On October 1, amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation came into effect, which prohibit placing hostels and hotels in the residential premises of apartment buildings. This event was the reason for holding a free conference "Drivers of the hotel market: everything about mini-hotels and hostels 2.0", which is organized by the MBM.MOS project (State Budgetary Institution "Small Business of Moscow"), the Interregional Association of Hostels and Mini-Hotels MAXiMO and the Tourism Committee city ​​of Moscow.

Conference participants will receive answers to the following questions - how will changes in industry legislation affect small businesses in the field of hospitality and tourism in Moscow? How to scale into a network of hostels or mini-hotels? How does SEO help boost sales? How to build efficient work with staff? What are the difficulties with the registration of foreigners? Is it worth buying a ready-made hostel? What support can entrepreneurs expect from the city?

Among the speakers were Aleksey Tikhnenko, Head of the Hotel Management Department of the Moscow Tourism Committee, Ekaterina Railyan, Advisor to the President of the Russian Federal Reserve Agency on Migration and Registration Registration in the Federation of Restaurateurs and Hoteliers of Russia, Head of the Department of Tourism and Hospitality of the Institute of Hotel Business and Tourism of RUDN University, Director independent center certification and expertise of HorecaExpertGroup Olga Pasko, expert on working with the mini-segment at Travelline (developer of IT products for hotels) Yana Koroleva, head of key account department at Altera Invest Ilya Popov, candidate economic sciences Associate Professor of the Department of Hospitality Industry, Tourism and Sports of the Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanova Elena Nikolskaya and others.

A representative of MBM.MOS will tell you about what measures to support small and medium-sized businesses in Moscow and how to use them.

“The mini-hotel market has great prospects for business development. There is a low threshold for entry and short term payback, while the niche is not filled and has great potential. Our goal is to help entrepreneurs develop most effectively. The Moscow Government provides comprehensive support: from consultations on starting and running a business, simplifying daily business tasks using online services, to subsidizing,” said the head of the Department of Entrepreneurship and innovative development Moscow Alexey Fursin.

The event will be held from 10:30 to 17:30 at the address: Moscow, Prospekt Mira, 119, building 34, Pavilion No. 34 "Cosmos", Congress Center "Cosmonautics and Aviation".

Reference:

MBM.MOS is a project of the State Budgetary Institution "Small Business of Moscow", subordinated to the Department of Entrepreneurship and Innovative Development of the City of Moscow. The institution is engaged in consulting and educational support entrepreneurs in Moscow. You can get advice on opening and running a business in Moscow, measures to support metropolitan entrepreneurs at the Business Services Centers, online on the MBM website.

The hotel market of the Russian Federation has been developing quite rapidly over the past few years, which is largely due to the following factors.

1. Increasing tourist interest in the Russian Federation from the world community, expressed by the positive dynamics of the number of tourist arrivals, where the Russian Federation has been constantly included in the TOP-10 countries of the world in terms of "International Tourist Arrivals" for the past few years, according to the World Tourism Organization UNWNO (Table 1). 5).

Table 5. Dynamics and forecast of international tourist arrivals in the Russian Federation

2. Positive growth dynamics of the domestic tourist flow in the Russian Federation, which is confirmed by the data Federal Service state statistics of the Russian Federation, VTsIOM and the Association of Tour Operators of Russia (Table 6).

Table 6 Dynamics of domestic tourist flows in the Russian Federation

			Number of tourist trips, million people
			growth by 2014 may be from 30 to 50%

Thus, domestic tourism is growing by an average of 5-6 % in year.

• 3. Creation of a favorable investment climate for the development of hotel activities both in the Russian Federation as a whole and in individual regions and cities of the country. Among the main activities, the following activities can be noted:
  • creation of special economic zones of tourist and recreational type (SEZ TRT) for the development of tourism and hotel activities on their territory;
  • development of the program "Accommodation of hotel infrastructure in St. Petersburg", which appeared in 2004 in order to increase the investment attractiveness of St. Petersburg and promote the accelerated development of the hotel services market. As part of this program, the “Address list of buildings and land plots for the placement of hotel infrastructure facilities” has been prepared and is constantly updated. Providing investors with land plots and other real estate objects at the addresses indicated in the list for the placement of hotel infrastructure facilities is carried out based on the results of tenders held in the form open competition, or designated purpose in accordance with the decision of the government. A similar document exists in Moscow "Sectoral layout of hotels in the city of Moscow";
  • tax preferences for hotels. For example, in Moscow, the Moscow City Duma approved benefits for hotels aimed at developing domestic tourism and supporting the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The benefit will be valid from 2015 until January 1, 2020 (while the authorities do not exclude that benefits may be extended). The property tax of organizations will not be subject to the minimum area of ​​the number of rooms, multiplied by a factor of 2. At the same time, benefits are provided for hotels that will pass the classification before 2016 and confirm their “star rating”. In addition, we are talking about the number of rooms, which is located in buildings subject to property tax at the cadastral value;
  • Committee for the Development of Tourism of St. Petersburg to support investors who are ready to invest in hotels economy class, on behalf of the governor, a special investment program is being prepared for the construction of 3-star hotels, etc.

