Genetics Chief editor: Yankovsky Nikolay Kazimirovich. Genetics Editor-in-Chief: Nikolay Kazimirovich Yankovsky Terms used in the Agreement

Scientific and practical peer-reviewed journal

In 2017, the publication was included in the List of peer-reviewed scientific publications in which the main scientific results of dissertations for the degree of candidate of science, for the degree of doctor of science should be published

Scientific specialties:

03.03.01 - Physiology (biological sciences),

03.03.01 - Physiology (veterinary sciences),

03.03.05 - Developmental biology, embryology (biological sciences),

06.02.01 - Diagnosis of diseases and therapy of animals, pathology, oncology and morphology of animals (veterinary sciences),

06.02.06 - Veterinary obstetrics and biotechnology of animal reproduction (agricultural sciences),

06.02.06 - Veterinary obstetrics and biotechnology of animal reproduction (veterinary sciences),

06.02.07 - Breeding, selection and genetics of farm animals (agricultural sciences),

06.02.07 - Breeding, selection and genetics of farm animals (biological sciences),

06.02.08 - Feed production, feeding of farm animals and feed technology (biological sciences),

06.02.08 - Feed production, feeding of farm animals and feed technology (agricultural sciences),

06.04.01 - Fisheries and aquaculture (biological sciences)

The journal is an effective professionally oriented information resource, designed to publish the latest research results in the field of genetics and animal breeding.

The main goal of the journal is to highlight the latest results of scientific and scientific-practical research by domestic and foreign scientists on modern problems of fundamental and applied animal genetics, as well as on all tasks of breeding and breeding farm animals, the solution of which contributes to the optimal realization of their genetic potential.

Currently, the journal is a popular publication addressed to a wide range of specialists working in the field of animal husbandry, including practicing breeders, veterinarians, researchers (geneticists, biologists), specialists in nutrition, reproduction and immunogenetics, developers of drugs for veterinary medicine and supplementary nutrition. .

The journal regularly publishes analytical reviews covering the current state of experimental and clinical research in the field of genetics and animal breeding. Most of the published articles are the results of specific genetic and biological research. Some of the articles are devoted to research on the prevention and treatment of diseases, the organization of a complete and balanced feeding of animals. The journal also publishes a description of current breeding technologies focused on practical implementation or actively used in everyday practice, news from the life of the professional community is covered (information about planned and held scientific and practical conferences and seminars, about educational programs, memorable dates and anniversaries of prominent specialists).

In every room "Genetics and Animal Breeding" 10-12 articles are published on average. 4 issues are published a year, each of them is approximately 80-90 pages long. The journal is always open to new ideas, creating a wide scientific and discussion platform for professionals.

ISSN 2410-2733 (Print)

Subscription index in the United Catalog "Press of Russia" - 43354

The journal publishes both reviews and experimental articles in the field of theoretical and applied genetics, reflecting fundamental studies of genetic processes at the molecular, cellular, organismal and population levels. Special attention given the most topical issues modern genetics, concerning global issues of global importance, such as the conservation and rational use of genetic resources and the assessment, prediction and prevention of negative genetic consequences of environmental pollution.

The journal is peer-reviewed and included in the List of Higher Attestation Commission for the publication of works of applicants for scientific degrees. Since 2010, it has been included in the RSCI system.

The journal was founded in 1965.

Chief Editor

N.K. Yankovsky

Editorial team

A.P. Ryskov (deputy chief editor), S.K. Abilev (deputy chief editor), S.A. Bruskin (executive secretary), A.V. Vasiliev, A.M. Voronin, V.A. Gvozdev, E.K. Ginter, T.A. Ezhova, I.A. Zakharov-Gesehus, S.G. Inge-Vechtomov, N.A. Kolchanov, A.M. Kudryavtsev, J1.A. Lutova, A.S. Mironov, D.V. Politov, A. Yu. Rzhetsky (USA), V.P. Puzyrev, N.B. Rubtsov, M.V. Kholodova, E.K. Khusnutdinova

B.G. Debabov, Y. Dubrova (Great Britain), A.V. Kilchevsky (Belarus), S.V. Kostrov, K. Krutovsky (Germany), S.A. Limborska, K.G. Skryabin, I.A. Tikhonovich, D. Watson (USA), S.V. Shestakov, V.K. Noisy

Head editorial

E.V. Tikhomirov

Information for print subscribers

subscription index of the publication 70211
issues per year 12
Subscription price for the publication for the minimum subscription period:

• for the second half of 2019 - 1700.00 rubles.

