Red ram in the black sea. The Empire strikes the final blow. From Turkey they were led

The US military has never been particularly "politically correct". If there was an opportunity to arrange a provocation, they always went for it. However, more than thirty years ago, Soviet sailors repelled violators by ramming two enemy ships at once.

Radio silence in the fog

Perestroika, which was announced in our country in 1986, rather quickly led to a softening of morals regarding our "potential enemy", that is, the Americans. The magnanimity of the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU knew no bounds: soon with his light hand they began to cut combat missiles into pieces, transfer ships, submarines, tanks and other military equipment, and not just combat-ready, but completely new. The country's leadership suddenly considered that there was no longer any threat to the USSR from overseas "partners".

In the United States itself, however, they were in no hurry to relax. On the contrary, in the second half of the 1980s in the Black Sea, for example, many provocative violations of the territorial waters of the USSR by enemy ships were recorded. Most often, such visits could be nipped in the bud: the Soviet watchmen simply became a “human wall” at the rate of the intruder, thus blocking the path to our territorial waters. But this was not always possible. And then the corvettes, destroyers and cruisers of the US Navy not only patrolled along our coasts, but also made combat turns, prepared installations with missiles and depth charges for firing. In a word, they swaggered as best they could, as if making it clear who the real boss here was.

For the time being, for the time being, they got away with it - after all, detente was gaining momentum in our country. And the naval authorities, having received appropriate benevolent orders from the country's leadership, did not dare to violate the order and enter into an open confrontation with provocateurs. However, in 1988, our sailors had to deal with too arrogant intruder. In February, an escort of American ships, consisting of the cruiser Yorktown and the accompanying destroyer Caron, proceeded through the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles. Moreover, the ships were sailing with complete radio silence and, as if deliberately choosing the time when the sea was covered with thick fog. And although, thanks to intelligence, it was known in advance about the uninvited visit, it was possible to detect the escort during the passage of the straits only through visual observation. Because the locators fix only a point, and it is impossible to make out whether it is a warship or a civilian ship.

Pictured: US cruiser Yorktown / Photo: wikimedia

Unequal Forces

We found the Americans from our ferry "Heroes of Shipka". Having intercepted a radiogram from the ferry and realizing that they had been discovered, the commanders of the Yorktown and Caron initially decided to “sit out” off the Turkish coast. But in neutral waters, the Americans were already waiting for our two TFRs (patrol ships): TFR-6 and Selfless. Apparently, this is why the provocateurs decided, no longer hiding, to do what, in fact, they had planned from the very beginning.

Having reached our border, the ships, without slowing down, rushed into the territorial waters Soviet Union. A warning radiogram flew from our guards to the violators, which, however, did not have any result: the Americans were confidently heading for the shore. Here it should be noted that, in comparison with the "Selfless", "Yorktown", for example, had three times the displacement, and its crew was twice the number of sailors on the guard. It was 50 meters longer than the TFR, carried on board helicopters, 2 missile and 4 anti-aircraft installations, two anti-submarine and 8 anti-ship systems (Asrok and Harpoon, respectively), not to mention torpedoes, guns, the Aegis fire control system " etc.

Bezzavetny, in turn, was armed with two RBU-6000 rocket launchers, four launchers of the URPK-5 Rastrub missile system, two anti-aircraft missile systems, torpedoes and twin 76.2 mm artillery mounts. So, given the difference in armament, the sailors prepared for the worst, uncovering the onboard guns and preparing them for firing (it’s more expensive to use missiles).

In response to these preparations, the Americans decided to take their rotorcraft into the air: pilots and service staff. Seeing this, the commander of the "Selfless" captain of the second rank Vladimir Bogdashin ordered to send a radiogram to the "Yorktown", in which he warned the Americans that if they took off, they would immediately be shot down. However, the violators did not pay any attention to the warning.

Bulk, more bulk

It was at that moment that Bogdashin realized that it was impossible to do without decisive measures, but it was impossible to apply. And then he gave a desperate order - to go to the ram. Since the “Selfless” literally went side by side with the “Yorktown”, at a distance of literally ten meters, the TFR just slightly changed course and at first made only a light bulk on the missile cruiser, demolishing its ladder. The American sailors, who before that, having poured out onto the deck, frivolously sent obscene gestures to the Soviet sailors and photographed our guard, calmed down and hid in the ship's premises. With the second strike, the TFR literally “climbed” onto the cruiser, “shaved off” the intruder’s helipad and damaged four Harpoon anti-ship systems - the blow was so strong. And in the torpedo tubes of the Yorktown, a fire broke out.

In the picture: the bulk of the TFR "Selfless" on the cruiser "Yorktown" / Photo: wikimedia

At this very time, the SKR-6 went to ram the Caron, although the Soviet guard was four times smaller than the destroyer. However, the impact was tangible. He, in turn, decided not to contact the SKR-6, but to approach the other side of the Selfless in order to take the SKR in pincers together with the Yorktown. However, the speed of the patrol ship was higher, and he easily parried this maneuver. However, the crew of the cruiser had no time for maneuvers and nothing at all - the battle for the ship's survivability was in full swing on it. And after the team moved away from the shock, Yorktown turned 180 degrees and was like that. Caron followed suit. After this incident, American ships disappeared from our Black Sea territorial waters for a long time.

In the picture: SKR-6 fell on the port side in the stern of the destroyer "Caron" / Photo wikipedia

We must pay tribute to the command of the fleet, which supported the sailors of the "Selfless" and defended their good name before the leadership of the country. And a year later, Vladimir Bogdashin was awarded the Order of the Red Star ... for the development of new technology. At that time, he was no longer the commander of the guard, but studied at the Grechko Naval Academy. Subsequently, he commanded the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet "Moscow". Now Vladimir Ivanovich, a retired rear admiral, is CEO educational and research center of the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions.

After the collapse of the USSR, during the division of the fleet, the Bezzavetny went to Ukraine and became the Dnepropetrovsk, and then it was completely written off as scrap metal. Went "on pins and needles" and "SKR-6". So sad was the fate of the watchmen, who gained fame for the Soviet navy.