According to BusinesStat and DISCOVERY Research Group, the value of the hotel services market in the Russian Federation has a gradual upward trend, over the period 2002-2008. (before the crisis) it grew at an average growth rate of about 20%, and over the past few years after 2009, the average growth rate is at the level of 12.9% per year (Fig. 6).

At the same time, it is important to note that this moment the largest share in the turnover of the hotel sector - up to 70% - belongs to Moscow and St. Petersburg, but the representation of the regions is increasing every year.

It is important to note that, according to the forecasts of specialists presented within the framework of the federal target program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation

Rice. 6.

(2011-2018)”, laid down in state program RF "Development of Culture and Tourism" for 2013 - 2020, the volume of paid services of hotels and similar accommodation facilities will gradually increase and by 2018 may reach 500 billion rubles. (Table 7).

Table 7 The main basic and forecast indicators of the development of the hotel industry in the Russian Federation until 2018 based on the Federal Target Program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation (2011-2018)", laid down in the state program of the Russian Federation "Development of culture and tourism" for 2013-2020 gg.

	organizations
2015 (forecast of Rostourism)

Table 8 Hotels and similar accommodation in Russia

	organizations	Their one-time capacity, thousand seats
Rostourism forecast

The number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation, according to the Federal State Statistics Service and BusinesStat, has been steadily growing over the past 10 years, and over the past 5 years the number of hotel establishments in Russia has grown by 36.2% and reached 10714 objects in 2014 ( Table 8).

In table. 8 before 1995, the data are given without taking into account the hotels that were on the balance sheet of collective farms and state farms, and since 2005, the data are presented taking into account individuals implementing entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity (individual entrepreneurs).

It is important to note that hotel market even with these indicators, it is not saturated and has good growth potential. Currently, in the Russian Federation, the indicator of provision with hotel places is about 4.5 places per 1 thousand inhabitants, while in Europe there are 13-35 places. In Moscow this indicator is approaching 10, in St. Petersburg - to 8 places. The average value of the coefficient of availability of hotel rooms in the administrative centers of the respective regions included in the Golden Ring of the Russian Federation, according to the Blackwood company, is

2.1 rooms per 1 thousand inhabitants.

So, in Sergiev Posad, the provision with hotel rooms is 1.5 rooms per 1 thousand inhabitants, Ivanovo - 1.8, Yaroslavl - 2, Kostroma - 2.1, Vladimir - 2.6 rooms per 1 thousand inhabitants.

According to the report of the International Economic Forum "The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015", Russia ranks 90th out of 141 countries in terms of the number of hotel rooms per 100 people. population (Table 9).

The majority of hotel establishments in Russia are hotels. In 2014, the share of hotels among all hotel-type organizations was 86.6% (Fig. 7). It should also be noted that out of the entire hotel market, customers prefer hotels.

The territorial zoning of the hotel market of the Russian Federation by federal districts of the country, according to the Federal State Statistics Service, shows that the largest percentage of hotels and similar accommodation facilities, slightly more than 66% of the national figure, is concentrated in four federal districts: the Central Federal District, the Southern Federal District, the Volga Federal District, the Siberian Federal District ( Fig. 8).

			Cape Verde
			Croatia
			Switzerland
	Seychelles		Norway
	Iceland		Bulgaria
	Montenegro		Ireland
	Barbados		Luxembourg
	New Zealand		Czech Republic
			Russian Federation

Rice. 7.

At the same time, considering the regional division, most hotels and similar accommodation facilities are in the Krasnodar Territory, Moscow, the Tyumen Region, St. Petersburg and the Sverdlovsk Region.