You can subscribe to the printed version:

• through ICC "Akademkniga", contact e-mail: [email protected]
• in post offices according to the catalog "Press of Russia"
• as well as on the websites of subscription agencies

Subscription is possible from any number.

Journal "Genetics"

Genetics, as a science in our country, has gone through very difficult times. During the years of Stalinism, it was not recognized as a science, leading genetic scientists were imprisoned and, in the end, the genetic scientific school in the USSR, which occupied a leading position in the world.
The revival of genetics as a science began only in the 60s. The country was thrown back in scientific research two decades ago, so genetics began to develop very rapidly. In 1965, the first issue of the Genetics magazine was published. This was a real revolutionary breakthrough after the era of Lysenkoism. The journal "Genetics" then united around itself all scientists involved in this field of science, and made a significant contribution to the revival of genetics in the Soviet Union.

Journal "Genetics" - covered issues

The journal "Genetics" publishes on its pages scientific reviews and experimental studies of applied genetics by domestic and foreign scientists. It reflects fundamental scientific research into genetic processes that take place at the molecular, cellular and population level. Modern genetics is a science of global importance, therefore the journal "Genetics" covers the most relevant and global problems concerning the conservation and rational use of genetic resources. The journal "Genetics" makes a significant contribution to the assessment and prediction of negative genetic consequences associated with environmental pollution.

The journal "Genetics" dedicates its readers to the history of the development of genetic science in the world, publishes articles about the famous founders of this area of ​​theoretical and practical science, the strategy for the development of modern genetic science.
The journal "Genetics" builds its work on the publication of author's articles. It publishes the results of original research in various fields of modern genetic science, review articles and publications on the theory of science that are of interest to the scientific community. The journal "Genetics" also publishes short reviews and reviews of articles, information about the work of scientific and practical conferences, announcements of the release of scientific books, open letters to the editor.

The journal "Genetics" is published once a month, it is administered by the Russian Academy of Sciences and is published by the "Nauka" publishing house. The high scientific prestige of the journal in the world is confirmed by the release of the English version of the journal.
The main areas of genetic science covered in the journal "Genetika"
The journal "Genetics" publishes publications in the field of cell genetics and cytology. These articles cover the issues of the genetic structure of cells, the organization of the reproduction of cellular structures in normal and pathological conditions.

In the field of genetic biotechnologies, the theoretical provisions of the general and molecular genetics of microorganisms and viruses, as well as plants and animals, genetic selection, medical genetics and genetic engineering are revealed. The journal "Genetics" also publishes scientific chronicles and information, bibliography and discussion materials. Leading scientists from problematic issues in various fields of genetic science.

The journal "Genetics" consists of the following headings:
· Review and theoretical articles;
· General genetics;
· Molecular genetics;
· Genetics of microorganisms;
plant genetics;
Animal genetics;
human genetics;
· Brief messages;
· Chronology.

Journal "Genetics": the leading printed edition of genetic scientists of domestic and world science.

Scientometric indicators

Usage

• 24524 Full Text Downloads 2018

  Springer measures the number of downloads of full texts from the SpringerLink platform in accordance with COUNTER (Counting Online Usage of NeTworked Electronic Resources) standards.

• 26 Usage factor 2017/2018

  The usage factor is a value calculated according to the rules recommended by COUNTER. This is the average (median) number of downloads in 2017/18. for all articles published online in the same journal during the same period. The usage factor calculation is based on data that complies with the COUNTER standards on the SpringerLink platform.

Influence

• 0.559 Impact Factor 2018

  Impact factor published by Clarivate Analytics in Journal Citation Reports. Impact factors refer to the previous year.

• 0.43 Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) 2018

  Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) measures a journal's contextual citation impact by weighting the citations in each subject group. The contribution of each individual citation is the higher in each specific subject category, the less likely (for reasons of subject content) that such a citation will occur.

• Q4 Quartile: Genetics 2018

  A set of journals from the same subject category are ranked according to their SJR and divided into 4 groups called quartiles. Q1 (green) combines the journals with the highest scores, Q2 (yellow) - following them, Q3 (orange orange) - the third group in terms of SJR, Q4 (red) - journals with the lowest scores.

• 0.22 SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2018

  SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) is a measure of a journal's scientific impact that takes into account the number of citations a journal receives and the rating of citing journals.

• 21 Hirsch index 2018

SCOPE

Russian Journal of Genetics is a journal intended to make a significant contribution to the development of genetics. The journal publishes reviews and experimental papers in the areas of theoretical and applied genetics. It presents fundamental research on genetic processes at molecular, cell, organism, and population levels, including problems of the conservation and rational management of genetic resources and the functional genomics, evolutionary genomics and medical genetics.

