The popularity of fixed-route taxis in major cities has now increased markedly, although the "minibuses" have long supplanted other ground modes of transport. Residents of megacities daily use the services of fixed-route taxis, despite the lack of benefits and some reckless drivers. The profitability of fixed-route taxis is indicated by the fact that they are available in Moscow in the amount of about ten thousand units. It is worth noting that this species business, in addition to fares, implies the possibility of obtaining additional income. On your vehicles you can place various promotional materials, in particular, information booklets, business cards and posters. As a rule, such materials are placed near people, forcing them to draw attention to themselves, that is, this type of advertising is quite effective, and therefore in demand. Another option for placing advertising information is to sell the car body as an advertising surface, although this type of advertising is more expensive for the advertiser. The third side source of income can be sightseeing transportation of people and the provision of transport to various festive events.
Car park
It is necessary to start organizing your own network of fixed-route taxis with the selection of cars for the fleet. Vehicles are best located outside the city limits, otherwise the monthly cost of their parking will be quite high. Today, the choice of vehicles, unfortunately, is rather limited due to high customs duties making it unprofitable to use imported cars. The most profitable domestic car is the minibus GAZ-322132, the cost of which fluctuates at the level of 250 thousand rubles. The main advantage of this vehicle is the ease of its equipment in accordance with the rules for the carriage of passengers. It is better to start a business with at least five vehicles, since with fewer vehicles you can not withstand the pressure from competitors. So to run small network fixed-route taxis, you need about 1.25 million rubles. The cost of fuel, repairs, as well as parking and washing will cost about 40-45 thousand rubles a month. for one vehicle. About a third of this amount will be spent on fuel and lubricants, since GAZelles are by no means economical cars. It should be noted that it is impossible to shift the cost of fuel and lubricants to drivers, since in this case there will be an unreasonable increase in the tax base, which will lead to a decrease in profits.
Staff
Of the special requirements for drivers, one can note the need for a category D driver's license. In addition to drivers, the organization must hire a part-time accountant, a medical worker, whose duties will include examining drivers before leaving, and a dispatcher who will have to coordinate the actions of drivers.
Choosing a route for a taxi
The main source of income of the route is payment for travel. One vehicle can earn about 2 thousand rubles per day, however, the chosen route determines the amount of earnings in many respects, since on some of them the amount of daily income can reach 4-5 thousand rubles. The route along which the car will drive can be develop it yourself or choose from existing options. When developing a route on your own, you need to analyze the area for passenger demand, the availability of other transport routes. In principle, to start using the new route, about 5% of passengers who will be interested in the new kind movement. Nevertheless, it must be taken into account that the planned profit of a taxi on the new route will only be brought in 3-4 months. As a rule, such a term is enough for people to get used to the new route.
Payback
The monthly cost of maintaining one vehicle includes:
- Parking, washing, repair, service - 30 thousand rubles;
- fuel and lubricants - 14 thousand rubles;
- Insurance - 3.5 thousand rubles;
- Payment for the driver - 15 thousand rubles.
Total: 62.5 thousand rubles. From one vehicle per month, on average, you can have about 75-80 thousand rubles. income. Profit, including taxes, will be about 12 thousand rubles, that is, the payback period for the initial investment is about 2 years. It is worth noting that the payback period can be reduced due to secondary sources of income.
Residents of Russian cities have chosen transport - a fixed-route taxi, distinctive feature which is speed and comfort. People willingly use it, and even the absence of travel benefits does not stop them. Along with the increase in demand, the popularity of the route business is also growing.
Multifaceted business
Among other types of urban transport fixed-route taxis are in the lead. Their number exceeds the rest by several times. Only in the Russian capital there are about several tens of thousands of minibuses. If this type of business were unprofitable, it would not expand at such a rate. This is precisely the answer to the question for those who still doubt whether it is worth opening a route business.
In addition to the main income from collecting tolls, the owner of such a business can count on additional income from the following sources:
- In the interior of the minibus advertising is placed in various forms: posters, booklets, business cards. At the same time, the cabin seats are used, from which it is more advantageously presented to passengers. During the movement from one stop to another, a person can study the information in detail and even write down contacts. The advertiser pays the owner of the minibus for the placement of their materials.
- The outer surface of the vehicle can also become a place for advertising. Applied advertising information on a special film that covers the car. Such colorful, catchy information costs the advertiser a lot, but it gives a high effect, which is beneficial to both parties.