In general, in recent times there has been a tendency for the hotel industry to increasingly gravitate towards the Russian regions - many hotel developers who previously worked only in major cities, today they are trying to develop remote territories of the Russian Federation.

Rice. eight.

Rice. 9.

The segment of recreation centers, campsites and other recreation organizations is most actively developed and represented in the Southern Federal District, which has a significant lead over two followers: the Volga and Siberian Federal Districts (Fig. 9).

The hotel industry is quite attractive from the point of view of investors, and, according to experts from CBRE Group Inc., the world leader in the field commercial real estate, in 2014 the volume of investments in the hotel segment in Russia amounted to 530 million dollars, which is 15% of the total investment in commercial real estate.

To date, in Russia, according to INFOLine experts, who have analyzed federal and regional programs for the development and modernization of accommodation facilities, regional programs for the development of tourism and programs for preparing for major sporting events, 180 projects for the construction of hotel facilities in Russia (projects 2014-2017 ). At the same time, about 45% of these facilities are already under construction, 25% are at the project stage, and the remaining 30% are being preparatory work and whether the zero cycle of construction has already begun. The undoubted leaders in the development of investment projects in the hotel industry of the Russian Federation are

Rice. ten.

The Moscow Region and the Northwestern Federal District are formed, followed by the Volga and Southern Federal Districts

Investments in the construction of one facility in the Russian Federation in most cases range from 20 to 250 million dollars, with investment projects various kinds hotel facilities: hotels themselves, sanatoriums, hotels in various multifunctional complexes, boutique hotels, apartments, etc. (Fig. 10).

It is also important to note that, unfortunately, 80% of new hotels in the Russian Federation are built using credit money, and the current political and economic situation in the country may somewhat correct the planned plans of hoteliers-investors, as some hotel projects have already begun to “freeze”. In addition, many investors, in order to reduce payback periods and reduce risks, are considering the construction of hotels as part of multifunctional complexes, which include, in addition to hotels, office, residential and retail and entertainment areas.

The largest number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation has a private form of ownership, which accounts for 91.2% of all hotel establishments in the country (Fig. 11).

According to BusinesStat estimates, the natural volume of the hotel services market in the Russian Federation averaged over the past few years at the level of 78.1 million person-days. So, in 2010 it was 77.7 million person-days, in 2011 - 87 million person-days of stay, in 2013 more than 42.5 million stayed in the country's hotels

Rice. 12.

Rice. 11. Differentiation of hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation by type of ownership (2014), %

people and there were 72.8 million overnight stays, and in 2014 75 million overnight stays. However, this indicator is still relatively small compared to many European countries, where it exceeds the indicators of the Russian Federation by 4-5 times, but is very close to the average indicator of the EU countries (Fig. 12).

The guests of hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation by geographical (territorial) division are distributed as follows:

• Russian consumers make up the bulk of the market, according to TripAdvisor's TripBarometer study, where the percentage of Russians living in hotels in Russia is 85%. In particular, this fact and the structure of consumer spending of the population of the Russian Federation, where, according to the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the item “hotels, cafes and restaurants” accounts for less than 3%, largely determines the rather modest cost indicators of the hotel industry in the Russian Federation, presented in data fig. 6 (Table 10);
• the share of foreigners, according to various estimates, accounts for about 11-15%, which cannot be ignored.

According to the Association of Business Tourism (ABT), about 60% of Russian hotel guests are business tourists, and in cities with high business activity this percentage is even higher.

In this regard, the Association of Business Tourism (ABT) adopted the program "Attestation of business and conference hotels", based on

Table 10 The structure of consumer spending of the population of the Russian Federation in 2014

Name of groups of goods and services	Specific gravity, %
Food and non-alcoholic drinks
Alcoholic drinks, tobacco products
Clothing and footwear
Housing services, water, electricity, gas and other fuels
household items, Appliances and daily home care
healthcare
Transport
Organization of recreation and cultural events
Education
Hotels, cafes and restaurants
Other goods and services

bathroom in a survey of business travel professionals that helped highlight the main factors that determine the choice of accommodation. The first positions in the rating were occupied by such criteria as the convenience of the hotel's location, i.е. well-established transport links with railway stations, airports, exhibitions and business areas of the city; recommendations from colleagues and the level of service. At the same time, 92% of representatives of the business travel industry are sure that the hotel must have high speed internet, and access to it should be open in all in public places- restaurant, lobby, lobby and even in the corridor. Among the necessary services were the presence of air conditioning (77%), an ATM in the hotel or in its immediate vicinity (73%), the ability to use a credit card when paying at the hotel (62%), the presence of a safe (54%), a hair dryer (50 %), a business center (50%), a food ordering and delivery service (50%), as well as additional electrical outlets that allow you to simultaneously charge a laptop, smartphone and other devices (38%).

