- April 12 - Aviation and Cosmonautics Day (50 years)
- 2011 is a jubilee year for Russian cosmonautics. It is from this that the chronicle of the conquest of outer space by man is considered. And the most pleasant thing about this anniversary is that our compatriot Yu.A. Gagarin became the pioneer of the conquest of the boundless space!
First human flight
The first human flight was the most difficult and dangerous, but the desire to conquer space of many thousands of people who took part in the preparation of the flight overcame all obstacles. In honor of this historic event, April 12 is celebrated around the world as World Aviation and Cosmonautics Day.
First man in space
On April 12, 1961, the whole world was shocked by the announcement of the beginning new era space flights. On this day, Soviet cosmonaut Yu.A. Gagarin circled the planet Earth on the Vostok orbital spacecraft. He made one revolution around the globe, lasting 108 minutes.
- Yuri Gagarin... A fearless space knight, a glorious son of our great Motherland. The man who conquered the sky. A man whose feat and smile conquered our planet. The first space flight lasted 108 minutes. Nowadays, when many months of expeditions are made on orbital space stations, it seems to be very short. But each of those minutes was a discovery of the unknown.
Man conquered space for the first time.
The holiday was established by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 9, 1962. Since 1968, the national Cosmonautics Day has also received official worldwide recognition after the establishment world day aviation and astronautics.
Flight duration
The flight of the first cosmonaut lasted 1 hour 48 minutes.
After one orbit around the Earth, the spacecraft's descent module landed in the Saratov region.
At an altitude of several kilometers, Gagarin ejected and made a soft landing on a parachute not far from the descent vehicle.
An astronaut is an explorer
The cosmonaut must not only know the program of research and experiments well, but also be able to work with scientific equipment. And every year the scientific programs of space flights are becoming wider and richer, the scientific equipment is becoming more complex and diverse.
Man and space
Aviation and Cosmonautics Day today
And on this momentous day
I would like to congratulate all those who raised this sphere
And put it on stream right away.
Our successes
Today we see amazing advances in space technology: tens of thousands of satellites orbit the Earth, spacecraft landed on the Moon, Venus and Mars, several spacecraft left the Solar System and carry messages to Extraterrestrial Civilizations.
Classroom hour"Cosmonautics Day" is designed to be held in classes from 5 to 11 inclusive or for a school-wide event. The presentation and the scenario of the classroom hour "Cosmonautics Day" involve from 1 (then this is a teacher) to 6 people as presenters (1 person starts and ends the presentation and distributes prizes, 4 people pronounce the text, 1 person, the so-called Technical Director, controls the transition of slides if necessary, if this is not done automatically. Bold italicized words in the text of the script are the signal for changing slides).
Presentation plot: 1 Short story development of the idea of space flight. 2 The first manned flight into space, a fragment of a film about Gagarin is to be shown. 3 The first Soviet cosmonauts. 4 Quiz - riddles. 5 The first landing of people on the moon, a fragment of a film about Neil Armstrong is to be shown. 6 Exploration of the solar system by spacecraft. 7 Quiz on the content of the class hour.
Musical accompaniment: 1. Soviet songs - "Do you know what kind of guy he was" by Pakhmutova - Dobronravov performed by Gulyaev, "Captains of interplanetary ships", "14 minutes before launch" performed by G. Ots, music by Sviridov from the film "Time, Forward" , "I am the Earth!" performed by Olga Voronets. 2. Melodies performed by the Space group - "Magic Flight", "Zodiac", "Paris - France - Transit".