The story of a feat. 1988

25 years ago, two ships of the USSR Black Sea Fleet accomplished a feat that is still remembered in the naval world. In Soviet territorial waters, having exhausted methods of influence and not being able to use weapons, the Black Sea men took an unprecedented step - a double sea ram.

The international situation in those years was tense to the limit. The former head of the international department of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Valentin Falin, testifies: “There were provocations in the Black Sea, airspace violations became more frequent. The Americans are getting ready, adopting a new doctrine that provides for non-nuclear strikes against Soviet bases and ports of the Soviet Union.”

In 1986, the American cruiser URO "Yorktown" and the destroyer "Caron", having passed through the Bosphorus and Dardanelles, resolutely headed for the coast of Crimea. Having entered from the direction of Feodosia, the American ships proceeded without hindrance along the southern coast of Crimea and retired towards the Bosporus. At that time, the check of vigilance and readiness of the Black Sea Fleet ended without conflicts.
In 1988, old acquaintances re-entered the Black Sea, but this time on a counter-course - already from Sevastopol. The American duet of ships moved along the dial of the Black Sea in the opposite direction - as if clockwise, pressing into our territorial waters so defiantly that any doubts about the good intentions of overseas visitors disappeared.

When we approached from the stern - dear mother! - our navigation bridge at the level of their deck. Such a hoot!!! And the Americans from the superstructures take pictures of us and shoot us on video cameras, and they give us a thumbs up, like: “You swim well, native.” As though any threat, they did not take us into account. It was very upsetting. When they hit for the first time - slightly, casually; they just froze who was where. The feeling is that they did not believe their eyes, that all this is really happening. And when we bounced back, sat down, “gave” the second time already seriously and the bow of our ship climbed onto the deck of the cruiser, they began to overwhelm the Harpoon strike missile system (it is located at the stern, at the very transom).

We pressed on and the pieces of the launcher just flew overboard and to our deck. Here for the first time (and with a feeling of deep moral satisfaction) I saw frightened American faces. We saw their square eyes almost point-blank. And in a second - as they rush from their place, they began to scatter, hide in the superstructure. Now that was absolutely right.

And our ship is trembling like a seizure, in the nose - the crunch of torn metal, short circuits. Our anchor fell out on the poop, crawls along the deck, destroys everything. The star has come off our right cheekbone and is also jumping on the deck of the cruiser. We have a lid from the Harpoon container lying on our right waist, lifelines are flying on both ships, and the fleeing Americans enliven this whole picture of destruction! The beauty!

We part with the American and he lowers the Vulkan-Phalanx (such a 6-barreled unit with a rate of fire of 80 rounds per second) down and points us to the navigation bridge. And with this machine, our ship can be cut in half in a minute. I have a thought: here it is - the end of my brilliant career ... Everything that remains of me can be collected in a shoe box. We immediately pricked the wasps, they jumped out of the cellars, and four missiles stared at the cruiser. In the stern, two AK-726s (twin 76-mm gun mounts) completed the guidance. Well, our miner, in full view of the astonished American public (he stood on the upper deck near the torpedo tubes, and the Americans perfectly saw all his actions), began to quickly turn the torpedo tubes, aiming them point-blank at the side of the York for a salvo. Here already "Volcano" you will not indulge. Until they kill us (we believe - in 30-40 seconds), in response, they will receive four missiles, two or three torpedoes and a dozen or two 76-mm shells. It is unlikely that we would have drowned this monster, but we would have put it out of action forever.

They wanted to ram for the third time, but we already have a hole half a muzzle, all the compartments of GAK 14 are flooded, the ship is losing speed. Left behind. The American fled from our territorial waters with commendable agility. He took pieces of our skin to his historical homeland. And he left the wreckage of his shock complex. This is such a natural exchange.

We went down with the boatswain, and there is a picture from the series " star Wars". The ship was opened like a can opener. Through the holes in the cheekbones, we observe the sea under our feet. There is practically no one side from the hawse to the superstructure, the bow is folded to the side, the hydroacoustic station is broken, water enters the bow compartments. We have a side thickness of 8 mm, and an inch armor on the cruiser.

And then we also find out that our fellow tracking officer, SKR-6, while we were figuring out with Yorktown (why does he enter someone else’s house without knocking), in turn, managed to ram the destroyer URO Caron. How he managed to do it, I don't know. He has a lower move, and he himself is five times smaller than a destroyer, and his weapons are prehistoric (no missiles at all), and he himself is already old, like Peter the Great's boat. Well, then, we are not alone in such kamikaze.

We return to the base "on parole and on one wing." There is already a group of people meeting on the pier, mostly from a special department. As soon as we moored, competent comrades get on board, all the documentation of objective control is confiscated from us, the commander is put in an UAZ, taken to the fleet headquarters, and then to the Kachinsky airfield, and by military aircraft to Moscow. No one knows whether we are heroes or criminals, or whoever at all ... The TFR is standing at the mine wall, no one from the authorities comes in, the ship is like a leper. We are waiting for how it all ends, we are getting ready to twist holes for orders and dry crackers. As for the commander, we don’t know whether we will see him, or whether he will immediately go through the stage.

The commander is returning from Moscow. He enters the ship, I run out to meet. He winks, turns away the side of his overcoat, and he has the Order of the Red Star there! Well, that's all! We received a command to love. And every morning - delegations, the reception of pioneers on board the TFR "Unrestrained", veterans. In the morning you go out to build, to raise the flag, and pioneer drums are already pounding on the wall, another team has arrived to join the pioneers. The commander was so tired of speaking in front of an admiring audience that he asked me to write him a short speech on duty, which he first read out, and then practically memorized. Well, after this incident, the crew served in such a way that it was just a song ... Not a single remark, they were terribly proud of the ship, they listened to the officers like dad and mom. And we wrote off two beaten lieutenants, they already had no life in the crew ... "

After the collision with the Yorktown, the SKR Bezzavetny was under repair for a long time (until 1997).
On July 14, 1997, the ship's crew was disbanded.
On August 1, 1997, under the terms of the division of the Black Sea Fleet, the Bezzavetny was transferred to the Ukrainian Navy.
The new name is the frigate "Dnepropetrovsk" (U134 "Dnipropetrovsk").
On September 8, 1997, he was expelled from the Russian Navy.
In October 2002, the Dnipropetrovsk frigate was withdrawn from the combat ships of the Ukrainian Navy.