It is important to note that with the visible positive trends in the development of the hotel industry in the Russian Federation and the clear prospects for its development in the future, there are still a number of problems in this segment of the tourism industry that require prompt and high-quality solutions, among which are:

• 1) the outdated number of rooms in many accommodation facilities in the Russian Federation, especially those built more than 30 years ago (more than 50% of hotels are objects of the Soviet era), requiring renovation;
• 2) bureaucratic difficulties and encumbrances in the allocation of land for the construction of hotel industry facilities;
• 3) lack of high-quality accommodation facilities of the 3-star category for the development of both business tourism and cultural and educational tourism, which is due in recent years to the growth of a large number of new construction sites positioned in the 4-5 star segment;
• 4) high prices for hotel services Russian funds accommodation;
• 5) the lack of professional staff in the hotel business and the insufficient level of training of specialists working in the field of tourism, the shortage of middle and junior specialists, the unwillingness of graduates of higher educational institutions work in entry-level positions in hotels (maids, waiters, and so on) and very often attract foreign citizens to these positions;
• 6) relatively low hotel occupancy rates in the Russian regions, which is facilitated by the state of the regional tourist infrastructure, and primarily transport infrastructure.

Questions for self-examination

• 1. How fast is the number of hotels and similar accommodation facilities changing in the global hotel services market?
• 2. Which region of the world has the highest rate of new hotel openings?
• 3. According to the Global Travel Economy Report, what are the key factors that matter to the average international hotel guest?
• 4. List the main factors behind the rapid growth of the Russian hotel market in the past few years.
• 5. What is the current rate of availability of hotel rooms in Russian cities in the Russian Federation and how do these values ​​correspond with European ones?
• 6. Which three federal districts of the Russian Federation show the largest percentage of hotels and similar accommodation facilities in the Russian accommodation services market?
• 7. What percentage in the structure of consumer spending of the population of the Russian Federation, according to the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, falls on the item "hotels, cafes and restaurants"?
• 8. List the main problems in the development of the hotel business in the Russian Federation.

Moscow, having a unique cultural and historical heritage and playing an important role in political and economic life modern Russia, has every reason to claim the position of the largest center of business and cultural tourism, not only on an all-Russian scale, but also successfully compete in the world tourism market with other capitals of Western European states.

Today, Moscow attracts two main categories of clients that are of great importance for hotel companies: businessmen arriving for business purposes, and tourists with cultural and educational interests. Tourists who come to Moscow for cultural and educational purposes are not yet so numerous as to significantly increase the load on hotel enterprises. Other segments of the tourism market, such as event tourism, pilgrims, students and teachers, people coming for treatment, etc., allow the existence of hotels that have found their market niche in serving such marginal categories.

Thus, most of the Moscow hotels compete in the segment of the business tourism market for foreigners and Russian citizens sent to Moscow or who arrived for business reasons.

The flows of visiting foreign citizens to Moscow are tied to certain places that generate this demand. These are the so-called tourist attractions, which are places of concentration of business activity, architectural monuments, theaters, places of entertainment, etc. In Moscow, the city center is the most attractive for visitors. That is why central hotels have better occupancy and can charge higher prices for their services. They make up top segment of the market.

Middle segment of the market represented by secular hotels of the highest ranks and is rather ambiguous in terms of service and equipment.

Lower market segment represented by 2* and 1* hotels. Basically, these are hotels of the Soviet construction of the first category, multi-building and high-rise, located on the outskirts of Moscow, as well as hostels transferred to hotels.

Non-categorical hotels also belong to the lower segment of the market. This group is represented by objects where no measures have been taken to improve living conditions in recent years. Hotels included in this group are the object of attention of private investors.

Russian citizens are especially in demand for 2-star class hotels, which accounted for 59% of accommodations. 16% of Russians stayed in 3-star hotels, 15% in 4-star hotels and 1 in 5-star hotels, respectively. 0% Russian citizens.

However, it should be noted that Moscow as a tourist destination today is losing competition with other world capitals. The volume of services in Moscow reaches about 1 million foreign tourists annually, while for Paris this figure is 25 million tourists, and for London - 18 million.