Indexing and referencing

Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch), Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), Google Scholar, AGRICOLA, Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CNKI, Current Abstracts, EBSCO Academic Search, EBSCO Biomedical Reference Collection, EBSCO Central & Eastern European Academic Source (CEEAS), EBSCO Discovery Service, EBSCO STM Source, EBSCO TOC Premier, EMBiology, Gale, Gale Academic OneFile, Gale InfoTrac, Global Health, OCLC WorldCat Discovery Service, ProQuest-ExLibris Primo, ProQuest-ExLibris Summon, Reaxys, Zoological Record.

The journal Genetika was founded in 1965, shortly after the end of the Lysenko era, when genetics was considered a reactionary pseudoscience. The journal made a significant contribution to the revival of genetics in the Soviet Union. The journal Genetika publishes both reviews and experimental articles in the field of theoretical and applied genetics, reflecting fundamental studies of genetic processes at the molecular, cellular, organismal and population levels. Particular attention is paid to the most pressing problems of modern genetics, concerning global issues of global importance, such as the conservation and rational use of genetic resources and the assessment, prediction and prevention of negative genetic consequences of environmental pollution.

Archive of scientific articles from the journal "Genetics"

• AFLP ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN THE GENUS MALUS MILL. (APPLE TREE)

  A. M. Kudryavtsev, E. N. Savelieva - 2015

  For the first time, a molecular genetic analysis of apple species and varieties of Russian collections was carried out using AFLP-marking in order to study the genetic diversity in the genus Malus, as well as to clarify the phylogeny and solve some problems. contentious issues systematics of the genus. The study included 91 apple samples, including species from five sections of the genus Malus, as well as hybrid species. The level of polymorphism was 90.2%. It is shown that the classical taxonomy of the genus Malus, which distinguishes five sections based on differences in morphological characters, is legitimate and can be used to classify the apple tree. Species affiliation of varieties of Russian folk selection Antonovka has been established all of them belong to the species M. domestica. It is shown that the Yakutskaya apple variety is a domesticated species of the section Gymnomeles, presumably the species M. baccata. As a result of AFLP analysis, it was possible to confirm the hybridity of many species. Golden series apple cultivars have been shown to be related to American wild species. Data have been obtained indicating that the species M. sieversii was the ancestor not only of the domestic apple tree, but also of other species of the section Malus.

• ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION IN CHINESE CABBAGE (BRASSICA RAPA L. SSP. PEKINENSIS) AFTER CONTINUOUS SEEDLING BREEDING

  GUO M.H., TAO L., WANG X.L., ZHANG Y.W. - 2015

  Vernalization plays a key role in the bolting and flowering of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). Plants can switch from vegetative to reproductive growth and then bolt and flower under low temperature induction. The economic benefits of Chinese cabbage will decline significantly when the bolting happens before the vegetative body fully grows due to a lack of the edible value. It was found that continuous seedling breeding reduced the heading of Chinese cabbage and led to bolt and flower more easily. In the present study, two inbred lines, termed A161 and A105, were used as experiment materials. These two lines were subjected to vernalization and formed four types: seeds-seedling breeding once, seedling breeding twice, seedling breeding thrice and normal type. Differences in plant phenotype were compared. DNA methylation analysis was performed based on MSAP method. The differential fragments were cloned and analyzed by qPCR. The results showed that plants after seedling breeding thrice had a loosen heading leaves, elongated center axis and were easier to bolt and flower. It is suggested that continuous seedling breeding had a weaker winterness. It was observed that genome methylation levels decreased with increasing generation. Four differential genes were identified, short for BraAPC1, BraEMP3, BraUBC26, and BraAL5. Fluorescent qPCR analysis showed that expression of four genes varied at different reproduction modes and different vernalization time. It is indicated that these genes might be involved in the development and regulation of bolting and flowering of plants. Herein, the molecular mechanism that continuous seedling breeding caused weaker winterness was analyzed preliminarily. It plays an important guiding significance for Chinese cabbage breeding.

• ATPASE 8/6 GENE BASED GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF SNAKEHEAD MURREL, CHANNA STRIATA (PERCIFORMES, CHANNIDAE)

  BAISVAR V.S., CHAUHAN U.K., KUMAR R., KUSHWAHA B., NAGPURE N.S., SINGH A.K., SINGH M. - 2015

  The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ATPase 8/6 gene has been used in phylogenetic as well as in phylogeographic studies along with other mtDNA markers. In this study, ATPase gene sequences were used to assess the genetic structuring and phylogeographic patterns in Channa striata. Out of 884 nucleotide positions generated in ATPase 8/6 genes, 76 were polymorphic. The study suggested 23 unique haplotypes from 67 individuals of nine populations collected from different riverine systems of India. The ATPase 8/6 sequence revealed highest haplotype as well as nucleotide diversities in Imphal River population and lowest diversities in Tapti River population. The pattern of genetic diversity and haplotype network indicated distinct mitochondrial lineages for Chaliyar population, whereas mismatch distribution strongly suggested a population expansion in mid pleistocene epoch (0.4 Mya) with distinct genetic structuring in C. striata. The baseline information on genetic variation and the population sub-structuring would facilitate conservation and management of this important snakehead murrel.