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Preview:
Batanova M.G. GBOU SOSHNO №265
Class hour "Cosmonautics Day"
ep. no. | Episode Host | Episode text, episode action | Present frame. | Music | Public |
1 outpost | 1 Time | Having seated. |
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B……. | “Guys, you know that on April 12 our whole country celebrates Cosmonautics Day. And who knows why World Cosmonautics Day is celebrated on April 12? ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 52 years ago, on April 12, 1961, a man went into space - this is perhaps the most significant event of the twentieth century! The event you've been waiting for long ages." | 1 outpost. | Answer |
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2. | AT……. | 2 “Since ancient times, the mysterious world of planets and stars has attracted the attention of people, attracted them with its mystery and beauty. People have long tried to conquer the sky. Of course, you know the legend of Daedalus and his son Icarus, the legend of how a man took off into the sky. it beautiful story with a sad ending. But the dream of people remained - to fly over the Earth,fly to the sun.» | 2 pres. | ||
E……. | 3 “The road to space was paved by the works of the Russian scientist Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, the main thing in which is a rocket forinterplanetary communications. Our country owes much to the success in space exploration to the Chief Designer, AcademicianSergei Pavlovich Korolev. | 3 Ave. 4 Ave. | 3Sp.Zod 4Sp.Zod | ||
P……. | 4 “This song – “Captains of Interplanetary Ships” – was written four years before the flight of the Vostok spacecraft with a man on board. With what impatience people waited for this flight! The first cosmonaut of the Earth was the Soviet pilot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin, a man of amazing courage with a dazzling smile that enchanted the whole world. Gagarin is recognized as an idol and a symbol of the twentieth century, he became the first on the cutting edgebreakthrough of mankind into space.The famous Gagarin's "Let's go!" sounded at the start. Who knows why Gagarin escaped these words?………………………………………………………………………………………… How was it all? | 5 Ave. 6 Ave. | 5cap. | Answer |
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Film Gagarin | 7pr | In Phil. | |||
AT……… | 6 “Following Gagarin, other Soviet cosmonauts flew into space, their flight tasksbecame more and more difficult. Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova, the first and only woman on Earth who made a solo space flight, was awarded the title "The Greatest Woman of the 20th Century. Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov is the first person to go into outer space in a spacesuit. He spent 12 minutes and 9 seconds overboard the ship and showed exceptional courage in an emergency.. » | 8 Ave. 9 Ave. | 8 I am Earth. couplet 9 I am Earth. chorus | ||
E…….. E…….. TO…….. AT…….. P…….. E…….. | 7 “In space, you can meet riddles and solve them!Who will guess first?" To arm the eye And make friends with the stars Milky way to see Need a powerful …………………………………………………………………. (Telescope) Telescope hundreds of years Studying the life of the planets. Will tell us everything smart uncle ……………………………………………………………………… (Astronomer) Astronomer - he is an astrologer, Knows everything! Only better than the stars is visible Full in the sky …………………………………………………………………. (Moon ) A bird cannot reach the moon Fly and land But he can do it Do fast ……………………………………………………………. (Rocket) The rocket has a driver Weightlessness lover. In English - "astronaut", And in Russian - ……………………………………………………………………….. (Astronaut ) | 10 Ave. 11 Ave. 12 Ave. 13 Ave. 14 Ave. 15 Ave. 16 Ave. 17 Ave. 18 Ave. 19 Ave. | Participation Answers Answers Answers Answers Answers |
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TO…….. | 8 “The conquest of space continued. On July 20, 1969, the American spaceship Apollo 11 carried astronauts Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin and Michael Collins. Descent module "Eagle" photographed from orbit Collins. The commander of the spacecraft Armstrong was the first to set foot on the surface of the moon. The phrase he uttered "This is one small step for a person, but a giant leap for all mankind"flew around the world. Armstrong and Aldrin spent 2.5 hours on the moon. transmitted to earthTV picture. » | 20 Ave. 21 Ave. 22 Ave. 23 Ave. | 20SpVol 21SpVol 22SpVol 23SpVol | ||
A film by Neil Armstrong | 24 Ave. | In Phil. | |||
E…….. | 10 “Following the Moon, exploration of the solar system began. Guys, do you know how many planets are in the solar system? ……………………………………………………………………………………. Name the planets that revolve around the Sun along with the Earth! …………………………………………………………………………………………… Let's complicate the question: list the planets as they move away from the Sun! - a prize for the correct answer! …………………………………………………………………………………………. | 25 pres. | Answers Answers Answers |