It is necessary to improve the tourism infrastructure and material and technical base for the main components of tourism services: transport accessibility, accommodation facilities, enterprises Catering, sightseeing buses; the level and variety of tourist services: the creation of new tourist routes, the development of congress and exhibition activities, the holding of mass cultural and sports events (festivals, olympiads, anniversaries); improving the safety of tourists; improvement of the regulatory framework; improvement information service tourists; improving the system for promoting tourism products on the world market; improving the training of professional personnel for the tourism industry.

With the closure of the Rossiya Hotel, there were no more affordable and popular hotels in the center of the capital. Moscow barely serves 900 thousand tourists and it is still unrealistic to talk about the expected 5 million tourists in the next few years.

Foreign guests who come to Moscow rightly complain about the high cost of hotels. If earlier they could stay at the Rossiya Hotel and admire the Kremlin towers for an affordable price, now they live in Izmailovo, where they offer far from the best service for the “Russian” price.

In Europe and North America, a network of motels and hostels is widely developed for people with average incomes. There, for 20-25 euros, they will provide both a room and breakfast. Having a bed for such an amount, you can safely go on a trip to Paris. In Moscow, the price per day will cost more than 100 euros.

The lack of cheap hotels in Moscow is dictated by the development of the market. According to experts, the main reason for the shortage in the hotel services market in Moscow is that builders and investors, focused on quickly making big profits, are reluctant to build cheap hotels. The 3* hotel segment develops later, when the category of 4-5 star hotels is filled. On the other hand, middle-class hotels begin to generate income only 5-7 years after their construction.

In September 2008, on Russian market commercial real estate began to show the consequences of the global liquidity crisis. In recent years, the capital's hotel market has been developing at a rather slow pace and has been the weakest segment in the commercial real estate market. Under the influence of the crisis, the growth dynamics slowed down even more, new objects began to appear on the market even less frequently. At the same time, most likely, under the current conditions, only high-class hotel projects will be attractive to investors. As a result, the increase in the total number of rooms in the coming years will continue to occur mainly due to the hotels of the upper segment.

In the third quarter of 2008, the demand for hotel rooms in the capital's hotel market fell. The occupancy of Moscow hotels did not exceed 50-55%.

The low level of occupancy of the capital's hotels is associated with a decrease in the flow of foreign tourists by 10-15% since the beginning of 2008, which, in turn, is due to the high cost of living in middle and economy class hotels with a low level of service and quality of service.

As a result of the impact of the financial and economic crisis, the flow of business tourists is also declining, which accounted for the main share in the structure of tourist flows - about 40% of the total incoming flow.

The events that take place in the world financial markets in 2009 undoubtedly affect the capital's commercial real estate market, including the hotel segment. Many companies "freeze" or sell their projects, which include hotel space. In this regard, we should expect that the opening dates of many hotels may be postponed, which will affect the growth rate of the capital's room stock. As a result, the development of the capital's hotel market, which was not very dynamic in favorable economic conditions, will become even more complicated in the current situation. Thus, due to the slow pace of construction and commissioning of new hotel space in the coming years, the shortage of hotel beds will continue, primarily in the middle segment, which has become even less attractive to investors and developers during the crisis.

Despite a 14% decline in hotel rates over the past year, the Russian capital still tops the list of cities with the most expensive business hotels.

According to the report "Review of the hotel market for the first six months of 2009" by the international company Hogg Robinson Group (HRG), the average price of a room in Moscow is 268.11 pounds. Art. per night, and Moscow ranks first in terms of high cost. Abu Dhabi comes in second with £253.36, Paris costs £203.46, New York £200.21 and Milan £191.28. London did not make the top ten cities with the most expensive hotels, dropping from 16th to 23rd at £154.20. Art.

HRG experts note that most(by 7.7%), the prices of rooms in 5-star hotels increased, which is associated with an artificial increase in prices by hoteliers who are struggling with low occupancy. However, today business travelers choose more affordable 3-4 star hotels.

In 2009, the occupancy of hotels actually decreased by 20-30%, which forced some hotels to reduce prices. For example, the "best price" currently at the Ritz Carlton can reach 6,000-7,000 rubles. per room per night, and in Holiday Inn - 3000-4000 rubles. True, these prices are not openly published 1 .