• CKM GENE POLYMORPHISM IN RUSSIAN AND POLISH ROWERS

  AHMETOV I.I., CIESZCZYK P., CZUBEK Z., EIDER J., FEDOTOVSKAYA O.N., KLOCEK T., MACIEJEWSKA-KARLOWSKA A., MOSKA W., SAWCZUK M., STEPIEN-SLODKOWSKA M., ZAREBSKA A. - 2015

  Muscle-specific creatine kinase (CKMM) plays a vital role in the energy homeostasis of muscle cells. The A/G variation (rs8111989) located in the -untranslated region of the CKM gene has been found to be the most relevant in terms of genetic testing in sport. The aim of the presented study was to test the hypothesis that the G allele might represent a genetic element that contributes to the improvement of endurance performance in Polish and Russian rowers. The distribution of the CKM genotypes was examined in a group of Polish and Russian athletes in comparison with non-athlete controls. There were no statistical differences between the rowers and the control groups across the CKM genotypes when Polish or Russian participants were analyzed. Based on the obtained results, it may be speculated that the CKM A/G polymorphism is not an important determinant of endurance performance level in Polish and Russian rowers. However, these results should be interpreted with caution as they can be limited by many factors. -untranslated region of the CKM gene has been found to be the most relevant in terms of genetic testing in sport. The aim of the presented study was to test the hypothesis that the G allele might represent a genetic element that contributes to the improvement of endurance performance in Polish and Russian rowers. The distribution of the CKM genotypes was examined in a group of Polish and Russian athletes in comparison with non-athlete controls. There were no statistical differences between the rowers and the control groups across the CKM genotypes when Polish or Russian participants were analyzed. Based on the obtained results, it may be speculated that the CKM A/G polymorphism is not an important determinant of endurance performance level in Polish and Russian rowers. However, these results should be interpreted with caution as they can be limited by many factors.

• COMBINATION OF GENETIC AND HUMANITARIAN (CROSS-CULTURAL) METHODS TO IDENTIFY HUMAN GENES INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION TO EVOLUTIONARY NEW ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

  Borinskaya S.A., Yankovsky N.K. - 2015

  Human settlement from the African ancestral home was accompanied by cultural and genetic adaptation to new environmental conditions (climate, infections, diet, etc.). Previously, we were the first to propose an approach to identifying human genes presumably involved in adaptation to evolutionarily new factors. external environment based on a combination of genetic and humanitarian research methods. To search for the genes involved in adaptation and the environmental factors to which this adaptation occurs, we tried to find correlations between the population allele frequencies of the gene under study and the formalized descriptions of the characteristics of the habitat of ethnic groups given in J. P. Murdoch's Ethnographic Atlas. In this review, we summarize our own data on the experimental determination of the allele frequencies of lactase (LCT*), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) genes in Russian populations. Based on these data and materials available to us from other researchers, we have generated maps of the global distribution of allele frequencies of these genes. We have found a correlation between the allele frequencies of these genes in populations with the presence of certain environmental factors in which these populations live. It was also confirmed that the evolutionarily young allele LCT*-13910T, which determines the persistence of lactase and the possibility of drinking milk in adults, is common in populations that are characterized by dairy farming. We have shown for the first time in the analysis of 68 populations that the frequency of the human ancestral allele APOE e4, which affects lipid metabolism, is higher in groups with a high contribution of hunting and gathering. Our data support the hypothesis that it was the e4 allele that was subject to selection, while the e3 allele was less important for adaptation. We also showed for the first time that the evolutionarily young ADH1B*48His allele, which determines high speed metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde, is present with high frequency in those populations in which filariasis is endemic. The data obtained indicate the possible involvement of endogenous ADH1B gene substrates or their metabolites in resistance to filaria and open up a new path in the development of drugs for this widespread human disease.

• DEVELOPMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF EST-SSR MARKER FOR THE GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG TOBACCOS (NICOTIANA TABACUM L.)