- Order transportation. These can be excursion routes, wedding celebrations and other events that require the movement of groups of people.
The main stages of organizing a route business
First of all, it is necessary to clarify all the nuances in the transport inspection in terms of the availability necessary documentation and fulfillment of conditions. The future entrepreneur will be required to have his car comply with technical requirements submitted for passenger transport, and could carry at least 8 people. You will also need with the necessary qualifications: drivers, dispatchers and a paramedic.
After payment of the state fee for consideration of the application and issuance of the main document Russian Ministry transport license is issued, which is valid for 5 years. The amount of the fee depends on the region. It can be different depending on the size of the settlement: from 350 to 500 dollars. A separate record card is maintained for each transport unit.
Preparation for the issuance of a license lasts up to 1 month. Doing business without a license will be followed by an administrative penalty - a large fine.
A fixed-route taxi can be organized as or.
To open a private minibus, you need to collect the following documents:
- charter;
- founders agreement;
- state registration(certificate);
- certificate of registration;
- assigned codes by the statistical office;
- bank details;
- lease agreement for the use of a parking lot;
- addresses - legal and physical;
- technical passports for cars;
- documents confirming the technical inspection of vehicles;
- driver license, work books hired drivers.
Movement within settlements and between them is not always convenient by private transport. Many people do not have the opportunity to buy a car, some do not need it, but they need to get to the objects on a daily basis. That is why the demand for fixed-route taxi services is consistently high, despite the increased percentage of car owners. Opening a business based on transportation is profitable, but costly in terms of investment, however, a well-designed minibus business plan will allow you to bypass most of the “pitfalls” when starting a business.
Summary
The organization of the business is aimed at creating a fixed-route taxi service. The main direction of the enterprise is the provision of services to the population of the city in the field of passenger and transport transportation.
The main goals of the project:
- receiving profit and income from transportation;
- full satisfaction of the needs of customers in passenger transportation, ensuring proper comfort and safety.
It is assumed that the business will be in demand, therefore, the profitability of the enterprise will be high - in the region of 15-20%.
General description of the project
The opening of an enterprise based on transportation along a certain line (route), as a promising and modern business, has the following tasks, which must be solved not only at the launch stage, but throughout the entire subsequent work for successful promotion and improvement of the enterprise:
- providing the population of the city and guests of the area with convenient, fast and modern vehicles;
- obtaining a stable profit from the work carried out;
- further expansion (increase in units of equipment on the route, reduction of the waiting interval;
- creation of jobs for the population of the city.
To solve the tasks set, a businessman needs to take into account the peculiarities of the chosen area of activity related to the recruitment of personnel (drivers), payment of state duties, the need to pass an annual technical inspection.
Market analysis
When opening a business based on a fixed-route taxi, one should first (before collecting and submitting documents) conduct an analysis of the market in a particular area where further work is planned. Large companies occupy up to 80% of the market.
Assessing the parameters of competition and the possibility of entering the market, it is safe to say that a fixed-route taxi, as a business, will be a profitable enterprise, if it is correctly calculated financial investments, spend marketing strategy and choose the best methods to conquer the market and attract customers.
Risk Analysis
Marketing plan
Forming a fleet is a crucial step in starting a business. On the initial stage For the functioning of the company, it is recommended to purchase 1-2 cars (a minibus, preferably foreign-made, since the service life of a used car is at least 7 years without a major overhaul). The cost will be in the region of 1-1.5 million rubles.
Route development
Creating a route for subsequent work should be the main task at the stage preparatory work. To do this, it is necessary to carefully study the already existing directions of movement of all public (land transport). You can use the already developed (if the competition is not great). It is important to remember that the newly created traffic route must be agreed and approved by the Ministry of Transport.
organizational plan
To open a business, you need to hire staff. At the first stage, it can consist of 2-4 drivers (depending on the number of cars and work schedule). In the future, the number of drivers will increase. In addition, you will need to hire:
- dispatcher;
- accountant;
- Mechanics;
- doctor.
Additionally, cleaners should be included in the staff.
Business registration, required documents and licenses
Organizationally - legal form when organizing a business, it can be both an individual entrepreneur and an LLC. Required documents:
Opening schedule
You can open and run a business for six months (from January to June). In January, you will need to choose a place to organize a parking lot and open an office, pay rent (you can reduce costs and pay it not immediately for the whole year, but every month). In February-April - development of the route, carrying out advertising company, purchase of cars and arrangement of the garage and service, as well as medical office. In May, recruitment of personnel, paperwork is carried out. June - the start of transportation.