In December 2003, the ship was transferred to the category of “technical property” and the Ukrspetsmash enterprise began to sell it.

In March 2005, the proud combat TFR "Bezzavetny" was sold by the Ukrainian military for scrap to Turkey. He went in tow, with muffled boilers, de-energized .... Dead….
And suddenly the dead ship SAMI opened the kingstones .... And he started to leave. Silently. With trim on the nose. And only when the bridge almost disappeared under water, a beep sounded over the Black Sea. When the boilers are off... He said goodbye ... He did not want to be sawn. The warship chose its own death, as befits an officer. (according to eyewitnesses, source forum Sevastopol.info)

Armament

Artillery of the main caliber

• 2 × 127mm/54 Mk 45 Mod 2.

Missile weapons

• 8 anti-ship missiles RGM-84 Harpoon;
• 2 launchers Mk 26 with 68 SAM SM-2.

Anti-submarine weapons

• Up to 20 RUR-5 ASROC in Mk 26 launchers.

Torpedo armament

• Two Mk 32 torpedo tubes.

Aviation

• 2 helicopters.

USS Yorktown (DDG-48/CG-48) (Russian Yorktown)- class missile cruiser Ticonderoga, became the second ship of this class. It was named after the Battle of Yorktown. Laid down on October 19, 1981, launched on January 17, 1983, decommissioned on December 10, 2004.

Design description

Frame

A characteristic feature of all cruisers of the type Ticonderoga was that 85% of the length of the hull extends far into the bow forecastle, clipper bow and transom stern. The hull contours were designed in such a way as to reduce the amplitude of roll and pitch and water resistance. To reduce the impact of waves in stormy weather, a bulwark was installed on the bow, 40 meters long and 1.4 meters high. For the same purpose, cruisers are equipped with a roll stabilization system and side keels.

Armament

The ship was equipped with two-beam universal installations for launching anti-ship missiles. Harpoon, SM-2 anti-aircraft missiles, and ASROC anti-submarine missiles. In total, the ship had 122 missiles for various purposes. Artillery consisted of two 127 mm guns Mk 45 Mod 2.

Service History

Yorktown was launched on January 17, 1983, his godmother was Mary Matthews, who, along with her husband, donated a large sum of money to the fleet. On Independence Day, July 4, 1984, the ship was handed over to the Navy. From August 1985 to April 1986 he participated in the interception of a hijacked passenger ship Achille Lauro, and also took part in operations off the coast of Libya, including operations El Dorado Canyon , Attain Document and Prairie Fire.

September 1987 to March 1988 Yorktown He took an active part in American and NATO exercises, as well as in exercises with Morocco, France, West Germany, Tunisia and Turkey.

At 10.45 on February 12, 1988 Yorktown together with the destroyer caron invaded the territorial waters of the Soviet Union in the region of Sevastopol and headed for Yalta, along the coast of Crimea. Patrol ship "Izmail" raised a signal about the violation of the boundaries of territorial waters. Patrol ships "Selfless", "SKR-6" and "Yamal" began to approach the Americans.

"Selfless" caught up with Yorktown, for some time the ships went in parallel courses almost close to each other. At 11.02 "Selfless", shifting the rudder to the starboard side, made a pile on the stern Yorktown right side at an angle of 30 degrees. From the impact and friction of the sides, sparks fell and the side paint caught fire. The anchor of the "Selfless" of one of the paws tore the plating of the side of the cruiser Yorktown, and the other made a hole in the side of his ship.

After the impact, the ships dispersed, but the commanders of both ships ordered their ships to return to their previous course, by which time the Selfless had increased speed, this led to another bulk on Yorktown. During it, the “Selfless” climbed onto the helicopter deck of the cruiser with its stem and, with a roll to the port side, began to slide towards the poop Yorktown. At the same time, they demolished the railing, breaking the command boat and the launcher of the Harpoon anti-ship missiles. The collision caused a fire on the cruiser Yorktown.

The patrol ship "Bezzavetny" moved away from the cruiser, but warned of a repetition of the bulk if Yorktown did not change course and leave the territorial waters of the USSR. Destroyer caron changed course towards rapprochement with the Bezzavetny, it turned out that Yorktown and Caron took the patrol ship into pincers, RBU-6000 bombers were loaded on the Bezvevetny itself, the cruiser and destroyer stopped approaching.

On a cruiser Yorktown carrier-based helicopters began to prepare for take-off, a message was transmitted on board the American ship:

Helicopters in the event of their rise into the air will be shot down as violating the airspace of the Soviet Union

When over the cruiser Yorktown appeared two Mi-24 deck helicopters rolled back into the hangars. Yorktown and Caron changed course and went into neutral waters.

The cruiser commander, after this incident, was removed from his post for passive actions that damaged the reputation of the US Navy and for providing the initiative to the Soviet patrol. After that, the cruiser itself was under repair for several more months.

In the summer of 1992, Yorktown took part in the BALTOPS 92 exercises. Also, in the summer of this year, Yorktown made a visit to the port of Severomorsk, the main naval base of the Northern Fleet, becoming the first American ship to visit this port since the end of World War II.

In May-July 1993, Yorktown was the flagship of Task Force 4.1 ( English Task Group 4.1) and participated in anti-narcotics operations in the Caribbean. In August of the same year, he took part in the exercises solid stance in the North Atlantic.

In 2000, the cruiser underwent a major overhaul. In 2004, Yorktown completed a six-month stay in the Persian Gulf with an aircraft carrier USS WASP in the Expeditionary Strike Group ( English Expeditionary Strike Group), in six months he participated in such operations as Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. December 3, 2004 cruiser Yorktown was decommissioned and withdrawn from the fleet.