  CAI C., CHENG L., FENG J., TONG C., YANG Y. - 2015

  Because of the advantages of EST-SSR markers, it has been employed as powerful markers for genetic diversity analysis, comparative mapping and phylogenetic studies. In this study, a total of 429,869 tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) ESTs were downloaded from the public databases, which offers an opportunity to identify SSRs in ESTs by data mining, and 38,165 SSRs were identified from 379,967 uni-ESTs with the frequency of one SSR per 5.52 kb. Mono- and tri-nucleotide repeat motifs were the dominant repeat types, accounting for 40.53 and 34.51% of all SSRs, respectively. After eliminating mononucleotide-containing sequences, 86 pairs of primers were designed to amplify in four tobacco accessions. Only 15 primers (17.44%) showed polymorphism, and then they were further used to assess genetic diversity of 20 tobacco accessions. Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average dendrograms (UPGMA) and principal coordinates analysis plots (PCA) revealed genetic differentiation between N. rustica and N. tabacum, and between oriental tobacco and other accessions of N. tabacum. The present study reported the development of EST-SSR markers in tobacco by exploiting EST databases, and confirmed the effective way to develop markers. These EST-SSRs can serve in studies on cultivar identification, genetic diversity analysis, and genetics in tobacco.

• DEVELOPMENT OF PCR-BASED SNP MARKER OF RICE WAXY GENEWITH CONFRONTING TWO-PAIR PRIMERS

  CAI H., CHENG J., WU J., XU D., YOU A., ZHANG Z., ZHOU L. - 2015

  Rice amylose content (AC) is a key determinant for grain end-use quality attributes. The base substitution (G T) at +1 loci of the first intron (In1) of Waxy (Wx), a major gene controlling AC in rice, results in decreased AC. A new SNP typing method of Wx In1 based on polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers (PCR-CTPP) was reported here: first its practicability was confirmed by 23 varieties with known SNPs and AC; and then the segregation ratio at target SNP loci were checked and it fitted well for 1: 2: 1 single gene segregation; at last SNP typing and AC assay with 150 mini core collections (MCC) in China showed that average AC of 53 G type varieties (22.5%) was significantly higher than that of 97 T type varieties (13.7%) (p< 0.01) and the target SNP loci explained 77.8% AC variation. So this method could be used to estimate AC of rice variety roughly or in marker-assisted breeding, that is, using variety with known and desired AC as Wx allele donor parent and aided with crossbreed, backcross and marker-assisted selection (MAS) reported here, rice breeders could improve AC of varieties with comprehensively excellent performance to meet special end-products.

• DEVELOPMENT OF POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITES FOR MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA, THROUGH SCREENING PREDICTED MICROSATELLITE LOCI BASED ON GENOME SEQUENCE

  LI E.F., MAO Z.C., WANG G., XIE B.Y. - 2015

  Microsatellites are extensively distributed in the eukaryotic genome, and they are widely used for their high polymorphism and accessibility. The microsatellites in M. incognita, a worldwide agriculture pest, are inadequate for diversity research. A repertoire of 1620 microsatellites appeared appropriate to design primer as markers were identified based on the M. incognita genome. 120 loci were chosen as candidate, from which 88 microsatellites were characterized. Finally, we found 13 polymorphic microsatellites with 2 to 23 alleles in a survey of three nematode populations in China, while other positive loci were monomorphic. These new molecular markers afford to genetic diversity analysis in M. incognita population of poorly investigation. Furthermore, the predicted microsatellites have potential values ​​for other plant parasitic nematodes.

• DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF PORCINE TAP1 GENE IN THE POPULATIONS OF PIGS

  BAO W.B., SUN L., SUN S.Y., WU S.L., YIN X.M., ZHU S.P. - 2015

  Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) transports peptides from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for subsequent loading onto the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. TAP is composed of two subunits: TAPl and TAP2. Using Real-time PCR technology, this study detected tissue expression profile and analyzed the differential expression of TAP1 gene in Sutai Escherichia coli-resistant group, Yorkshire and Meishan pigs. Tissue expression profile revealed that TAP1 gene expressed in all tissues we detected, and the expression levels were high in lung, immune tissues and intestines. Through the comparison of gene expression differention in different populations, TAP1 expression level of Sutai E. coli-resistant group was significantly higher than that of Yorkshire and Meishan populations in liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, lymph, duodenum and jejunum (P< 0.05). Meanwhile TAP1 gene was more highly expressed in Sutai E. coli-resistant group than that of Meishan population in stomach (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the upregulation of TAP1 expression level in E. coli-resistant group could be related to E. coli F18 infection. In addition, Chinese local pigs may have special immune response and genetic mechanism in resisting E. coli F18 infection which is differing from MHC I moleculars.

