What do you need to make plastic cups? Manufacturers of disposable tableware in Russia. We analyze the sales market

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Russian factories of disposable tableware

— catalog for 2020. The goods were provided by 50 enterprises. Factories disposable tableware:

"Plastic DV".
"Atlas".
"Artplast".
"Bulgari Green" and others.

Manufacturers have mastered the production of plastic and paper products. Products from plastic occupied 80% of the market, from paper 20%. The companies offered an assortment: cups, containers, plates. The production also produces glasses for vending machines with drinks. The production equipment has been upgraded. Companies have mastered sales through online stores.

Manufacturing organizations have launched the production of recycled plastic products. Food manufacturers and food companies are using disposable utensils everywhere. The business has introduced new packaging methods, used safe raw materials and materials. Prices for Russian products are up to 70% more profitable than imported ones.

Transport organizations will help with delivery in Moscow and the Moscow region, to federal regions and abroad. Enterprises have entered addresses and phone numbers in the "Contacts" tab on the exhibition website. The Russian manufacturer is looking for suppliers, wholesale buyers. An employee of the company will inform you how to buy goods in bulk, download the price list, and conclude a dealer agreement. The list is being updated.

The choice of equipment for the production of disposable tableware should be approached responsibly, because demand and profit will depend on the quality of products.

Raw materials for disposable tableware

The material used in the manufacture of containers

Initially, disposable tableware was paper. Now laminated cardboard with a density of 130–280 g/m 2 is chosen for its production. Lamination is performed with a layer of 10-20 microns. Such containers are suitable for advertising or creating branded dishes. For example, in a coffee shop chain, it is important to use cups with the name of the establishment and its slogan.

Until recently, Finnish paper was the favorite. Now gaining momentum domestic production quality cardboard.

In the production of plastic utensils, as a raw material, different types polymers, depending on the required characteristics finished products and production capacities. For the full cycle, granular polystyrene is used, which looks like foam spheres. For abbreviated production cycle use polystyrene or polypropylene film.

is an amorphous polymeric thermoplastic mass made from benzene and ethylene by polymerization. The material has a sufficiently high gas permeability, due to which it is often used in the production of cups for fermented milk products. The disadvantage of polystyrene is brittleness.

- partially crystallized polymer with thermoplastic properties. It is made from propylene by combining molecules together into large molecules. This material is not so fragile, and its production is cheaper than polystyrene. The disadvantages of polypropylene are the complexity that requires strict adherence to temperature, and the impossibility of storing the polymer at a negative temperature, which makes the raw material brittle.

The main advantages of disposable tableware

The undoubted advantages of disposable products are:

Safety. Plastic products are made from flexible materials that cannot be injured or completely broken.
Hygiene. In catering establishments, the use of disposable tableware guarantees the cleanliness of food containers.
Saving. No need to waste time and money detergents, water and its heating) for washing dishes.
Convenience. Indispensable in establishments selling takeaway food and drinks.

Required equipment and its functions

For a full cycle of production of disposable plastic tableware, several types of equipment are needed:

extruder - necessary to obtain sheets of polystyrene;
thermoforming machine - creates the necessary shape;
compressor;
crusher - an apparatus for grinding recyclables or production waste;
packing table;
granulator.

extruder is a machine in which polystyrene or polypropylene granules are melted. The molten mass is stirred with a screw to a homogeneous consistency. The semi-liquid material is passed through the rollers and exits through the slot-like opening as finished sheets. AT quality models important points are:

wear-resistant steel is used for the screw;
large ratio of length and diameter of the screw;
shaft and screw balancing accuracy;
uniform film thickness.

thermoforming machine heats a sheet of plastic and makes recesses of the required shape in it. For the production of forks and spoons, a different principle is used - molten polystyrene or polypropylene is poured into the prepared mold. Finished products are quickly cooled, in just a few seconds, and follow the packaging line.

Crusher or crusher It is designed for shredding plastic film residues after stamping. The crushed plastic is sent to a granulator, where it is again turned into plastic balls.

On the packing table at low production capacities, sometimes the dishes are packed by hand. But it is more efficient to use a special machine for counting finished products and their subsequent packaging.

If there are financial possibilities, the owner can purchase not individual devices, but a ready-made automated line.

Equipment for the production of tableware in a partial cycle includes only thermoforming machines and a packaging line.

Paper cup makers

The production of paper products for food requires different equipment.