Incidents

commanders

cruiser commanders Yorktown:

FULL NAME	Command dates	Rank
Carl Anderson (Russian Carl Anderson)	July 4, 1984 - June 27, 1986	Captain 1st rank
Philip Dur (Russian Philip Dür)	June 27, 1986 - April 13, 1988	Captain 1st rank
Peter Edward O'Connor (Russian Peter Edward O'Connor)	April 13, 1988 - March 7, 1990	Captain 1st rank
Robert Richardson (Russian Robert Richardson)	March 7, 1990 - April 24, 1992	Captain 1st rank
Michael Glenn Mullen (Russian Michael Glenn Mullen)	April 24, 1992 - January 21, 1994	Captain 1st rank
David Roy Ellison (Russian David Roy Ellison)	January 21, 1994 - July 26, 1995	Captain 1st rank
Richard Rushton (Russian Richard Rushton)	July 26, 1995 - June 19, 1997	Captain 2nd rank
Eric Sweigard (Russian Eric Sveigard)	June 19, 1997 - February 19, 1999	Captain 2nd rank
Robert Stephen Kerno (Russian Robert Stephen Kerno) Video

To the 30th anniversary of the Cold War

Now, few people remember the incident between warships of the USSR and the USA off the coast of Crimea in 1988. And even then, our media did not particularly spread about him, in the light of détente, perestroika and improved relations with the United States. But the event was extraordinary ...

Leaders and chief actors operations to oust the Americans from our territorial waters were: Admiral SELIVANOV Valentin Egorovich (former commander of the 5th Mediterranean squadron of the Navy, at that time vice admiral, chief of staff of the Black Sea Fleet, later chief of the Main Staff of the Navy), Vice Admiral MIKHEEV Nikolai Petrovich ( at that time, captain of the 2nd rank, chief of staff of the 70th brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the Black Sea Fleet), Rear Admiral BOGDASHIN Vladimir Ivanovich (at that time captain of the 2nd rank, commander of the TFR "Selfless"), captain of the 2nd rank PETROV Anatoly Ivanovich ( at that time captain of the 3rd rank, commander of the "SKR-6").

V.I. Bogdashin

Admiral Selivanov: The command of the Black Sea Fleet learned in advance about the new voyage of the American ships URO "Yorktown" (Ticonderoga type) and the destroyer URO "Caron" (type "Spruence") that was being prepared in February 1988 in the Black Sea (fleet intelligence tracked all the actions of 6 US Navy Fleet). Before the arrival of American ships in the Black Sea, the headquarters of the fleet planned an operation to track and counter them: the patrol ships Bezzavetny (project 1135) and SKR-6 (project 35) were allocated, the commander of this ship group was appointed - the chief of staff of the 70th brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the Black Sea Fleet, Captain 2nd Rank Mikheev Nikolai Petrovich. The commanders of the ships and the ship's group were thoroughly briefed on the plan of operation with the loss of all actions on maps and maneuverable tablets. The ships in the operation were distributed as follows: SKR "Selfless", as a larger ship in terms of displacement, was supposed to accompany and counteract the cruiser "Yorktown", and "SKR-6" (small in displacement and size) - the destroyer "Caron". All commanders were given specific instructions: as soon as it was discovered that the Americans intended to proceed to our waterways, to take a position relative to the side of the American ships from our coast, to warn them that the course of their ships was leading to the waterways, then, if the Americans did not heed this warning, with their entry into the waterways, to make a "bulk" on American ships with each of our ships. The commanders understood their tasks, and I was sure that they would fulfill their tasks. The plan of operation was approved by the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy, Admiral of the Fleet V.N. Chernavin.

It was envisaged that with the entry of American ships into the Black Sea, our ships would meet them in the Bosphorus area and begin tracking them. After meeting with the Americans, I instructed the group commander to welcome their arrival in our Black Sea (namely, do not forget our word in the greeting) and convey that we will sail with them together. It was expected that American ships would first proceed along the western coast of the Black Sea, “run into” the thermal waters of Bulgaria, Romania (they used to do this), and then they would move to the eastern part to our shores. Well, they will apparently try to invade our territorial waters, as they did last time, in the area of ​​​​the southern tip of the Crimean peninsula (Cape Sarych), where the borders of the territorial waters in configuration represent a triangle with a peak extended to the south. Most likely, the Americans will not bypass this triangle again, but will go through the waterways. There are no more places for such a demonstrative violation of the territorial waters in the Black Sea theater. And it was here that the main phase of the entire operation was supposed to take place, namely, the prevention or exclusion of American ships with "bulk" on them from our tervods, if warnings about violations of tervods did not affect them. What is a "bulk"? This is not a ram in the full sense of this concept, but an approach at a speed at a slight angle, as it were, tangential to the side of the displaced object and its “polite” “repulsion”, with a lapel from the course it maintains. Well, "politeness" - how it goes.

OPPOSITORS

U.S. Navy cruiser Yorktown (Ticonderoga class)

It was laid down on January 17, 1983. It was commissioned on July 4, 1984. It was designed to use the American Aegis technology. Among his various systems armaments were ship-to-air and ship-to-surface (SAM) missiles, anti-ship and anti-submarine missiles, torpedo launchers and an installed artillery system. The first use of Yorktown took place from August 1985 to April 1986. The ship entered the Black Sea twice and both times had conflict situations with the Soviet Navy (in 1986 and 1988). Participated in three operations off the coast of Libya.

Received the Atlantic Fleet's "Top Gun" award for excellent shooting in 1987. During his second active duty from September 1987 to March 1988, he participated in numerous US and NATO exercises, as well as multinational exercises with Morocco, France, West Germany, Tunisia and Turkey. It was during this period that "Yorktown" gained worldwide fame in the operation carried out in the Black Sea as part of the "Freedom of Navigation" program. On February 12, 1988, he was forced out of Soviet waters by the frigate Bezzavetny. The Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs at the time, Richard L. Armitage, acknowledged that entry into waters bordering territorial waters was not necessary, but argued that it was not in the nature of aggression.

Yorktown conducted its third and fourth Mediterranean service at the end of the Cold War. Participated in Operation Desert Storm. In the summer of 1992 he participated in BALTOPS'92. During this cruise, the Yorktown made a friendly visit to Severomorsk, becoming the first American ship who have visited this port since the end of World War II.

In 1993, Yorktown was awarded the Commander, Naval Forces, Atlantic Ship Safety Award.

Served as flagship command ship during anti-narcotics operations in the Caribbean in May-July 1993. In August 1993, participated in joint military exercises in the North Atlantic. In August 1994, the Yorktown went to the Adriatic Sea as the flagship of the Commander of the Atlantic Naval Forces in support of the operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In May 1997, he completed a five-month anti-missile duty in the Caribbean, and then verification operations with the George Washington aircraft carrier.