According to the consulting company Blackwood, in the first half of 2009, the demand for services of Moscow hotels decreased by one and a half to two times, the load on average fell from 75 to 40-45%. The revenue per room indicator (i.e. the ratio of revenue from all rooms to the number of rooms, RevPar) decreased by 35-50% (depending on the class of the hotel) .

Currently, the hotel occupancy rate continues to decrease to 50-55%. Before the crisis, this figure was 75-80%. Experts expect a significant increase in load associated with an increase in business activity only by the end of the third quarter of 2009.

In order to retain customers and attract new ones, hoteliers are ready to freeze and even reduce - up to 50% - room prices, despite rising costs. Also, in the fight for customers, operators offer an increased agency commission.

Table 1.4. Price range for accommodation in Moscow hotels in the first half of 2009 (hotel price/Rack Rate)

According to Blackwood analysts, over the past few years Moscow has been among the leaders in terms of growth and the absolute value of RevPar. However, under the influence of the crisis, the level of income per room in the capital's hotels began to fall at a record pace. Today, among European cities, Moscow, like Russia as a whole, occupies one of the last places in terms of RevPar growth. According to the company's experts, the decrease in RevPar is caused both by the fall in ADR ( average price rooms), as well as a decrease in hotel occupancy. Nevertheless, despite the decline in the indicator by more than 40%, in its absolute value, Moscow continues to hold its positions.

In the near future, a significant increase in the volume of supply in the hotel market of the capital, which may lead to a reduction in prices, is unlikely, analysts say. The situation with the pace of construction of new hotel facilities, which from year to year lag behind the planned ones, is currently aggravated by the crisis. The commissioning dates for many landmark projects previously announced for opening in 2009 have been postponed (Moskva Hotel, Lotte Hotel, Rossiya Hotel), the implementation of some other projects has been halted (IKEA hotel projects, the Kremlin hotel complex), noted in a review prepared by Blackwood.

The Moscow authorities, concerned about the lack of tenants, intend to offer to open small hotels in the premises in the center of the capital, provided for offices. As the prefect of the Central Administrative District of the city A. Alexandrov explained, back in the middle of last year, the city authorities decided to ban the construction of offices in the center.

During the second quarter of 2009, the Moscow hotel market was replenished with two objects:

Thus, according to the results of the second quarter of 2009, the hotel fund of the capital increased by 235 rooms. Taking into account the replenishment of the room stock in the first quarter by 248 rooms, the total increase in the first half of the year was 483 rooms.

According to the results of the first half of 2009, there are 231 hotels in Moscow with a total number of more than 36.6 thousand rooms, of which:

• - luxury class (5 stars) - 2902;
• - business class (4 stars) - 6718;
• - middle class (3 stars) - 15,711;
• - economy class - 9466;
• - mini-hotels (less than 50 rooms) - 1880.

Rice. 1.3. Share of hotels various categories classiness Source: Becar Realty Group.

The main share in the structure of the room fund is occupied by 3-star hotels (43%), but it is the middle-class hotels that are most in demand, especially among tourists visiting Moscow for sightseeing and educational purposes.

The main part of Moscow hotels is concentrated in the Central and North-Eastern districts. Together, these districts account for 50% of the capital's hotel stock. All 5-star hotels are located in the city center, as are most of the 4-star hotels and mini-hotels.

Despite the fact that hotels outside the city center are gradually appearing, most likely, the market structure by territorial distribution will not undergo major changes in the coming years.

Rice. 1.4. Location of hotels in Moscow administrative districts Source: Becar Realty Group.

By the end of 2009, it was planned to commission 17 hotels with a total stock of more than 3.8 thousand rooms (Table 1.5).

Among the hotels that were supposed to be opened in 2009, the objects of new construction of the highest price segment (“4-5 stars”) mainly prevail.

Against the background of the economic downturn, the actual volumes of commissioned hotel space are most likely to be significantly less than the declared ones.

