1. Answer the following questions:

□ Who will (or can) help you, assist in the implementation of your plans?

□ What people, finances, equipment and other resources are foreseen (or desired)?

2. Clarify your options. To do this, answer the following questions:

□ What are:

a) the possibility of achieving the goal?

b) abilities, knowledge, skills, experience?

c) people inclined to help you?

□ What additional resources can be attracted?

3. Analyze other possibilities to achieve the goal. Remember that there are always several ways, and perhaps the one we often resort to is far from optimal (although familiar to us).

Self-development of means to achieve goals

It is important not only to plan and have the means to achieve the set goals, but also to independently seek and develop their own means and methods. For example, regarding the study foreign language it is worth using not only the methods proposed by others, but also developing your own. Having independently developed a method of work, you will make much more effort (the level of motivation for activity will be higher) than when using methods developed by other people. This does not mean that you have to create a completely original technique. It can be your own system, elements of which are borrowed from other methods.

If you set a goal to develop your physical abilities or simply improve your health, then developing your own methodology will increase your enthusiasm much more than inheriting someone else's (although, of course, you are forced to focus on the experience of other people and the achievements of science).

*» Exercise

Analyze the effectiveness of the methods you use. Think of new means to an end.

Write down the prospects associated with achieving the goal

Reflect and write down the answers to the following questions:

□ What promises you in the future to achieve these goals?

G Why is it worth making some effort and overcoming difficulties?

□ List possible long-term outcomes of achieving the goals.

□ Analyze the direct and indirect results and consequences of the activity.

For example, having mastered German, I will be able to:

2) communicate with foreign colleagues and friends;

3) go abroad;

4) get a prestigious and highly paid job.

4.6. Obstacle Analysis and possible difficulties on the way to achieving the goal

Reflect and write down what possible obstacles and difficulties (objective and subjective) can prevent you from achieving your goal.

Subjective. Inertia, difficulties in organizing work, starting a new business, taking the first steps. It is not easy to overcome stereotypes, inertia and take on a new business. But you have to force yourself to take action. Start working, promise yourself that tomorrow or the day after tomorrow you will work on it. In no case do not put off this important matter for you "for later."

Objective. You can refer to the lack of time, but this is not a very appropriate self-justification, because time can always be found. Others may also disapprove, and sometimes even interfere with the implementation of your plans. But that shouldn't scare you. Starting a new business, you are forced to go through certain trials and difficulties; you can stand and win.

____________4.7. When the goal is not reached ____________

If you have not achieved your goals, then try to carefully analyze the reasons for the failure by answering the following questions:

1. Are your goals really that important to you? After all, how

as a rule, those goals in the achievement of which you are not too interested are not achieved. Are your goals still relevant? As new circumstances arise, some goals may become obsolete.

2. How realistic are your goals? Often people put before

fight almost unattainable goals, and then are surprised at their failures.

3. Have you put in enough effort to reach your goal?

It should be remembered that a person does not always make appropriate efforts to achieve goals or is not inclined to overcome difficulties and obstacles.

4. Didn't you retreat early ("give up")?

5. Did you involve others enough in the cause?

(friends, relatives, colleagues, professionals)? Without help

and support any project is doomed to failure. Establishing connections with others helps to advance the case.

4.8. Regulation in time ________ (setting a deadline for achieving the goal) ________

Time is money! Everyone knows this, but, unfortunately, not every one of us uses it rationally. When a person is engaged in many things at the same time, he should not count on success in all matters. Treat your time as a valuable resource.

Analyze the above and answer the following questions:

1. How productively, rationally do you use time, how useful are the things that you did today?

2. How could we work more efficiently, more

rational use of time?

Having set goals and specified them, you should indicate the pace of progress, the deadline for achieving both the final result and individual stages. This will help organize your work. For example, you might plan to work through one section of the book each month. This will give you the opportunity to monitor your progress and gradually move towards the goal.

Schedule the deadlines for the implementation of each intermediate goal (stage).

self control

Fixing the results and self-control significantly affect the motivation of activity. For example, if you decide to lose weight, then posting charts of your own weight will be quite effective. This provides an opportunity to see positive changes (which inspire, cause a desire to improve results) or negative changes (which encourage more radical steps, improve the way you work). The visible results of your efforts bring satisfaction and drive to improve them. And if you see that the results are not improving, then this will serve as a signal that your program needs correction, in

relevant changes will encourage you to analyze the causes of failures and improve the program.