On September 21, 1997, due to a crew error, a serious power plant failure occurred on the ship. The Yorktown was decommissioned on December 10, 2004. She is currently parked in Philadelphia.

US Navy destroyer Caron

The Caron was laid down at the Ingalls shipyard of Lytton Industries in Pascagoula, Mississippi on July 1, 1974. It was commissioned on October 1, 1977.

In August 1979, Soviet aircraft simulated a missile attack against the "Keron" in the Black Sea. In October 1983, Caron participated in Operation Urgent Fury in the vicinity of Grenada. From November 1983 to March 1984 he was part of the Multinational Peacekeeping Force in Beirut (Lebanon).

March 10, 1986 "Caron" left Norfolk as part of a group of URO ships for deployment in the Mediterranean region. During this deployment, after an American fighter defiantly fired on two Libyan Air Force fighters in the Gulf of Sidr, the conflict began to escalate. On March 23, 1986, along with the cruisers URO Ticonderoga and Scott, Caron crossed south of the Libyan border line. The conflict lasted two days, but proceeded at low intensity, in which "Caron" did not use weapons.

On February 12, 1988, it was rammed by a Soviet (according to NATO classification) light frigate of the Mirka II class (FFL 824) in the Black Sea, after which it left for a major overhaul, from which it was released only on February 15, 1990. By the way, the Americans everywhere claim only about minor damage to the destroyer, although the frankly protracted overhaul of a ship that is completely new by the standards of the navy suggests reflections on this matter.

"Caron" participated in the events in the Middle East after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990. From January 14, 1991, he participated in Operation Desert Storm.

October 14, 1993 participates in the UN operation against Haiti. She was one of six US Navy ships sent to Haiti by order as a result of President Clinton's order. In April 1995, he took part in exercises to counter the mine war in Angola.

From January to July 1996 - in the Persian Gulf, participates in the operation against Iraq. From February to July 1998 - in the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf and off the coast of Spain.

Completed a regular overhaul at Newport from January to June 4, 1999. In June-December 2000 - again in the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf as part of the George Washington aircraft carrier group.

15 October 2001 decommissioned. On December 4, 2002, Caron was sunk off the coast of Puerto Rico before the end of its service life as a result of testing a new type of explosive.

Our ships took American ships for escort immediately after leaving the Bosphorus. They greeted them, warned that they would sail with them together, would keep them "company" in the Black Sea. The Americans replied that they did not need help. When I received these first reports, I conveyed to Mikheev: “Inform the Americans: you still have to swim together. They are our guests, and according to the laws of Russian hospitality, it is not customary for us to leave guests unattended - but what if something happens to them. Mikheev conveyed all this. The Americans passed the thermal waters of Bulgaria, then the thermal waters of Romania. But there were no Romanian ships there (the command of the Romanian fleet even then ignored all our proposals). Further, the American ships turned east, moved to the area 40-45 miles south-south-east of Sevastopol and began some strange maneuvers there. Most likely, they carried out a change or a bookmark on our connected cable routes of special equipment for retrieving information. American ships were spinning in this area for more than two days. Then they crossed and maneuvered directly in the sea zone adjacent to Sevastopol outside the territorial waters.

On February 12, I was at the fleet command post (the commander of the fleet, Admiral M.N. Khronopulo, flew somewhere on business). At about 10 o'clock I received Mikheev's report: “The American ships lay down on a course of 90 °, which leads to our waterways, a speed of 14 knots. To tervod 14 miles ”(about 26 km.). Okay, I think, it's still an hour's walk to the tervod, let them go. I order Mikheev: "Continue tracking." Half an hour later, the next report: “The ships are moving along the same course and speed. To tervod 7 miles. Again I think what they will do next: will they enter the tervody or turn away at the last moment, “scaring” us? I remember that I myself in the Mediterranean "hid" the ships of the squadron from the wind and storm waves in a semi-cable from the border of the tervod (6 miles wide) of the Greek island of Crete (its mountains weakened the force of the wind). I didn't think we were doing anything wrong. And the Americans could also approach the tervods and then turn away without violating anything. The next report comes in: "To the border of the Tervod 2 miles." I convey to Mikheev: "Warn the Americans: your course leads to the Soviet Union's tervods, the violation of which is unacceptable." Mikheev reports: “I passed it on. The answer is that they do not violate anything. Follow the same course and speed." Again I give the order to Mikheev: “Warn the Americans once again: violation of the Soviet Union's tervods is unacceptable. I have an order to drive you out, up to bulk and battering ram. Broadcast all this on the air in clear text twice in Russian and in English.” Mikheev reports again: “I passed it on. They repeat that they do not violate anything. The course and speed are the same." Then I order Mikheev: "Take positions for displacement." During the briefing, we provided for the bulk to be more rigid and cause more significant damage to the ships, to etch the starboard anchors and keep them suspended on anchor chains under the starboard fairways. So the high forecastle of the Selfless TFR, and even the anchor dangling to the right, could thoroughly break the side and everything that falls under the bulk on board the ship being forced out of its course. Mikheev continues to report: “To tervod 5,..3,..1 cables. The ships took positions for the bulk. Further report: "American ships entered the waterways." To clarify the situation, I request the Combat Information Post (BIP) of the fleet: "Report the exact location of all ships." I receive a BIP report: "11 miles, 9 cables from the coastline." So, indeed, the Americans nevertheless got into our tervods. I order Mikheev: "Act according to the plan of operation." He replies, "Understood." Both of our ships began maneuvering for a "bulk" on the American ships. Our ships took American ships for escort immediately after leaving the Bosphorus.

"Selfless" begins to bulk up on "Yorktown" ...

