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"Environment" is a generalized concept that characterizes the natural conditions in a particular place and the ecological state of the area. Typically, the use of the term refers to the description natural conditions on the surface of the Earth, the state of its local and global ecosystems, including inanimate nature, and their interaction with humans.
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Favorable environment- the environment, the quality of which ensures the sustainable functioning of natural ecological systems, natural and natural-anthropogenic objects.
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Standards in the field of environmental protection (hereinafter also referred to as environmental standards) are established standards for the quality of the environment and standards for permissible impact on it, subject to which the sustainable functioning of natural ecological systems is ensured and biological diversity is preserved.
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The origin of life
Life on Earth originated in the Archaean - about 3.5 billion years ago. This is the age of the oldest organic remains found by paleontologists. The age of the Earth as an independent planet of the solar system is estimated at 4.5 billion years. Thus, we can assume that life originated in the youthful stage of the planet's life. In the Archaean, the first eukaryotes appear - unicellular algae and protozoa. The process of soil formation on land has begun. At the end of the Archean, the sexual process and multicellularity appeared in animal organisms.
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The biosphere is the shell of the Earth inhabited by living organisms and transformed by them. Biosphere
formed 500 million years ago, when the first organisms began to emerge on our planet. It penetrates the entire hydrosphere, the upper part of the lithosphere and the lower part of the atmosphere, that is, it inhabits the ecosphere. The biosphere is the totality of all living organisms. It is home to over 3,000,000 species of plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and insects. Man is also a part of the biosphere, his activity surpasses many natural processes and, as V. I. Vernadsky said, “man becomes a powerful geological force.”
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2 million ago a man appeared - a particle of Nature.
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“Happiness is to be with nature, to see it, to speak with it.” Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy.
- Nature for us is the source of life, natural resources, a source of beauty, inspiration and creative activity. to preserve the amazing and diverse world of nature, you need to know it and love it with all your heart.
- It was nature that surrounded us with its wondrous beauty, nature gave us steppe and forest air, a steep bank with a fast river, a clear sky above our heads.
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Study of the behavior of human activity in the environment
Goals and objectives: Pay attention to your activities and the activities of society in relation to the environment Draw conclusions and adjust your behavior Find ways to solve and help the environment
Human impact on the environment Impact is the direct impact of human economic activity on the natural environment. All types of impact can be classified into four main types: - intentional; - unintentional; - direct; - indirect (mediated).
Intentional exposure occurs in the process material production in order to meet certain social needs. These include: mining, deforestation
Unintended impact occurs incidentally with the first type of impact, in particular mining open way leads to a decrease in the level of groundwater, to pollution of the air basin, to the formation of man-made landforms
Direct impacts take place in the case of a direct impact of human economic activity on the environment, in particular, irrigation (irrigation) directly affects the soil and changes all the processes associated with it.
Indirect impacts occur indirectly - through chains of interrelated influences. Thus, intentional indirect impacts are the use of fertilizers and a direct impact on crop yields, while unintended ones are the impact of aerosols on the amount of solar radiation (especially in cities), etc.
In historical terms, there are several stages of changes in the biosphere by mankind, which led to ecological crises and revolutions, namely: - the influence of mankind on the biosphere as an ordinary biological species; - intensive hunting without changes in ecosystems during the formation of mankind; - changes in ecosystems as a result of processes that occur naturally: grazing, increased grass growth by burning autumn and spring dead wood, and the like; - intensification of the impact on nature by plowing the soil and cutting down forests; - global changes in all ecological components of the biosphere as a whole.
Human influence on the biosphere comes down to four main forms: 1) a change in the structure of the earth's surface (plowing of steppes, deforestation, land reclamation, the creation of artificial reservoirs and other changes in the regime of surface waters, etc.) 2) a change in the composition of the biosphere, the circulation and balance of those substances that make it up (mining, creating dumps, emissions of various substances into the atmosphere and water bodies) 3) changes in the energy, in particular heat, balance of individual regions of the globe and the entire planet 4) changes that are made to biota (a set of living organisms) in as a result of the destruction of some species, the destruction of their natural habitats, the creation of new breeds of animals and plant varieties, their movement to new habitats, and the like.