The most important apparatus is the molding machine. The main difference between the models is the method of joining the seam of the glass - thermal or ultrasonic. For small production a thermoforming machine that performs a seam by heating with the help of electricity is suitable. Such equipment is relatively inexpensive and easy to manage. The energy consumption of the machine is 5-7 kW, with a production capacity of about 40 pieces per minute.

Modern models of paper cup forming machines have a variety of additional features that improve quality finished products and line performance:

Swiss system Leister of connection of a bottom with sides;
pneumatic stacker of cups in tubes;
PLC control system;
a defect detection system that sorts out defective products.

It is important to provide for the manufacture of covers. For their production, a separate apparatus is required.

The highest quality is Japanese technology. Used equipment can cost almost 2 times cheaper. But it is necessary to correlate the risks of failure of machines, and the cost of their maintenance.

The nuances of choosing equipment

When deciding to invest in the creation of the production of disposable cutlery, several points must be taken into account.

All disposable tableware must be certified

Planned production capacity of the enterprise. Based on it, the choice of premises, equipment, selection of personnel, estimated costs for materials and resources, including utilities, planned profit.

Workshop size. Be sure to control these parameters so that the selected equipment fits into the room. It is important to remember about auxiliary premises (bathroom for staff).

Technical characteristics of selected machines. They must match the productivity of the shop. An important point is the consumption of electricity and the ease of maintenance and repair of devices.

The conditions and price of equipment delivery are also important.

Features of the production of plastic and paper utensils

The production of disposable tableware is a multi-stage process. But its features will differ from the type of raw material used.

The production of plastic utensils in the full cycle takes place in stages:

The selected polystyrene beads are sent to the extruder, in which, when heated, they become a liquid with the consistency of sour cream. The auger mixes the raw material into a homogeneous mass.
This mass passes through the rolls into a narrow opening. The thickness of the plastic sheet can be adjusted by the distance between the extruder rolls. In some models, it is possible to manufacture a multilayer film.
From the film with the help of thermoforming equipment, dishes of the required shape are made.
Finished products are sent to the packaging line.
Waste sheets, after cutting out blanks from them, are sent to the crusher. From the crushed plastic in the granulator, balls are produced, which are returned to the production cycle.

All devices are quite simple. More modern modifications have full automation of processes with the possibility of minimal operator intervention. Equipment for this is both foreign and domestic. The choice usually depends on the price and delivery conditions.

Paper dishes

The manufacture of disposable tableware from paper requires completely different equipment, which is not yet produced by domestic factories.

The usual production scheme includes:

supply of sheets of cardboard for the walls of cups;
rolling paper into cylinders;
the formation of the sides;
cutting and joining bottoms.

There are multifunctional devices for the manufacture of different types of disposable tableware. But all the same, some addition is required: printers for creating exclusive dishes, moldings, which are a matrix for paper products. Blanks for the formation of sides are needed in different sizes.

The image and inscriptions are applied to paper on initial stage before forming blanks.

The seams of paper cups are ultrasonic or thermally processed. The soldering made by the ultrasonic method is stronger and can be performed continuously with high productivity. A seam made by a thermal method is less expensive.

One of promising directions today is the production of paper tableware as a business. By purchasing good powerful equipment and mastering the manufacturing technology, you can conquer a still unfilled market. After all, most of these goods come to us from abroad, and there are very few domestic workshops.

It is enough to correctly draw up a business plan, study in detail the market of the selected region, prepare manufacturing process, hire employees and agree on the supply of the first batch of goods. And already in 6-12 months you will begin to receive a net profit, which will make it possible to expand and offer customers new options for dishes.

Business Features

Disposable cups and plates quickly became fashionable. But if until recently only plastic options could be found on store shelves, today they have been successfully replaced by paper products. This dish has the following advantages:

Hygiene.
Environmental friendliness.
Does not spoil the taste of food.
Low level of thermal conductivity, which makes it possible not to burn your hands when holding a hot drink.
The material from which it is made completely decomposes within a few years without causing damage to the environment.
It is easy to print an advertisement or a company logo on paper.

Such products are increasingly in demand, but in Russia there is still a very low level of competition among manufacturers. By making disposable tableware, even foreign suppliers can be squeezed out by lowering prices.

This business is good because an automated well-established line will produce dishes 24 hours a day, all year round. And it doesn't take a lot of workers. With not very high costs, you will reach full payback in a few months. Not surprisingly, the production of paper tableware is considered a very promising project.