• FURTHER RESOLVING THE PHYLOGENY OF MYXOGASTRIA (SLIME MOLDS) BASED ON COI AND SSU RRNA GENES

  CHEN SH. L., LIU Q. SH., YAN SH. ZH. - 2015

  To date, molecular systematics of Myxogastria has been based primarily on small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) and elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1) genes. To establish a natural classification system for the organisms, we examined phylogenetic relationships among myxogastrian species using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and SSU rRNA genes. Twenty new sequences were obtained, including 10 COI and 10 SSU rRNA sequences, were compared with sequences of related species from GenBank in order to construct phylogenic trees. The analysis of the two data sets supported the modern phylogeny of myxogastria: orders Liceida and Trichiida formed a sister group at the most basal clade, while orders Stemonitida and Physarida formed a close group, and order Echinostelida was a sister group to Stemonitida and Physarida. However, the partial COI sequences were too conserved to resolve of the branches in Stemonitida and Physarida. In addition, we also considered the specific edited mRNA events of COI sequences in myxogastrian species.

• GENETIC DIVERSITY, PARENTAGE VERIFICATION AND GENETIC BOTTLENECKS EVALUATION IN IRANIAN TURKMEN HORSE BREED

  FARHADI A., NEJATI-JAVAREMI A., RAHIMI-MIANJI G. - 2015

  The present study was undertaken to genetically evaluate Turkmen horses for genetic diversity and to evaluate whether they have experienced any recent genetic bottlenecks. A total of 565 individuals from Turkmen horses were characterized for within breed diversity using 12 microsatellite markers. The estimated mean allelic diversity was (9.42 ± 1.78) per locus, with a total of 131 alleles in genotyped samples. A high level of genetic variability within this breed was observed in terms of high values ​​of effective number of alleles (4.70 ± 1.36), observed heterozygosity (0.757 ± 0.19), expected Neis heterozygosity (0.765 ± 0.13), and polymorphism information content (0.776 ± 0.17). The estimated cumulative probability of exclusion of wrongly named parents (PE) was high, with an average value of 99.96% that indicates the effectiveness of applied markers in resolving of parentage typing in Turkmen horse population. The paternity testing results did not show any misidentification and all selected animals were qualified based on genotypic information using a likelihood-based method. Low values ​​of Wrights fixation index, FIS (0.012) indicated low levels of inbreeding. A significant heterozygote excess on the basis of different models, as revealed from Sign and Wilcoxon sign rank test suggested that Turkmen horse population is not in mutation-drift equilibrium. But, the Mode-shift indicator test showed a normal ‘L shaped distribution for allelic class and proportion of alleles, thus indicating the absence of bottleneck events in the recent past history of this breed. Further research work should be carried out to clarify the cause of discrepancy observed for bottleneck results in this breed. In conclusion, despite unplanned breeding in Turkmen horse population, this breed still has sufficient genetic variability and could provide a valuable source of genetic material that may be used for meeting the demands of future breeding programs.

• GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIES QTLS FOR EBV OF BACKFAT THICKNESS AND AVERAGE DAILY GAIN IN DUROC PIGS

  DING N.S., HUANG L.S., LONG Y., REN J., RUAN G.R., SU Y., XIAO S.J., ZHANG Z.Y. - 2015

  Backfat thickness (BFT) and average daily gain (ADG) are two important economic traits in commercial swine production. Identifying QTLs and uncovering the molecular mechanism for BFT and ADG would greatly help to speed up the breeding progress. In current breeding program, EBV for these two traits are calculated and formulated a comprehensive breeding index, which then be used to improve pig performance. Using Illumina PorcineSNP60 BeadChip, a pilot genomewide association studies (GWAS) for BFT and ADG in 83 Duroc pigs were performed. A total of 31 genome-wise significant SNPs were detected to be associated with BFT on SSC 4, 9, 11, 12 and 14, ten of which were coincident with previously reported QTL regions. There are two genome-wise loci prominently associated with ADG on SSC2 and SSC13, respectively. The two loci on SSC2 are well overlapped with the QTL regions previously reported. All the 31 significant SNPs associated with BFT are verified on 219 outbreed pigs, six SNPs reach an extreme significant level and seven SNPs reach a significant level, CACNA1E and ACBD6 are chosen as positional candidate genes. Our findings not only confirmed previously findings, but also revealed a number of novel SNPs associated with BFT and ADG. Two positional candidate genes CACNA1E and ACBD6 were identified for further study. These results would facilitate the identification of causative genes for BFT and ADG.

• ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF 15 MICROSATELLITE LOCI FOR OPHICEPHALUS ARGUS CANTOR

  BAO F., XIA H., XIAO M. - 2015

  The isolation and development of 15 polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite loci were described for Ophicephalus argus from the Huaihe River. All loci were polymorphic in the 30 individuals tested. The number of alleles per variable locus ranged from nine to seventeen, with a mean of 12.00. These novel microsatellite loci showed a high level of polymorphism. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.793 to 0.929 and from 0.841 to 0.952, respectively. Two loci were found deviated from HWE in the sampled population after Bonferroni correction. These microsatellite loci will be useful for revealing population structure, genetic diversity, and phylogeography of Ophicephalus argus.

• MARKER ASSISTED EVALUATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC ATTRIBUTES OF SUB-POPULATIONS OF NILI-RAVI BUFFALO: A VULNERABLE DAIRY TYPE RIVERINE BREED OF INDIA

  DEB S.M., DUBEY P.K., GOYAL S., JOSHI B.K., KATARIA R.S., KATHIRAVAN P., MISHRA B.P., SADANA D.K., SINGH G. - 2015

  In the present study, we report the distribution of true to type and atypical Nili-Ravi buffalo, a vulnerable dairy type riverine breed of North India and its underlying genetic structure. Out of total investigation buffaloes 73.5% had bilateral wall eyes while 5.4% had unilateral wall eyes and 21.1% had no wall eyes. 41.15% of Nili-Ravi buffaloes maintained in the breeding farm were having typical true to the type characteristics (both eyes walled, white markings in forehead, muzzle/chin, all the four legs and tail) while only 28.5% of Nili-Ravi buffaloes were true to the type under field conditions. Genotypic data were generated in four groups of Nili-Ravi buffalo (FMTNR Typical Nili-Ravi from farm; FMANR Atypical Nili-Ravi from farm; FDTNR Typical Nili-Ravi from field; FDANR Atypical Nili-Ravi from field) at 16 microsatellite loci. Comparative genetic analysis of various groups of Nili-Ravi buffaloes with Murrah revealed significant between group differences with an estimated global FST of 0.063. Pairwise FST values ​​ranged from 0.003 (between FDTNR and FDANR) to 0.112 (between FMTNR and FDTNR). Phylogenetic analysis and multi-dimensional scaling revealed clustering of FDTNR and FDANR together while FMTNR and FMANR clustered separately with Murrah in between farm and field Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Based on the results, the paper also proposes three pronged strategies for conservation and sustainable genetic improvement of Nili-Ravi buffalo in India.

KLOSINSKA U., KOZIK E.U., STANIASZEK M., SZCZECHURA W. - 2015

Downy mildew of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. et Curt.) Rostovzev, is one of the most important foliar diseases of cucurbit crops. Two parental lines resistant PI 197085, susceptible PI 175695 and their F2 generation were used in our study. Inheritance of resistance to Pseudoperonospora cubensis in PI 197085 was quantitative. JoiMap 4.1 and MapQTL 6.0 software was used for a linkage groups construction and QTL mapping. Three QTLs were detected: DM1, DM2, DM3. The loci were mapped on chromosome 5 of cucumber genome. Molecular analysis confirmed results of classical quantitative genetics indicating that resistance to Pseudoperonospora cubensis in PI 197085 is a polygenic trait.

• SIRE1 RETROTRANSPOSONS IN BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE L.)

  CAKMAK B., GOZUKIRMIZI N., MARAKLI S. - 2015

  Sireviruses are genera of copia LTR retrotransposons with a unique genome structure among retrotransposons. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an economically important plant. In this study, we used mature barley embryos, 10-day-old roots and 10-day-old leaves derived from the same barley plant to investigate SIRE1 retrotransposon movements by Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) technique. We found polymorphism rates between 064% among embryos, roots and leaves. Polymorphism rates were detected to be 027% among embryos, 860% among roots, and 1150% among leaves. Polymorphisms were observed not only among the parts of different individuals, but also on the parts of the same plant (2364%). The internal domains of SIRE1 (GAG, ENV and RT) were also analyzed in the embryos, roots and leaves. Analysis of band profiles showed no polymorphism for GAG, however, different band patterns were observed among samples for RT and ENV. The sequencing of SIRE1 GAG, ENV and RT domains revealed 79% similarity for GAG, 96% for ENV and 83% for RT to copia retrotransposons. Comparison between barley retrotransposons and SIRE1 in barley indicated that SIRE1-GAG, ENV and RT might be diverge earlier from barley retrotransposons. SIRE1 sequences were compared with SIRE1 in barley, the results showed the closest homologues were SIRE1-ENV and SIRE1-RT sequences, and SIRE1-GAG sequences was a sister group to sequences of Glycine max. This study is the first detailed investigation of SIRE1 in the barley genome. The obtained findings are expected to contribute to the comprehension of SIRE1 retrotransposon and its role in the barley genome.

• SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI FOR UMBILICAL HERNIA IN SWINE DETECTED BY GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION

  AI H.S., DENG W.Y., DING N.S., HUANG L.S., LI L., LIAO X.J., LONG Y., REN J., RUAN G.R., SU Y., XIAO S.J., YANG B., ZHANG W.C., ZHANG Z.Y. - 2015

  Umbilical hernia (UH) is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors. UH brings animal welfare problems and severe economic loss to the pig industry. Until now, the genetic basis of UH is poorly understood. The high-density 60K porcine SNP array enables the rapid application of genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic loci for phenotypic traits at genome wide scale in pigs. The objective of this research was to identify susceptibility loci for swine umbilical hernia using the GWAS approach. We genotyped 478 piglets from 142 families representing three Western commercial breeds with the Illumina PorcineSNP60 BeadChip. Then significant SNPs were detected by GWAS using ROADTRIPS (Robust Association-Detection Test for Related Individuals with Population Substructure) software base on a Bonferroni corrected threshold (P = 1.67E-06) or suggestive threshold (P = 3.34E-05) and false discovery rate (FDR = 0.05). After quality control, 29,924 qualified SNPs and 472 piglets were used for GWAS. Two suggestive loci predisposing to pig UH were identified at 44.25MB on SSC2 (rs81358018, P = 3.34E-06, FDR = 0.049933) and at 45.90MB on SSC17 (rs81479278, P = 3.30E-06, FDR = 0.049933) in Duroc population, respectively. And no SNP was detected to be associated with pig UH at significant level in neither Landrace nor Large White population. Furthermore, we carried out a meta-analysis in the combined pure-breed population containing all the 472 piglets. rs81479278 (P = 1.16E-06, FDR = 0.022475) was identified to associate with pig UH at genome-wide significant level. SRC was characterized as a plausible candidate gene for susceptibility to pig UH according to its genomic position and biological functions. To our knowledge, this study gives the first description of GWAS identifying susceptibility loci for umbilical hernia in pigs. Our findings provide deeper insights to the genetic architecture of umbilical hernia in pigs.

• ALLEL COMPOSITION OF VRN-A1, VRN-B1, VRN-B3 GENES IN DOUBLE HAPLOID LINES OF HEXAPLOID TRITICALE

  Zaitseva O.I., Lemesh V.A. - 2015

  In 42 lines of doubled hexaploid triticale haploids obtained in anther culture in vitro, the allelic composition of the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-B3 genes, which control the response to vernalization and are associated with the adaptive capacity, ripening time, and yield of cereal crops, was determined. Two alleles were identified for the Vrn-A1 locus (Vrn-A1a and vrn-A1), and three alleles for the Vrn-B1 locus (Vrn-B1a, Vrn-B1c, and vrn-B1). All doubled haploids contained recessive alleles of the Vrn-B3 locus. Twelve lines of spring triticale were identified, characterized by a combination of alleles associated with early maturation and high potential for grain productivity.

• ANALYSIS OF EIGHT POLYMORPHOUS ALU ELEMENTS IN A TELEUT POPULATION

  N. I. Gafarov, A. V. Marusin, M. G. Svarovskaya, V. A. Stepanov, T. I. Tacheeva, and I. Yu. - 2015

  Allele frequencies and genetic diversity of the Teleut population were analyzed by Alu repeat polymorphism in eight autosomal loci (ACE, APOA1, PLAT, F13, PV92, A25, CD4, D1). For comparison, the study included previously obtained data on the polymorphism of the Alu element in 19 populations of indigenous peoples of Siberia. On the dendrogram of genetic distances, the Teleut population is located in a cluster of Siberian ethnic groups that are close in origin, geography, and cultural traditions.

• ANALYSIS OF THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF HONEY BEE (APIS mellifera L.) POPULATIONS

  R. A. Ilyasov, M. D. Kaskinova, A. G. Nikolenko, and A. V. Poskryakov - 2015

  The results of the analysis of the genetic structure of the honey bee population in the southern part of Bashkortostan according to mtDNA data (locus COI-COII) and five microsatellite loci of nuclear DNA (Ap243, 4A110, A8, A113 and A28) are presented. The data obtained indicate that the studied populations of bees experience a deficit of heterozygotes, despite intensive interbreed hybridization, and also suggest the localization of the boundary between the population of Apis mellifera mellifera L. and the hybrid zone in the studied region.