Table 1.5. The most significant hotels scheduled to open in 2009

Name			Number plate
Hotel "Ukraine" (after reconstruction)		Kutuzovsky Ave. 2/1
Four Season Moscow (Moskva Hotel)		st. Okhotny Ryad. 2
Hotel as part of the hotel and office complex (Imperia Tower)		Krasnopresnenskaya emb., section No. 4 (MIBC Moscow City)
Grang Hyatt Residences & Spa (West Tower of Federation Complex)		Krasnopresnenskaya embankment, section No. 13 (MIBC Moscow City)
		st. Ilyinka. 4 (Gostiny Dvor)
The Mandarin Residences (Phase 2)		st. Olkhovskaya. 23
		Prospect Mira. ow. 14. page 3
Marriott Courtyard (Office hotel complex Vivaldi Plaza)		st. Kozhevnicheskaya, ow. 8/4
Hotel as part of the MFC? River»		st. Kuryanova, ow. 49-55
Renaissance Moscow Monarch Center		Leningradsky pr-t, vl. 31. pp. 2, 3
Atrium (small extended stay hotel)		B. Spasskaya, 1/9, building 1
Hotel		Vnukovo airport
Hotel in the Avrora Business Park (3rd stage)		st. Sadovnicheskaya. 80
Administrative and hotel complex SR-Royal		Dmitrovskoe sh., 163a
Ibis Moscow Paveletskaya		intersection of Dubninskaya and Shchipok streets
Maxima Panorama Hotel		m. Avtozavodskaya
Aquamarine (mining and processing plant as part of the Aquamarine-2 multifunctional complex)		Ozerkovskaya emb. 26

Source: Becar Realty Group.

Every year more and more hotels appear in Moscow, which are managed by professional hotel operators. Almost any hotel project in the highest segment (“4-5 stars”) involves the involvement of management company, however, at present, this applies more to international operators than to Russian ones.

Among the events that took place during the study period in the hotel management segment, it is worth noting the signing by the city authorities of an agreement with the international hotel company Starwood Hotels & Resorts, according to which the National Hotel will change its management network. Since 2001, the hotel has been managed by Le Meridien, which will be replaced by The Luxury Collection, also owned by Starwood Hotels & Resorts. Agreement on the transfer of the hotel under the brand The Luxury Collection.

The most significant projects of international management companies that are planned to be implemented in Moscow, see Table. 1.6.

Table 1.6. Hotels commissioned in Moscow by international management companies

Operator		Projects in Moscow	discoveries
		Hotel - Gostiny Dvor Novotel - 4*
		Hotel Sofitel 5* as part of the transport terminal of MIBC Moscow City
Four Season Hotels & Resorts		Hotel "Moscow-
		Apart-hotel as part of the multifunctional complex on Sofiyskaya nab.
		Grand Hyatt Moscow 5* (Federation Tower)
		It is planned to build a hotel under the Andaz brand
InterContinental Hotels Group		Moscow Tverskaya5* (Hotel Minsk)
		Hotel in Moscow (object of reconstruction)

Operator		Projects in Moscow	discoveries
		Hotel as part of the MFC "Poseidon Park-" ("Oceanarium")	2010-
		Holiday Inn Ryazanskiy 4*
		Holiday Inn Volokolamsk 4*
		Club hotel (part of WTC-2) 4*
		Hotel as a part of MFC "Aquamarine-2"
Kempinski Hotels & Resorts		Kempinski Hotel Nikolskaya
		Hotel 5* as part of Crocus City**
		Kempinski Berezki Moscow 5*
Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group		Hotel Mandarin Oriental Moscow 5 * (on the site of the hotel "Central")
		Hotel as part of the MFC "Metropolie-2"
		Hotel "Bela" - reconstruction
		Office and hotel complex Vivaldi Plaza 4*
Rezidor S.A.S. Hospitality		Radisson SAS Hotel Belorusskaya
		Radisson SAS Olumpiysky 4*
		Radisson SAS Moscow Riverside Hotel & Resort 4*
		Hotel and business center "Business Plaza"
		Hotel 3 * on the site of the old car dealership "Panavto"
		Scandic Khimki 4* (part of BP Khimki)
Fairmont Raffles International		Raffles Moscow 5* as part of the multifunctional complex "Chizhevsky Compound-

During the study period, the following hotel facilities entered the market for sale (Table 1.7).

The hotel real estate market was characterized by the following trends:

1. Due to the drop in demand, the capital's hotels have decided to reduce tariffs and renegotiate contracts with tour operators.

Hotels began to monitor all their sales more closely, reducing prices for certain groups of customers, introducing various discounts, Special offers and shares. The result of the mobile pricing policy is an increase in the competitiveness of Moscow hotels in terms of price and quality.