They greeted them, warned that they would sail with them together, would keep them "company" in the Black Sea. The Americans replied that they did not need help. When I received these first reports, I conveyed to Mikheev: “Inform the Americans: you still have to swim together. They are our guests, and according to the laws of Russian hospitality, it is not customary for us to leave guests unattended - but what if something happens to them. Mikheev conveyed all this. The Americans passed the thermal waters of Bulgaria, then the thermal waters of Romania. But there were no Romanian ships there (the command of the Romanian fleet even then ignored all our proposals). Further, the American ships turned east, moved to the area 40-45 miles south-south-east of Sevastopol and began some strange maneuvers there. Most likely, they carried out a change or a bookmark on our connected cable routes of special equipment for retrieving information. American ships were spinning in this area for more than two days. Then they crossed and maneuvered directly in the sea zone adjacent to Sevastopol outside the territorial waters.

On February 12, I was at the fleet command post (the commander of the fleet, Admiral M.N. Khronopulo, flew somewhere on business). At about 10 o'clock I received Mikheev's report: “The American ships lay down on a course of 90 °, which leads to our waterways, a speed of 14 knots. To tervod 14 miles ”(about 26 km.). Okay, I think, it's still an hour's walk to the tervod, let them go. I order Mikheev: "Continue tracking." Half an hour later, the next report: “The ships are moving along the same course and speed. To tervod 7 miles. Again I think what they will do next: will they enter the tervody or turn away at the last moment, “scaring” us? I remember that I myself in the Mediterranean "hid" the ships of the squadron from the wind and storm waves in a semi-cable from the border of the tervod (6 miles wide) of the Greek island of Crete (its mountains weakened the force of the wind). I didn't think we were doing anything wrong. And the Americans could also approach the tervods and then turn away without violating anything. The next report comes in: "To the border of the Tervod 2 miles." I convey to Mikheev: "Warn the Americans: your course leads to the Soviet Union's tervods, the violation of which is unacceptable." Mikheev reports: “I passed it on. The answer is that they do not violate anything. Follow the same course and speed." Again I give the order to Mikheev: “Warn the Americans once again: violation of the Soviet Union's tervods is unacceptable. I have an order to drive you out, up to bulk and battering ram. Broadcast all this on the air in clear text twice in Russian and in English.” Mikheev reports again: “I passed it on. They repeat that they do not violate anything. The course and speed are the same." Then I order Mikheev: "Take positions for displacement." During the briefing, we provided for the bulk to be more rigid and cause more significant damage to the ships, to etch the starboard anchors and keep them suspended on anchor chains under the starboard fairways. So the high forecastle of the Selfless TFR, and even the anchor dangling to the right, could thoroughly break the side and everything that falls under the bulk on board the ship being forced out of its course. Mikheev continues to report: “To tervod 5,..3,..1 cables. The ships took positions for the bulk. Further report: "American ships entered the waterways." To clarify the situation, I request the Combat Information Post (BIP) of the fleet: "Report the exact location of all ships." I receive a BIP report: "11 miles, 9 cables from the coastline." So, indeed, the Americans nevertheless got into our tervods. I order Mikheev: "Act according to the plan of operation." He replies, "Understood." Both of our ships began maneuvering for a "bulk" on the American ships.

Almost exactly at 11.00 o'clock, Mikheev reports: "Closed with the cruiser up to 40 meters" ... and then the report every 10 meters. The sailors imagine how difficult and dangerous it is to carry out such maneuvers: a huge cruiser with a displacement of 9200 tons and a patrol boat with a displacement of 3000 tons is “moored” to it on the move, and on the other “flank” against a destroyer with a displacement of 7800 tons there is a very small watchdog with a displacement of only 1300 tons. Imagine: at the moment of approaching closely with this little watchdog, put the destroyer sharply on the rudder “to port on board” - and what will happen to our ship? Would not roll over - and this can be! Moreover, the American will still be formally right in such a collision. So the commanders of our ships had to perform a difficult and dangerous task.

Mikheev reports: "10 meters." And immediately: “I ask you to act kindly!”. Although he had already received all the orders, but, apparently, he decided to play it safe - all of a sudden the situation changed, besides, all negotiations on the air were recorded both by us and by the Americans. I tell him again: “Act according to the operation plan!”. And then there was silence.

Naval "Selfless" ...

I follow the stopwatch - I spotted it with my last order: the arrow ran for a minute, two, three ... Silence. I don’t ask, I understand what is happening on ships now: briefing and losing on maneuverable tablets is one thing, and how everything will turn out in reality is another matter. I can clearly imagine how the high forecastle of the "Selfless", together with the hanging anchor, tears the side and the massive bow superstructure of the American cruiser "Yorktown" (its superstructure is designed integrally with the side of the ship). But what will happen to our ship from such mutual "kisses"? And what happens in the second pair of this naval "corrida" between the "SKR-6" and the destroyer "Caron"? Doubts, uncertainty... It was thought that with this kind of "mooring" on the move, mutual suction ("sticking") of ships to each other is possible. Well, how will the Americans rush to the "boarding"? We have foreseen such a possibility - special landing platoons have been formed on the ships and are constantly being trained. But there are a lot more Americans… All this is rushing through my mind until there are no reports. And suddenly I hear the completely calm voice of Mikheev, as if during the drawing of such episodes on the cards: “We walked along the port side of the cruiser. They broke the Harpoon missile launcher. Two broken missiles hang from launch canisters. They demolished all the rails of the left side of the cruiser. The commander's boat was smashed to smithereens. In some places, the board and side plating of the bow superstructure were torn. Our anchor broke off and sank." I ask: "What are the Americans doing?" Answers: “They played an emergency alarm. Emergency crews in hazmat suits hose down the Harpoon launcher and drag the hoses into the ship.” "Rockets on fire?" I ask. “It seems not, fire and smoke are not visible.” After that, Mikheev reports for SKR-6: “I passed along the port side of the destroyer, the rails were cut down, the boat was broken. Board plating breaks. The ship's anchor survived. But the American ships continue on the same course and speed." I give the command to Mikheev: "Perform a second bulk." Our ships have begun maneuvering to carry it out."

Nikolai Mikheev and Vladimir Bogdashin tell how everything really happened in the “bulk” area: In this case, the cruiser is ahead and seaward, the destroyer is closer to the coastline at the cruiser's heading angle of 140-150 degrees. left side. SKR "Bezzavetny" and "SKR-6" in the positions of tracking the cruiser and destroyer, respectively, at their heading angles of the port sides 100-110 degrees. at a distance of 90-100 m. Two of our border ships maneuvered behind this group.