Company registration

You can register a business as an individual entrepreneur, but still experts recommend it, since a legal entity will have its own advantages:

more founders available;
in case of failure, you risk only the authorized capital;
large companies prefer to cooperate with the firm, rather than with an individual entrepreneur;
such business causes more confidence in various regulatory services;
there is an opportunity to refund VAT, which significantly affects the financial component.

In addition, you will need to select the appropriate OKVED code for the production of disposable paper tableware. When registering employees, you need to register with the Pension Fund and the FSS. And also be sure to obtain permission from the SES and the fire inspection for the production of food products, which include this species products. Particular attention should be paid to the requirements of GOST and SanPiN.

Technological stages

When setting up an automated line using modern equipment, the production of disposable tableware is a simple process:

Printed on a laminated sheet of paper.
The workpiece of the desired size is cut with a special press.
In the molding machine, the product is given the planned volumes.
The edges are soldered, the excess is cut off.
If this is the production of cups, then the bottom is cut out separately and laid inside.

As a raw material, a special laminated paper (one- or two-sided) is used. Its density should be 150-350 g/m2. Finnish material is considered the best in quality, but due to high prices, the cost of such dishes will be too high. Therefore, it is recommended to use paper from a domestic manufacturer, which will significantly reduce costs.

Workshop selection

Enough space is required to make disposable tableware. Depending on the assortment, expected turnover and the availability of certain machines, the appropriate premises are selected:

it should be located in the industrial part of the city;
minimum ceiling height - 4.5 meters;
concrete or tile floor;
refractory coating on the walls;
the presence of a three-phase power supply is mandatory;
installed water supply and good ventilation system.

The entire building is divided into certain working areas - workshop, warehouse, administration, utility rooms, bathrooms, locker rooms for employees. Also check the list of requirements from the sanitary and epidemiological service and fire safety so that the regulatory authorities do not make claims.

What equipment to buy?

In order to produce paper disposable tableware, you will have to purchase an automated line. First, it is desirable to decide on the list of required elements, for example:

Machine for cutting blanks.
Device for thermal or ultrasonic treatment.
Printing press.
Nozzles and blanks for giving the desired shapes and sizes, etc.

Keep in mind that for the production of plates and glasses, two different lines. After all, even if it is possible to change nozzles on the same machine in order to maintain desired speed production is highly undesirable to stop the process.

When choosing, pay attention to the power of the device, the quantity and quality of manufactured products, as well as the method of gluing parts. It can be ultrasonic or thermal. The first option is preferable, albeit expensive.

Another important point when buying equipment is the choice of manufacturer. European and American machines are of high quality and good speed, but their price may seem too expensive. Chinese devices on the market are considered the cheapest, but they also give out a lot of marriage, which will significantly affect the entire workflow.

The choice of equipment from a European manufacturer is considered the most optimal, since it is possible to purchase an automated line for the production of good quality disposable tableware for a more suitable price.

Staff

To work on such machines, you do not need a large number of people, and even more so highly qualified specialists. Therefore, it is enough to hire a few people who will only control the machines and fold the goods.

True, you still have to hire:

Accountant to manage financial reporting or invite him only when necessary.
A sales manager, since the success of the entire business largely depends on established relationships with customers.

After the production of products is established, one of the most important tasks remains to organize the sale of the manufactured goods. It is better if an experienced manager takes care of this issue. Basically, paper disposable tableware is purchased by:

(cafes, restaurants, fast food).
Sports complexes.
Entertainment centers.
etc.

To disseminate information about your production, you can use all modern available ways advertising - mass media, Internet, banners, announcements, etc. By concluding several contracts with regular wholesale customers, you will ensure the stability of your business and quickly reach full payback.

Download for free as a sample.

Financial calculations

To predict the profitability of the project and find out for what period you can return your initial investment, you need to determine the cost of the selected equipment, production volumes and establish a quick sale of goods.

For example, if you buy an automated high-power line for 1 million rubles, you can count on the production of 35 products per minute. With 24/7 production, this will be approximately 1,500,000 copies per month. And if you make a low margin on the goods, say, 1 ruble in excess of the cost, then the income will be 1,500,000 rubles.

From this amount, taxes, deductions for wages, utilities, the purchase of raw materials for the next batch of goods, etc. must be deducted. As a result, after six months, with an established sale of finished dishes, we can talk about the full payback of the initial investment.

to acquire better and more powerful equipment;
install machines for a variety of assortment;
open branches in other regions, etc.