In order to keep track of your achievements, you need to find a criterion by which you can determine even a slight progress towards the goal, even barely noticeable improvements. When the overall goal is not specified, when specific steps are not scheduled, it is more difficult to commit changes.

It is very important to find a means by which you can evaluate your progress towards the goal. This is fairly easy to do in some sports (like running speed or running time). But how to record your progress in learning a foreign language? The criterion can be the number of correctly translated sentences, the percentage of understanding of the text when reading and listening. By evaluating monthly (or weekly, depending on the intensity of classes) the number of correctly translated sentences (or the percentage of understanding of the material), you can get a fairly vivid picture of progress towards the goal and make appropriate adjustments.

For example, in the first month your result is 18 points out of 50 possible. This is a low figure, but still better than last month; there are positive developments. The next month you also get 18 points, which indicates a lack of dynamics. You understand that it is necessary to make appropriate changes to the work, determine typical mistakes and shortcomings and work harder.

It is desirable to carry out self-control in the work on each component of your activity. The more components (highlighted, the better. For example, when studying a foreign language, these can be grammar, vocabulary, phraseological units, etc. By fixing the results of work on each component, you will work more meaningfully and purposefully on achieving the goal.

The more often you do self-monitoring, the better.

How to start a business (work)

When you understand that there is a need for a certain activity, but you do not have enough motivation (motivation), self-hypnosis formulas that you can: independently compose for yourself can help.

As a means of self-regulation and a method of influencing oneself, a kind of “prayer” (self-hypnosis formulas) can act, which should be developed and constantly improved and expanded.

For example, Victor wrote such a text.

“I live not only with close goals (today), but also strive to work for the future. I want to overcome myself and definitely start this business. I am convinced that this is a worthwhile undertaking, and I take upon myself the obligations to undertake it tomorrow.

It is difficult to take only the first step, while you even need to force yourself, and then things will go much easier. I promise myself to bring this matter to an end, and today I begin to work.”

It is advisable for everyone to have their own self-hypnosis formulas, which should be repeated from time to time when there is a lack of motivation. It is worth remembering that if you repeat the “prayer” often, then it can turn into a stamp, a stereotyped set of sentences that you will pronounce mechanically. From time to time, you should change the text, fill the “prayer” with new content.

* Exercise

Write down your text of the “prayer of a business person” (self-hypnosis formula), which will help you start a business and keep you motivated to work at the proper level.

Estimate your project costs and a description of the resources required to implement your project and calculate the total cost of your project.

What resources are required to carry out your project?

A good financial estimate should be as specific as possible and reflect all available funds, their volume and estimated costs. First of all, it is important to determine what kind of material resources are needed and what is the amount (volume) of resources of each type required to achieve the goals. These resources can be categorized such as human resources, technical means, inventory items, means of communication/published materials. Prepare a list of required resources with an indication of their quantity and try to give the most accurate information at the same time.

What is the cost of your project?

It is extremely important to determine the estimated cost of your project, taking into account the time frame you set. Having determined what kind of resources and in what volume you need, you should establish the amount of expenses for each type of resource. To calculate an accurate cost estimate, conduct online research to get the latest information. Reach out to those who already have experience and try to find information about the budget parameters of similar projects. Please note that there are two types of costs: direct and indirect. Both should be reflected in your budget. Remember also that units of calculation are important. How will your costs be calculated: Based on hourly pay per event or per person? Try to keep the chosen order of calculation uniform.

At the same time, consider alternative options so that the budget is not only realistic but also cost-effective. For example, if you want to host a workshop, it may be cheaper to organize it in public place than specifically renting a room. Be sure to check your national rules and regulations, in particular regarding rates wages. Will you have to pay taxes (eg value added tax)? This should also be taken into account when drawing up the cost estimate. When you have finished this work, once again make sure that you have accounted for all expenses. You can even set aside a small reserve to cover miscellaneous expenses—unforeseen costs that may arise during the course of the project. Finally, you should know your budget well, as being able to justify the cost of your project to potential donors will be essential.

Setting project objectives

In order to implement a project to create an online store, it is necessary to determine the tasks by which the Stroyinvest online store will be created.

TK development

Development software product

Implementation

Escort

Schematically, all the tasks that must be performed for the successful implementation of the project and the most efficient implementation of sites can be represented as a hierarchical tree shown in Figure 2.3.1

Figure 2.3.1 - Function tree of project development processes

After creating and structuring the list of tasks, it was necessary to check how the tasks relate to each other and how they correspond to important dates. Together with duration and other scheduling factors, task dependencies play an important role in calculating the start and end dates of tasks. To determine the time frame for the project, a calendar plan works (Figure 2.3.2).