Upon receipt of the order “Take positions for displacement”, a combat alarm was declared on the ships, the bow compartments were sealed, the personnel were withdrawn from them, the torpedoes were in combat readiness, the gun mounts were loaded with cartridges up to the loading line in the breech, emergency parties were deployed, landing platoons were in readiness according to the places of the schedule, the rest of the personnel at combat posts. The right anchors are hung on anchor chains made of hawse. On the navigation bridge of the TFR "Selfless" Mikheev keeps in touch with the command post of the fleet and controls the ships of the group, Bogdashin controls the maneuvers of the ship, here the translator officer maintains constant radio communication with American ships. We approached the cruiser at a distance of 40 meters, then at 10 meters (SKR-6, the same with the destroyer). On the deck of the cruiser, the superstructure platforms, sailors and officers poured out with cameras, video cameras, laughing, waving their hands, making obscene gestures, as is customary among American sailors, etc. The cruiser commander stepped out onto the left open wing of the navigation bridge.

With the confirmation of the order "Act according to the plan of operation", they went to the "bulk" of the cruiser ("SKR-6" - the destroyer). Bogdashin maneuvered in such a way that the first blow fell on a tangent at an angle of 30 degrees. to the port side of the cruiser. From the impact and friction of the sides, sparks fell and the side paint caught fire. As the border guards later said, for a moment the ships appeared to be in a fiery cloud, after which a thick plume of smoke trailed behind them for some time. Upon impact, our anchor with one paw tore the plating of the side of the cruiser, and the other made a hole in the bow of the side of his ship. From the impact, the TFR was thrown away from the cruiser, the stem of our ship went to the left, and the stern began to dangerously approach the side of the cruiser.

An emergency alarm was played on the cruiser, the personnel rushed down from the decks and platforms, the cruiser commander rushed inside the navigation bridge. At this time, he apparently lost control of the cruiser for some time, and the latter turned slightly to the right from the impact, which further increased the danger of his bulk on the stern of the Selfless TFR. After that, Bogdashin, having commanded "right to board", increased the course to 16 knots, which allowed the stern to be somewhat diverted from the side of the cruiser, but at the same time the cruiser turned left to the previous course - after that, the next most powerful and effective bulk occurred, rather ramming a cruiser. The blow fell on the area of ​​​​the helipad - a high sharp stem with a forecastle of the TFR, figuratively speaking, climbed onto the cruising helipad and, with a roll of 15-20 degrees to the port side, began to destroy with its mass, as well as everything that came across from the hawse anchor, gradually sliding towards the cruising stern: tore the skin of the side of the superstructure, cut down all the rails of the helipad, broke the commander's boat, then slid down to the poop deck (stern) and also demolished all the rails with racks. Then he hooked the Harpoon anti-ship missile launcher - it seemed that a little more and the launcher would be pulled off its fasteners to the deck. But at that moment, having caught on something, the anchor broke away from the anchor chain and, like a ball (3.5 tons in weight!), Having flown over the aft deck of the cruiser from the port side, collapsed into the water already behind its starboard side, miraculously not hooking any of the sailors on the deck of the cruiser's emergency party. Of the four containers of the Harpoon anti-ship missile launcher, two were broken in half along with missiles, their torn off warheads hanging from internal cables. Another container was bent.

Finally, the forecastle of the TFR slid from the stern of the cruiser into the water, we moved away from the cruiser and took up a position on its beam at a distance of 50-60 meters, warning that we would repeat the bulk if the Americans did not leave the water. At that time, on the deck of the cruiser, there was a strange bustle of the personnel of the emergency parties (all Negroes): stretching fire hoses and lightly spraying water on broken rockets that did not burn, the sailors suddenly began to hastily drag these hoses and other fire-fighting equipment into the interior of the ship. As it turned out later, a fire started there in the area of ​​​​the cellars of the Harpoon anti-ship missiles and Asrok anti-submarine missiles.

SKR-6 rams "Yorktown" ...

Valentin Selivanov: After a while I receive a report from Mikheev: "The destroyer Caron has turned off course and is heading straight for me, the bearing does not change." Sailors understand what it means “bearing does not change”, that is, it goes to a collision. I convey to Mikheev: “Go to the starboard side of the cruiser and hide behind it. Let the Caron ram him."

Nikolai Mikheev: But "Caron" approached us at a distance of 50-60 meters from the port side and lay down on a parallel course. On the right, at the same distance and also in a parallel course, the cruiser followed. Further, the Americans began, on converging courses, as if to clamp the TFR "Selfless" into pincers. He ordered to charge the RBU-6000 rocket launchers with depth charges (the Americans saw this) and deploy them abeam to the starboard and port sides, respectively, against the cruiser and destroyer (although both RBU installations operate in combat mode only synchronously, but the Americans did not know this). It seems to have worked - the American ships were turned away. At this time, the cruiser began to prepare a couple of helicopters for departure. I reported to the fleet command post that the Americans were preparing some kind of dirty trick for us with helicopters.

Valentin Selivanov: In response to Mikheev's report, I tell him: "Inform the Americans that the helicopters, if they take off into the air, will be shot down as violating the airspace of the Soviet Union." At the same time, he sent an order to the command post of the fleet aviation: “Raise the duty pair of attack aircraft into the air! Task: loitering over the American ships that invaded the waterways in order to prevent the rise of their deck helicopters into the air. But the aviation OD reports: “In the area adjacent to Cape Sarych, a group of landing helicopters is working out tasks. I propose to send a couple of helicopters instead of attack aircraft - this is much faster, besides, they will perform the task of "countering takeoff" more efficiently and clearly. I approve this proposal and inform Mikheev about the dispatch of our helicopters to the area. Soon I receive a report from the aviation OD: "A couple of Mi-24 helicopters are in the air, they are moving to the area."
Nikolai Mikheev: I told the Americans what would happen to the helicopters if they were lifted into the air. It did not work - I see the propeller blades are already spinning. But at that time, a pair of our Mi-26 helicopters with a full combat suspension of airborne weapons passed over us and the Americans at an altitude of 50-70 meters, making several circles above the American ships and defiantly hovering somewhat away from them - an impressive sight. This apparently had an effect - the Americans drowned out their helicopters and rolled them into the hangar.