Financial plan
Opening costs (one-time):
rent and payment utilities- about 200,000 rubles;
personnel (salary) - 150,000 rubles;
equipment -150,000 rubles;
insurance payment - about 100,000 rubles (depending on the number of cars in the park);
purchase of cars - an average of 2 million rubles.
You will also need to purchase fuel, expendable materials for car maintenance - this is about 250-300 thousand rubles
Monthly costs
- salary of personnel - 100,000-150,000 rubles;
- purchase of fuel and other materials - 350 thousand rubles;
- unforeseen expenses - 60,000 rubles.
Income will be about 350 thousand per 1 car per month, profit after payments and tax deductions, subject to the presence of 2 cars in the fleet - about 100 - 150 thousand rubles (for the first time). The profitability of production in this case is 20%. Return on investment - 1-2 years.
Conclusion
The business of opening a fixed-route taxi will bring profit, subject to a careful approach to its organization. It requires taking into account many nuances, but allows you to develop an enterprise and increase your customer base in a short time.
Business in the field of passenger transportation is traditionally considered very profitable and prestigious. A fleet of 10 - 15 cars, with proper organization of the business, can consistently bring its owner a very good income without serious time costs. The main thing is to select responsible employees, to find mutual language with competitors and be able to stay in the market.
Before starting paperwork and purchasing cars, it is worth carefully studying the current traffic patterns for passenger vehicles. This is necessary both in order to build a further strategy of action, and in order to draw up a business plan for a fixed-route taxi.
There are two ways to enter the urban passenger transportation market:
- knock out a place for their cars on an existing route. In this case, you will receive both the already established flow of passengers and a large number of dissatisfied competitors. Coping with the latter is sometimes very difficult, and this must be borne in mind;
- learn a new route on your own. If you decide not to conflict with other carriers, you will have to draw up your own traffic pattern. It is unlikely that it will be popular in the first months, so get ready to work in the red.
The new route must be approved by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation. This is a rather complicated process, so carefully consider your options, both financial and legal.
Investments, expenses and payback
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A business such as a fixed-route taxi requires very significant investment investments at the initial stage. Start-up entrepreneurs with no experience in running commercial activities are unlikely to be able to cope with such a volume of expenses. Unless, of course, they are unable to obtain financial assistance from large investors or credit institutions.
Cars
The first and perhaps the most significant item of expenditure. To organize a fixed-route taxi, you will need at least 5-10 cars. And all of them must be in good condition, otherwise the payback process will drag on for several years.
On the Russian market Passenger traffic is very popular cars brand "Gazelle". Their main advantage is low price (from 600,000 to 850,000 rubles) and ease of maintenance. They are produced at a domestic factory, so you won’t have to look for components for a long time in the event of a breakdown or accident. True, they often break down, so a significant increase in repair costs awaits you by 3-4 years of operation.
Minibuses Mercedes Sprinter, Hyundai County and Ford Transit are much more reliable than the Gazelle. The average service life is 7-8 years. Specifications, as well as the quality of interior trim, foreign cars are higher, but they also cost about twice as much.
On average, the purchase of 3–5 minibuses for a taxi requires 3,500,000–4,000,000 rubles. The final amount depends on market prices, buyer preferences (new or used), etc.
Maintenance and insurance
If you are interested in a fixed-route taxi as a business, when drawing up a business plan, you will have to include not only standard CASCO insurance, but also OSAGO in the calculations. Otherwise, one can not even dream of a license for a passenger carrier and advantageous loan offers from large banking organizations. The issue price is approximately 12,000–20,000 for CASCO and 8,000–10,000 for OSAGO. Additionally, insurance is usually issued for passengers and the driver while driving (1% of the total sum insured). Annual costs - about 40,000 rubles.
Car maintenance, washing and repair costs depend on whether or not the carrier has its own service. On average, about 1,000 rubles a day is spent on one car. In a month, respectively, about 25,000-30,000 rubles.
Garages and car park space
You also cannot do without renting garages, a small office space and a car park area. Keeping cars in an open parking lot in winter is very risky. Therefore, for these purposes, add about 100,000–150,000 rubles a month to your future budget.
Staff
For shift work on 5 cars, you will need 10 drivers. They can be paid wages both piece-rate and according to established standards. The staff of the organization must also have dispatchers, a mechanic and an accountant-cashier. medical worker drivers can be hired for part-time inspections.
per month for payment wages to all your employees you will spend approximately 500,000 rubles.