• 2. There is a high level of interest in the industry on the part of the state:
  • - new solutions are being initiated to expand the hotel stock, including through the use of space in shopping and sports complexes;
  • - Moscow authorities put up for sale their own objects;
  • - OAO Hotel Company is established as a joint venture with external investors in order to develop the accommodation system.
• 3. The postponement of the commissioning of facilities continues (for example, the project for the construction of a hotel on Ilyinka St.,

The domestic market of the hotel business is going through hard times. The development problems voiced by industry analysts are considered to be weak involvement in the sphere of professionals and a significant run-up with the tourism industry. The main catalyst for supporting the hotel business in Russia remains the placement of rooms in high-traffic areas. You don't have to look far to confirm this information. According to official data, almost 70 percent of the industry is taken over by hotels in two cities of federal significance - Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Issues and catalysts for the development of the Russian hotel business in infographics:

General trends

According to official data, Russia continues to lag behind European partners in terms of general indicators of provision of rooms per capita. However, most entrepreneurs complain about the low level of customer demand. The result of low consumption is a sharp reduction in hotel maintenance costs and, as a result, a deterioration in the quality of service.

According to experts' forecasts, the ratio of the hotel market turnover in the coming years will significantly change towards regional consumption. Interest on the part of investors is determined by the attractiveness of large industrial cities, which are able to host significant conferences, stages of world-class events. According to the analysis of the hotel market conducted by rating agencies, the regional hotel business has a serious potential to attract business activity in a highly competitive environment.

Key analysis parameters

Most of the research conducted on the Russian hotel business is based on the indicators of Moscow and St. Petersburg. An analysis of the Moscow hostel market makes it possible to form real key indicators that can be used as a basis for decision-making among developers and potential investors. To help the service sector, in 2010 the program "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in Russian Federation(2011 - 2018). Already today it is possible to evaluate the actual results of the implementation of the seven-year plan:

As can be seen from the analysis of the hostel market, at the beginning of the launch of the targeted development program, the potential of the hotel business to accommodate the internal flow of tourists was 70 percent of the maximum possible level. Remarkably, the market share of federal cities is at the same level. In their assumptions, experts note that more success has been achieved precisely in the development of the hotel business at the regional level.

Similar growth rates have been achieved in increasing the capacity to receive foreigners. And this is how it was possible to achieve an increase in the quadrature of the number of rooms. The diagram clearly shows that the active growth in construction took place in 2016-2018, in the period leading up to the World Cup.

The most active growth rate of room stock occurred before the World Cup, which once again confirms the dependence of the industry on significant events. According to tenant surveys, the cost of living in apartments located in the area where host stadiums are located is summer period increased tenfold. There were cases when permanent tenants were sharply denied accommodation in favor of tourists from among the fans.

With regards to Moscow and St. Petersburg, the development of means of accommodating the tourist flow is somewhat limited in housing stock and objects of cultural significance. In the regions, the situation is somewhat different, since the potential for the construction of a new number of rooms by developers remains.

Loading of rooms

When analyzing the hotel market, it is worth taking into account one of such indicators of the level of demand for hotel services as loading. The industry average is no more than 49 percent. With the introduction of the targeted development program by 2018, it was possible to increase this indicator by no more than 5 percent. It should be noted that according to statistics, the hotel business in Russia is developing much better in the regions. Everything is explained again by the activity of mayors, who today focus on the development of tourism. With the influx of new visitors to the regions, the need for rooms also increases.

Despite the fact that there is a shortage of middle-class rooms in the industry as a whole, developers continue to build class 4-5 hotels. Following the trend is due to the fact that the average payback period for a room stock, and especially for a new one, is at least 10 years. There is a direct relationship here - the higher the class of the hotel, the faster the investment will begin to return to the capitalists.

* Particular attention among industry representatives is riveted to the seasonality of business. St. Petersburg remains especially sensitive in this regard, and the more southern regions benefit the most, where the tourist flow can persist for at least 5 months.

Raising capital in the industry

If the demand in the industry on the part of the consumer is generally understandable - there is sensitivity in cost and quality, then investors are even more capricious. In orientation towards the development of the hotel business, the capitalists are guided by the profitability indicators of the industry. According to research and statistics of the hotel market, the profitability of this service sector can reach the level of a niche of rented real estate for the needs of corporate parties (location of offices, warehouses).

For example, profitability in Moscow, regions and Europe:

The results of the profitability study clearly show the attractiveness of hotel real estate for accommodating not only residents, but also serious investments. This is not surprising, because Moscow is considered one of the most expensive cities in Europe.

Among the latest trends that give a real impetus to the maintenance and development of the industry is the construction of complexes of wide functionality. Among the areas that such centers will cover is the creation of accommodation facilities for vacationers.