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AT……. | 11 “Distant planets of the solar system were explored by automatic space stations, we saw alien worlds at close range, learned a fantastic amountnew and amazing.» | 26pr. 27 Ave. 28 Ave. | 26SpPar 27SpPar 28SpPar | ||
TO…….. P……… E…….. AT……… P……… TO………. | 12“Now let’s try to answer the quiz questions. For correct answersprizes are due. » Quiz: 1. Who invented the rocket, with which you could rise into space?.................................................. .............. (K.E. Tsiolkovsky, S.P. Korolev) 2. April 12, 1961 - the day of the flight of the world's first astronaut. Who is he?............................................... ........... (Yu.A.Gagarin) 3. What was the name of the ship on which Yuri Gagarin flew into space? ............................... (Ship "Vostok") 4. Name the first Russian female cosmonaut………… (Valentina Tereshkova) 5. Who was the first to go into outer space? .............................. (Alexey Leonov) 6. What is the largest planet in the solar system?....... (Jupiter) "Well done boys did it!” | 29 pres. | 29SpPar | Participation Answers Answers Answers Answers Answers Answers |
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P…….. | 13 “I want to quote the words of Gagarin: “Having circled the Earth in a satellite ship, I saw how beautiful our planet is. People, let's preserve and increase this beauty, and not destroy it "Let's fulfill the testament of the first cosmonaut!" | 30 pres. | |||
B…….. | 14 “Our class hour is over. Thanks to all participants!Goodbye! Until we meet again! | 31 outposts | 31 14min | Come out |
In order to arm the eye and be friends with the stars, to see the Milky Way, you need a powerful ...
With a telescope for hundreds of years, they have been studying the life of planets. Clever uncle will tell us about everything - ...
Astronomer - he is an astrologer, He knows everything! Only better than the stars is visible In the sky full ...
A bird cannot fly to the moon and land on the moon, But it can do it fast ...
The rocket has a driver, a Zero Gravity lover. In English - "astronaut", And in Russian - ...
Lander "Eagle" Michael Collins piloted the orbital module
Neil "It's one small step for a man, but a giant leap for all mankind" Neil Armstrong The first to set foot on the surface of the moon
Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin spent 2.5 hours on the surface of the moon.
A rocket can land on the surface of these planets: Mercury, Venus, Mars
Giant planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
These celestial bodies could fly past the Earth: the asteroid Gaspra and Halley's comet
ViktVViktorina and Vorina QUIZ
Cosmonautics Day
slide 1
GBOU "Ploskoshskaya special (correctional) boarding school for children with disabilities of the 8th type" Class hour "Cosmonautics Day" Teacher: Vasilyeva Tatiana Anatolyevna 2012.
slide 2
April 12, 1961 - the first manned flight into space (Yu. Gagarin) was made on the Vostok-1 spacecraft, USSR.
slide 3
Biography Yu.A. Gagarin
In the first grade, Yura Gagarin managed to study for several days - childhood ended when the Nazis occupied the village. Only two years later, Klushino was liberated by Soviet troops.
slide 4
The Vostok spacecraft was launched at 09:07 on April 12, 1961 Moscow time from the Baikonur cosmodrome. Having completed one revolution around the Earth at 10:55:34 at 108 minutes, the ship completed the planned flight (one second earlier than planned). Gagarin's call sign was "Kedr". Due to a failure in the braking system, the descent vehicle with Gagarin landed not in the planned area 110 km from Stalingrad, but in the Saratov region, not far from Engels. No one expected such a distinguished guest there. At 10:48, a radar at a nearby military airport spotted an unidentified target - it was a descent vehicle - and a little later, 7 km from the ground, in accordance with the flight plan, Gagarin ejected, and two targets appeared on the radar.
slide 5
Said `let's go' Gagarin, Rocket rushed into space. That was a risky guy! Since then, an era has begun. The era of wanderings and discoveries, Progress, peace and labor, Hopes, desires and events, Now all this is forever. The days will come when the space Who wants to, will be able to surf! Even to the moon, please, wander! Nobody can forbid! That will be life! But still remember, That someone was the first to fly ... Major Gagarin, a modest guy, He managed to open an era. (Mahmud Otar-Mukhtarov)
Slide 8
For this flight, the astronaut received the title of Hero Soviet Union. Since 1962, April 12 has been declared a public holiday - Cosmonautics Day.