Video: production of paper cups.

Compact and lightweight plastic utensils are very popular in the world and Russia. It is widely used in everyday life and grocery business. In dynamics for 2005-2016 The volume of the market for these products in our country grew. On average, by 10-15% annually, it continues to grow even now.

Under these conditions, opening a small factory for the production of disposable tableware seems interesting idea. The article will tell about the features of the production of plastic products, about the situation on the market. In it you will find economic calculations business payback.

Sales market

The market for disposable plastic tableware in the country began to develop actively after 2000. Apart from Russian manufacturers European countries were engaged in the supply of these products. Among the main exporters are Germany, Italy, Finland. The market grew steadily even during the 2009 global financial crisis.

Now a barrier has been set up for foreign producers - high import duties. This opened up additional opportunities for domestic enterprises.

Now Russian market disposable tableware is open to new members - it is approximately 75-80% full. A large share of the products produced in the country goes to the EAEU market, mainly to Belarus and Kazakhstan. Consumption volumes in Russia continue to consistently increase.

Potential consumers

Among the main consumers of disposable tableware:

points Catering- share more than 50%;
catering (holiday events, cooperatives) - 20-25%;
seasonal outdoor cafes - 15-20%
retail sales in stores - about 10%.

The entrepreneur needs to count on selling goods to stores in bulk.

You can also highlight the direction of vending - the sale of food through vending machines. In Russia, this direction is only developing, so the prospects are extremely bright.

There is a comparison of the situation in the Russian and Western markets, in our country the level of consumption is noticeably lower. This suggests that the market has room for growth.

Benefits of disposable tableware

The high popularity of disposable tableware is due to its undoubted advantages:

Light weight and no risk of breaking it. Plastic dishes are convenient to take with you on picnics, hiking. With a high capacity, it is compact, taking up little space in luggage.
Hygiene. It is suitable for single use, then thrown away. Therefore, there is no risk of “picking up” an intestinal infection.
Chemical resistance and heat resistance. The dishes are easy to use for hot dishes.
Multifunctionality. Cutlery (spoons, forks, knives) and other utensils (glasses, plates) of various sizes and shapes are made of plastic.
Safety. In accordance with GOSTs, plastic utensils are safe for health.
Low price. The main advantage is that a person with any salary can buy disposable tableware.

Initial Costs

Setting up a small disposable tableware factory will require a substantial initial investment. The main items of expenditure are the acquisition of high-quality equipment and the payment of wages to employees. A high salary should be set for the chief technologist - a specialist on whom the quality of the finished product directly depends.

Table 1. Calculation of the initial investment to start production.

The cost of renting a room is for a provincial city with a population of up to 1 million people.

Registration

You can start a business both in the form of an IP, and as entity(OOO). Work as individual entrepreneur suitable for starting a small production workshop. But large catering companies as well as retail chains prefer to work with legal persons.

The OKVED code upon registration is 25.24.2 (“Production of plastic table and kitchen utensils, toiletries”).

You do not need to obtain a license, but the work should be brought into line with GOSTs. industrial production you can start after receiving from Rospotrebnadzor a certificate of product quality and its compliance with GOST.

All wholesale customers will request certificates of conformity, they will not buy without them.

The documents

Below is a list of standards that are important to study and take into account when organizing the production of disposable tableware:

GOST R 50962-96 - “Utensils and household items made of plastic. General technical conditions”;
GOST 15820-82 - "Polystyrene and styrene copolymers";
GN 2.3.3.972-00 - instead of SanPiN No. 42-123-4240-86 "Permissible migration quantities (DKM) chemical substances released from polymeric and other materials in contact with food products and methods for their determination”;
SP 2.2.2.1327-03 - " Hygiene requirements to the organization technological processes, production equipment and workplace";
GN 2.2.4.1313-03 - "MAC of harmful substances in the air of the working area".

room

It is better to look for a production facility outside the city, far from residential areas, because the production of plastic utensils is accompanied by harmful fumes. In addition, the work of the workshop in such places is cheaper - both in terms of rental cost and size. wages personnel. It is not necessary to locate the object too far from sales markets in order to avoid the growth of logistics costs.

On an area of 120-150 sq. m will be located directly in the production workshop, warehouses, staff rooms, administrative rooms.

When choosing and arranging the territory for a mini-factory, the following requirements are taken into account:

the presence of a concrete floor or flat tiles;
wall covering with tiles or other fireproof material;
ceiling height not less than 4.5-5 m;
availability of serviceable engineering communications - powerful ventilation and power supply (three-phase network, 380V).