Calculation of initial investments
Let's summarize. So, at the initial stage, you will need:
- 4,000,000 rubles - for the purchase of cars;
- 200,000 rubles - for insurance;
- 150,000 rubles - for maintenance;
- 100,000 rubles - for the rental of office space;
- 500,000 rubles - for the payment of wages to employees.
Total: 4,950,000 rubles.
Income and payback
Net monthly income from one car is usually 40,000–50,000 rubles. If you decide to open a fixed-route taxi business and build a fleet of 5 cars, you can count on about 200,000–250,000 rubles per month. The full payback of the enterprise, respectively, will take about 1.5–2 years.
Paperwork
State registration of such a business as a fixed-route taxi, judging by the reviews, takes a lot of time. You will not only have to choose a taxation system and legal form of the company, but also obtain a special license for passenger transportation.
IP or LLC?
The best form of a commercial entity when organizing a fixed-route taxi is a company with limited liability. It allows you to avoid unnecessary risks in the event of bankruptcy of the enterprise and gives chances for obtaining additional financing. The registration process takes about 3-4 weeks, the cost is 15,000-20,000 rubles.
Taxation system
Activities for the provision of motor transport services for passenger transportation often subject to taxation under the UTII system. This is very convenient, both for entrepreneurs and for fiscal authorities. Therefore, if in your region there is an opportunity to issue a tax on UTII, choose it. Otherwise, you can use the USN or OSNO.
Licenses and Permits
As mentioned above, you will need a license to carry out transportation. You can get it at the local branch of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation.
The following documents are required to issue a license:
- articles of association;
- founding documents;
- papers confirming the fact of state registration;
- Bank details;
- Title of vehicles;
- applicant's passport;
- certificate of placement on tax accounting, etc.
A license is usually issued within 21 to 45 days. For the issuance of the document, as well as for the consideration of the application, a state duty is charged. The license is valid for 5 years.
Comments
Laying a car route and calculating distances between cities
On this page you can submit your route between cities on the map, do calculation of distances between cities, find out the estimated travel time along the route, the required amount of fuel and the minimum budget for the trip.
To do this, just specify the start and end points of your car route, intermediate points on the route (if any), indicate the cost of fuel for the selected region of your car route and indicate the fuel consumption of your car in liters per 100 km.
fuel price in the region of your road trip, you can find in the informer located on the left. If your road route runs along the roads of various regions, then it is better to indicate average price in Russia for the required type of fuel.
The route can be laid not only on Russian highways, but also on the highways of both Europe and Asia.
How to use the calculator:
- In the "From" field, enter the name of the settlement in which your road route.
- In the "To" field, enter the name of the settlement where your route ends.
- If your route passes through several cities, then click on the "add" button. In the fields that appear, enter the name of the settlement, which is the intermediate point of your route. There can be no more than 8 such intermediate points.
- Then enter the fuel consumption of your car.
- Next, we indicate the price per liter of the desired fuel. Price for desired view fuel you can see in the informer, which is located above.
- After all the fields are filled in and intermediate points are indicated (if any), click on the "calculate" button and get the entire necessary information In your car route and directly the route itself, laid out on the map.
To avoid errors when specifying the cost of fuel, use "." (dot)
How to book a taxi
Expert Tips - Business Consultant
Related photo
From the abundance of various public transport the fixed-route taxi stands out for its speed and convenience. It is it that enjoys the greatest popularity among the always somewhere in a hurry population. The profitability of this kind of business is evidenced by the fact that there are a lot of fixed-route taxis, there is no such area in the city where the “minibus” would not go.
Just follow these simple step by step advice and you will be on the right track in your business.
How to get a license for a fixed-route taxi - a fixed-route taxi, a license for m ...
Quick Step-by-Step Business Guide
So, let's get down to action, tuning in to a positive result.
Step - 1
Starting a business starts with a fleet of vehicles, the choice of cars is quite limited due to high customs duties and the high cost of imported cars. You have to choose the necessary transport from the products domestic production, which, as a rule, is inferior in all respects to imported analogues. Having done this, we move on to the next steps.
Step - 2
If you purchase a less expensive option that is not adapted for the operation of a fixed-route taxi, then later it will have to be redone, which carries not only additional cash expenses and loss of precious time. Experienced entrepreneurs are advised not to resort to this method. Having done this, we move on to the next steps.