Slide 9
Place of landing Yu.A. Gagarin
Slide 10
The circumstances of Gagarin's death are still not known for certain. There are a number of conflicting versions of his death. The official version is as follows: The UTI MiG-15 aircraft with Gagarin and his instructor, Hero of the Soviet Union Colonel Vladimir Seregin crashed on March 27, 1968 at 10:30 in the morning near the village of Novoselovo, 18 km from the town of Kirzhach, Vladimir Region. This happened in normal visibility conditions - the lower edge of the clouds was 900 m above the ground. According to another version, the visibility was poor, since the working height in the zone - 4200 meters - was between the layers of clouds. The plane allegedly went into a tailspin, in order to bring it out, the pilots did not have a few seconds. On a branch they found a piece of Gagarin's flight jacket, a driver's license, and in his wallet they found a photograph of Korolev. The clock was also found and by the position of the parts of the mechanism it became clear that they stopped at exactly 10:43.
slide 11
Place of death
On March 27, 1968, Yuri Gagarin and Vladimir Seregin performed a training flight in the sky over the village of Novoselovo, Vladimir Region. "Zone mission completed!" Gagarin reported. "Check the altitude," said the flight director. There was no answer...
slide 12
Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics
slide 13
The name of Yuri Gagarin is: the city of Gagarin (formerly Gzhatsk), a crater on reverse side Moon, asteroid No. 1772, FAI gold medal (awarded since 1968), a square in Moscow where a monument to the cosmonaut stands. There is also the Gagarin Cup, the main trophy of the newly formed Continental Hockey League (Gagarin was a big hockey fan).
Slide 14
Gagarin Square. The monument was opened on July 4, 1980. The column is located in the center of a round platform-podium lined with polished black granite slabs. Nearby is a silver ball, a model of the Vostok spacecraft. On the ball there is a cast inscription in memory of the first space flight. Sculptor P. Bondarenko, architect. Ya. Belopolsky, F. Gazhevsky, designer A. Sudakov.
slide 15
The first Soviet cosmonauts
slide 16
Slide 17
March 18, 1965 - the first spacewalk was made from Voskhod-2 spacecraft (A. Leonov, USSR).
Slide 18
On July 25, 1984, for the first time, a woman made a spacewalk. It was Svetlana Savitskaya.
Slide 19
German Titov was the youngest in space, he made his flight at the age of 25 on the Vostok-2 spacecraft.
Presentation of the class hour for the day of Cosmonautics. Purpose: to form an idea of space, to acquaint students with the science of astronomy, with the profession of an astronaut. to give students an idea of what a spacecraft, orbital station, universe, galaxy, weightlessness, open space, descent vehicle are; expand their understanding of the stars, planets; to acquaint children with the biography of the first cosmonaut - Yu. Gagarin; the history of space exploration; to cultivate the desire to always achieve the goal, to be independent, to develop methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, visual memory, imagination; teach children to listen thoughtfully and attentively.
Since ancient times, people began to think about the questions: “What is space? If there is life on other planets besides planet Earth?” And then scientists and designers created the first Vostok spacecraft. The spaceship is complex technical system. And before you put a person in it, the equipment must be checked.
Before man went into space, there were animals. The dog Laika was the first to go into space. At that time, people still knew very little about space, and spacecraft were not yet able to return from orbit. Therefore, Laika remained forever in outer space.
