No. 261-FZ "On Energy Saving and Improving Energy Efficiency and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" dated November 23, 2009, must keep transportation tariffs unchanged for 5 years.
JSC "Gazprom" is offered:
1. Continue work on the adoption of the Federal Law "On the use of gas motor fuel" and on the development and production of modern and efficient LPG.
2. Implement OAO Gazprom's program "Development of the gas refueling network and the fleet of vehicles operating on natural gas for 2007-2015".
3. Organize refueling of vehicles potential consumers with the help of mobile tankers with the subsequent construction of CNG filling stations.
Conclusion
In April 2012, Vladimir Putin, while in Togliatti, proposed to allocate additional subsidies to the Russian regions for the renewal of the bus fleet.
It is proposed to allocate funds to those regions that will transfer their bus fleet to a cleaner type of fuel - gas. It is planned to allocate 3.5 billion rubles for these purposes. from the budget of the Russian Federation.
Currently, more than 50% of the fleet of buses is over 15 years old, and most of our European neighbors have buses renewed every ten years for safety reasons.
The acquisition of municipal transport using CNG and LNG as a motor fuel should be synchronized with the construction of new CNG filling stations, conversion stations and Maintenance cars, points for re-examination of cylinders, commissioning of mobile gas tankers. In the future, this will ensure a real improvement in the environmental situation in large industrial cities, increase economic efficiency freight and passenger transportation, reduce costs in the budgets of all levels, and accelerate the formation of a new market for the use of natural gas in the Ural region.