I consider my impact to be unintentional and indirect. For example, in the city I do not throw garbage in the wrong place, but I do not separate garbage and am not responsible for its disposal. So maybe I'm polluting the environment. There is also a merciless waste of electricity and fresh water reserves. I always have a mother at home with a little brother who turns on the light everywhere and everywhere, even if you turn it off, it turns on. And personally, when I come, I immediately turn on the computer and until late at night. We also use a lot of water. The only thing that limits our spending is the counters.
But my behavior is completely different outside the city (in the countryside). I deliberately influence the soil: I fertilize, water and pull out weeds, we also fight pest rodents (mole and karbysh).
But in the villages we are separating garbage: into organic and inorganic. We take out the inorganic to the designated places, and throw the organic into the pit for rotting with further use in the garden.
I can’t say that I pollute the environment a lot, but I also do little to save it, with the exception of subbotniks with a class from the school. But if each of us thinks about this problem and wants to help the world around us, then the small contribution of each person will be huge for humanity.
The purpose of my essay is to reveal and show how the influence of society invades the natural environment, how its negative impacts affect many natural processes. The following tasks follow from this: - to analyze the problem of the negative impact of society on the environment; - to reveal the reasons for the negative impact of mankind on the world around.
The relationship of man, society, nature. Man, society and nature are interconnected. Man simultaneously lives in nature and in society, is a biological and social being. In social science, nature is understood as the natural environment of a person. It is impossible to analyze society without taking into account its interaction with nature, since it lives in nature.
With the transition of the main part of mankind to a productive economy, the state of nature began to deteriorate. Plowing the land, people dried up the soil and burned the forests. In the Middle Ages, the population grew, metal tools, the development of shipbuilding, and construction became widespread. All this increased the load on the ground. The depletion of soils, pastures, and the reduction of forest area began. The negative impact of human economic activity has especially increased in the era of industrial society. Interaction of society and nature.
Scientific and technological progress generates more and more powerful sources of destruction and pollution of the natural environment. About 1 billion tons of standard fuel are burned annually, hundreds of millions of tons of harmful substances, soot, ash, and dust are emitted into the atmosphere. Soils and waters are littered with industrial and domestic effluents, oil products, mineral fertilizers, and radioactive waste.
Formation of human ecological consciousness Ecological consciousness is an understanding of the need to protect nature, awareness of the consequences of a negligent attitude towards it. Each individual is responsible for maintaining both certain types animals and plants, and in general life on Earth. In the process of life, each person is affected by objects and phenomena, events and other people that make up the world around him. Unlike the animal, he definitely relates to his life activity, that is, to his own attitude.
Nature Protection The problem of nature protection can be solved only by the united efforts of the peoples and countries of the whole world. Nature conservation must be done government bodies authorities, industrialists, public organizations and citizens. Many countries have developed national environmental programs and adopted laws on environmental protection. Problems related to nature conservation are discussed by scientists, public figures, politicians on international conferences on the environment. Everyone is well aware of the movement of "green" - environmentalists.
Legislative acts have been adopted in Russia defining the rules of environmental behavior industrial enterprises, organizations, citizens. These rules are reflected in the Constitution. Russian Federation and the Law on Environmental Protection. The Constitution of the Russian Federation enshrined, and the duty of a citizen to preserve nature and the environment, carefully treats natural resources.
Impact of society on the environment, solution environmental issues largely depends on the upbringing of the younger generation. overcoming ecological crisis only technical means impossible. The protection of nature is the task of our century, a problem that has become a social one. A state that does not pay due attention to environmental problems deprives itself of the future.
Along with the new modernization, humanity will have to create a new culture in the relationship between people and with nature, the subject of which is man. It should be based on universal upbringing and education, which it is natural to call ecological.