After the successful flight of animals into space, the road to the stars became open for man. After 8 months, on the same spaceship on which the dogs Belka and Strelka flew, a man also went into space. On April 12, 1961, at 6:07 a.m., the Vostok launch vehicle was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.For the first time in the world, a spacecraft with a man on board burst into the expanses of the Universe.
For more than 30 years, all astronauts have been training in the so-called "flying laboratory" while preparing for a flight, for weightlessness. This is the main simulator for working out the skills of working in the absence of attraction to the Earth.
How do astronauts live in a rocket? In space there is no air to breathe, there is no water, and even more so there is no food. All this is loaded into the spacecraft on the ground and then consumed in flight. There is nothing in space but emptiness and sunlight. It is light that powers the spacecraft through solar panels.
On the ship, all objects, including animals, are in a state of weightlessness. On earth, all objects have weight, they are attracted to the earth's surface. This is not the case in space. Inside the spacecraft, all items are fixed on special holders. Otherwise, they would all fly.
International Day of Cosmonautics Sokurova Natalya Gennadievna MAOU secondary school No. 18 April 12 5) All-Russian Olympiad in literature "Pushkin's Tales" 2015 - diploma of the 2nd degree. 6) All-Russian Olympiad on the surrounding world "Breath of Nature" 2015 - 3rd degree diploma.
This launch opened the space age in the history of mankind. April 4, 1957. The launch vehicle "Sputnik" was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome, which put the world's first artificial Earth satellite into low Earth orbit.
The world's first artificial satellite of the Earth with a living being. On November 3, 1957, the Second Soviet artificial earth satellite was launched. On board was the dog Laika.
For the first time in the world, living beings, having been in space, returned to Earth. On August 19, 1960, the Vostok satellite was launched with the dogs Belka and Strelka on board. On August 20, 1960, Belka and Strelka returned safely to Earth.
April 12, 1961 is the day of the triumph of the human mind. This world's first spaceship with a man on board broke into the expanses of the universe. At 06:00, the Vostok launch vehicle launched the Soviet spacecraft Vostok carrying Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into near-Earth orbit. Callsign of the first cosmonaut of the Earth - "Kedr" The flight lasted 1 hour 48 minutes. After completing one revolution around the Earth, the descent module of the ship landed on the territory of the USSR in the Saratov region.
The first daily space flight was made by cosmonaut German Stepanovich Titov from August 6 to 7, 1961 on the Vostok-2 spacecraft. On August 6, 1961, at nine o'clock in the morning Moscow time, on the Vostok-2 spacecraft, he climbed into near-Earth orbit and spent 25 hours 11 m on it, circled the Earth 17 times - so many cosmic dawns were first seen by man. The second astronaut in the world took the first photographs of the Earth, had lunch and dinner for the first time in zero gravity, and, most importantly, managed to sleep in space, which was one of the most important experiments.
The world's first flight into space by a woman was carried out by Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova on June 16 - 19, 1963 on the Vostok-6 spacecraft.
The world's first flight of a multi-seat spacecraft. On October 12, 1964, the Voskhod launch vehicle launched the Soviet spacecraft Voskhod into orbit. Cosmonauts V. Komarov, K. Feoktistov, B. Egorov for the first time in the world flew without space suits.
The first human spacewalk in history was carried out by Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov on March 18, 1965 (Voskhod-2 spacecraft). Alexei Leonov retired from the ship at a distance of up to 5 meters, spent 12 minutes 9 seconds in open space outside the airlock.
December 2, 1971 The descent vehicle of the Mars-3 automatic interplanetary station made a soft landing on the surface of Mars. 1.5 minutes after landing, the station was brought into working condition and began to transmit a video signal to Earth.
The first countries to send their people into space USSR April 12, 1961 USA February 20, 1962 Czechoslovakia March 2, 1978 Poland June 27, 1978 East Germany (East Germany) August 26, 1978 Bulgaria April 10, 1979 Hungary May 26, 1980 Vietnam July 23, 1980 Cuba September 18, 1980 Mongolia 22 March 1981