Figure 2.3.2 - project schedule

It represents segments (graphic plates) placed on a horizontal time scale. Each segment corresponds to a separate task or subtask. The tasks and subtasks that make up the plan are placed vertically. The start, end, and length of the segment on the timeline correspond to the start, end, and duration of the task.

All tasks implemented within the framework of this project must be performed in strict sequence. The entire project can be represented as an abstract chain of states of the system being developed, the transition between which is carried out when a certain task or group of tasks is performed. This chain is illustrated in network diagram(Figure 2.3.4)

On this graph, the intermediate states of the project are represented as circles, and the tasks, with the help of which the transition from one state to another is carried out, are represented as arrows connecting them.

Figure 2.3.3 - Network diagram

In a network diagram, there can be multiple paths between start and end events. The path with the longest duration is called the critical path, it is 50 days. The critical path determines the total duration of activities. All other paths have a shorter duration, and therefore the work performed in them has a time reserve, which is 16 days. The duration of the total path is 66 days, by which the execution of this work can be delayed without increasing the total duration of the work.

Resources needed to implement the project

A number of resources are needed to implement the project. This list includes not only human and technical resources, but also communication, as constant communication with the end user provides the project being implemented with maximum efficiency. You can select a list of the main resources of the project.

First of all, it is human resources. Human resources refers to employees of the executing enterprise who spend their working time and use their professional skills to implement the project. The following specialists are required to implement this project:

project curator -

monthly salary 16,000 rubles, 761 rubles a day, 1 hour = 95 rubles;

economist -

monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 570 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

Systems Analyst -

Content manager -

monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 619 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

programmer -

monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

designer -

monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles;

software test engineer -

monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles.

The valuation of the use of specialists is expressed in the payment of wages to these employees by the executing enterprise during the entire period of the project.

Apart from human resource, also, for the implementation of the project it is necessary computer technology. The valuation of the use of this type of resource is expressed in terms of depreciation on the equipment used for the entire period of the project. The cost of one day of use will be 12 rubles.

A variety of communication resources are also involved in the work on the project. In addition to the traditional telephone communication used to clarify the terms of reference, as well as to resolve issues that arise from the performers, Internet access is widely used. The valuation of the use of this type of resources is expressed in the payment of bills of telecom operators and Internet providers at established rates. The cost of one day of use will be 20 rubles. The list of resources is shown in Figure 2.4.1.

Figure 2.4.1 - Project resources

As a result, the total cost of the project is presented in Figure 2.4.2.

graduate work

2.4 Resources required for project implementation

A number of resources are needed to implement the project. This list includes not only human and technical resources, but also communication ones, since constant communication with the end user ensures the maximum efficiency of the project being implemented. You can select a list of the main resources of the project.

First of all, it is human resources. Human resources refers to the employees of the executing enterprise who spend their working time and use their professional skills to carry out the project. The following specialists are required to implement this project:

· project curator - monthly salary 16,000 rubles, day 761 rubles, 1 hour = 95 rubles;

Economist - monthly salary of 12,000 rubles, a day of 570 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

· system analyst -- monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

· content manager -- monthly salary 12,000 rubles, day 619 rubles, 1 hour = 71 rubles;

programmer - monthly salary 14,000 rubles, day 666 rubles, 1 hour = 83 rubles;

designer - monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles;

· software testing engineer - monthly salary 10,000 rubles, day 476 rubles, 1 hour = 59 rubles.

The valuation of the use of specialists is expressed in the payment of wages to these employees by the executing enterprise during the entire period of the project. In addition to the human resource, computer equipment is also necessary for the implementation of the project. The valuation of the use of this type of resource is expressed in terms of depreciation on the equipment used for the entire period of the project. The cost of one day of use will be 12 rubles. A variety of communication resources are also involved in the work on the project. In addition to the traditional telephone communication used to clarify the terms of reference, as well as to resolve issues that arise from the performers, Internet access is widely used. The valuation of the use of this type of resources is expressed in the payment of bills of telecom operators and Internet providers at established rates. The cost of one day of use will be 20 rubles. The list of resources is shown in Figure 2.4.1.

Figure 2.4.1 -- Project resources

As a result, the total cost of the project is presented in Figure 2.4.2.

Figure 2.4.2 -- Total cost of the project

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