Raw material

Polystyrene or polypropylene are used as raw materials for the manufacture of plastic tableware. You can use granular polystyrene (granulate), which is processed into a film. From the film and form products.

And you can buy a ready-made semi-finished product - polystyrene film. It is more expensive, but the production process with it is accelerated. It is recommended to buy all the equipment, to provide a full production cycle. In the future, it will pay off and will reduce the cost of finished products to a minimum.

The most important thing when choosing raw materials is the absence of harmful impurities. You need to choose only food grade polystyrene.

Equipment for the production of disposable tableware

The main item of expenditure in organizing a business is the purchase of equipment. On sale there are expensive German equipment, cheaper Chinese. You can buy used equipment, but in this case you will have to budget for unforeseen expenses - for repairs.

Under the terms of our business plan, a ready-made line for the production of disposable tableware is purchased. It will automate the process and high quality output product. The cost of such a line is 4 million rubles, the productivity is 30 thousand units of products per hour. Its design includes an extruder, an injection molding machine, a trimmer, presses, and an edge bending machine.

You can also buy a shredder and an image printer. Although the work of the workshop is possible without them.

Production technology

Raw materials are added to the extruder. The plastic balls heat up and melt. By using screw press they are mixed into a mass until a homogeneous state. In addition to white balls, you can add multi-colored ones. This allows you to create dishes of a specific color.
Liquid viscous melt is passed through a press. This is how a canvas, a film, is created, the thickness of which is up to 2 mm. It is rolled up or sent for further processing.
In the thermoforming machine, the film is reheated and pulled into the molds.
The canvas with rows of shapes extruded in it enters the trimmer, which cuts out blanks.
The blanks are sorted and modified on the conveyor - the edges are bent. Then the packaging is done.

Unused plastic trimmings from the trimmer can be reloaded into the extruder for melting.

Staff

Table 3. List of workers required for production.

Job Title	Main functions
Manager, 1 person	Control over work, interaction with contractors
Chief technologist, foreman, 1 person	Control over the process and manufacturability of production
Workers, 2 people	Work on equipment
Loaders, 2 pers.	Supply of raw materials, unloading and loading operations
Driver, 1 person	Logistics, delivery of goods
Sales manager, 1 person	Search for buyers, conclusion of supply contracts
Cleaners, 2 pers.	Cleaning and keeping the shop clean

Total - 11 people. The functions of the manager (director) can be performed by the entrepreneur himself (at first). The accountant should be hired by outsourcing.

The main task is to find qualified workers. You can “make” the chief technologist yourself by sending your person for training to the manufacturer. Subsequently, he will train workers from scratch.

Financial plan: profitability and payback

Initial costs amounted to 5.28 million rubles.

Monthly expenses are made up of the following items:

purchase of raw materials for production;
rent price;
staff salaries;
additional and unaccounted expenses.

In total - 1.3 million rubles.

In 22 work shifts, 5,280,000 items will be produced.

30000 × 8 × 22 = 5.28 million pieces

The average retail price of 1 item (cup, plate, cutlery) is 31 kopecks. When selling products produced in a month, you can earn 1.63 million rubles.

Net profit is 330 thousand rubles. Accordingly, the business for the production of disposable tableware will be able to fully pay for itself in 16 months, then it will begin to bring a stable monthly income to its owner.

Possible risks

The main risks for a businessman are:

Competition. There are many large manufacturers of disposable tableware in Russia, which have already established themselves and have good reputation. We are talking about both domestic companies and foreign ones, which continue deliveries to the Russian Federation, even despite high duties. In addition, some foreign manufacturers simply placed factories in Russia.
Uncertain prospects and status. Abroad (including the states of Western Europe) have thought about banning the use of disposable plastic utensils. Replacing it with paper is a way to reduce harm to the Earth's biosphere. In Russia, there is also talk about this, although it is more difficult to implement the idea here due to the lack of a mechanism for separate waste collection.

It is expected that in the next decade in our country the demand for plastic utensils will remain high. Under such conditions, production industrial scale(with its proper organization) will allow a businessman to gain a foothold in the market, gain valuable experience and a large gesheft for further expansion and diversification. Our business plan for organizing the production of disposable tableware will allow you to better understand the issue, evaluate your investment opportunities, the approximate amount of work and potential profit.