Valentin Selivanov: Then an order was received from the Central Command of the Navy: “The Minister of Defense demanded to investigate and report on this incident” (our naval wits then refined themselves: to report with a list of persons to be removed from their posts and demoted). We submitted a report to the authorities on how everything happened. Literally a couple of hours later, another order comes from the Central Control Center of the Navy: “The Minister of Defense demands that those who distinguished themselves be presented for promotion” (our wits were found here too: replace the list of persons for demotion with a register of persons involved in the award). Well, everyone seemed to feel relieved from the heart, the tension subsided, we all seemed to calm down with the calculation of the command post of the fleet.

The "Americans" left the Soviet territorial waters, drifted, entered into active radio conversations with their superiors, and the next day moved to the exit from the Black Sea.

The participants of the unique operation grew in positions and ranks over time. Admiral Selivanov became the chief of the Main Staff of the Navy, Vice Admiral Mikheev became the head of the Combat Training Department, the commander of the Selfless Vladimir Bogdashin became rear admiral, the first officer of the guard Valery Kulikov became deputy commander of the Black Sea Fleet, vice admiral.

Americans who again frequent the Black Sea should not forget this lesson from 30 years ago.

The fate of the ship

In 1997, the Bezzavetny was transferred to Ukraine, proudly called the Dnipropetrovsk frigate, but did not go to sea, then it was disarmed and sold to Turkey. In March 2006, she was sunk while being towed, probably in order to obtain insurance. And "SKR-6" back in 1990 was cut up for scrap.

Patrol ship "Selfless"

TTD:
Displacement: 3200 tons
Dimensions: length - 123 m, width - 14.2 m, draft - 4.28 m.
Full speed: 32.2 knots.
Cruising range: 5000 miles at 14 knots.
Power plant: 2 GTUs of 18,000 hp (afterburner, marching - 6000 hp each), 2 fixed-pitch propellers
Armament: URPK-5 Rastrub (4 launchers), 2x2 76.2-mm AK-726 gun mounts, 2x2 Osa-MA-2 air defense systems (40 9M-33 missiles), 2x4 533-mm torpedo tubes, 2x12 jet bombers RBU-6000.
Crew: 197 people.

Ship history:
Patrol ship pr.1135

The first patrol ship in the series, Project 1135, became part of the Russian Navy in December 1970. The new ship compared to its predecessors had higher seaworthiness. It had three times the displacement, the armament was also more powerful, which gave it higher combat stability when operating in the sea zone.

Project 1135 "Petrel" arose, as it were, at the crossroads of two directions in the evolution of anti-submarine ships of our fleet - small (projects 159 and 35) and large (project 61). At that time, the Soviet Navy went out into the world's oceans, and its main task was considered to be the fight against nuclear submarines of a potential enemy. It was then that the first anti-submarine ships of the oceanic zone were created - helicopter carrier cruisers, BOD 1 rank and BOD 2 rank. But their high cost forced the leadership of the fleet to supplement the arsenal of anti-submarine forces with smaller displacement and less expensive ships of the near zone, capable of operating in remote areas of the ocean.

Initially, the development of the future ship was entrusted to the Zelenodolsk Design Bureau (at that time - TsKB-340). In the meantime, the industry began to develop new means of anti-submarine warfare - the Metel missile and torpedo complex and the Vega and Titan sonar stations, which were very advanced for their time. The combination of a winged and towed sonar promised to increase the detection range of submarines by a factor of three and to maintain stable contact with an underwater target at distances up to 100 kbt. All this brought the future patrol ship to a qualitatively different level, but at the same time entailed a significant increase in displacement. And since TsKB-340 traditionally specialized in the creation of small warships, the development of the project was transferred to Leningrad, to TsKB-53 (later the Northern Design Bureau). N.P. was appointed chief designer. Sobolev, the main observer from the Navy - I.M. Stetsyura. General leadership carried out by the head of TsKB-53 V.E. Yukhnin.

The tactical and technical assignment (TTZ) for the development of project 1135 was issued by the fleet in 1964. The main purpose of the patrol ship is "long-term patrols in order to search for and destroy enemy submarines and guard ships and vessels at the sea crossing." Initially, the TTZ provided for the following armament: one PLRK, one five-tube 533-mm torpedo for anti-submarine torpedoes, two RBU-6000, one Osa air defense system and two twin 76-mm artillery mounts. GAS "Titan" was supposed to be the main means of detecting submarines. The displacement was limited to 2100 tons, but after the final approval of the Metel complex as a PLRK, it had to be increased to 3200 tons. This, in turn, made it possible to place two TAs and two Osa air defense systems, as well as to supplement the hydroacoustic means of the towed GAS " Vega". In addition, already at the design stage, the possibility of replacing 76-mm artillery with 100-mm artillery was discussed.

For the first time on ships of this class it was supposed to place an automated combat information post (BIP), a prototype of future combat information and control systems (CICS); on the lead ship, even the staff of an officer-computer was opened. In general, the ship, both in size and in capabilities, has outgrown its “classmates” so much that it was reclassified into the BOD already at the design stage. Project 1135 ships were returned to the TFR class only in June 1977.

Architecturally, the project 1135 ship hull was distinguished by an elongated forecastle, rounded contours, a clipper stem, a large collapse of the frames at the bow, a flat low stern and a construction trim on the bow. The hull set is mixed, the ratio of length to width is 8.6. Feature contours - small angles of sharpening of the waterlines. The body is made of steel grade MK-35; 13 steel bulkheads divide it into 14 watertight compartments. According to calculations, the ship had to stay afloat when three adjacent or five non-adjacent compartments were flooded. Deck superstructures and internal bulkheads of the premises are made of aluminum-magnesium alloy AMG-61.

Service and living quarters are located on the main deck under the forecastle. There are cabins for officers and midshipmen, a galley and a sailor's canteen. A through corridor runs along the main deck from the poop to the bow, bifurcating around the SAM silos. In the aft part there is a room BUGAS "Vega" with the original lifting and lowering device POUKB-1. This development of the Zelenodolsk design bureau provides for the opening and closing of the transom cover, immersion in water, towing, lifting and installation of the body of the towed GAS on a regular place at least 9 knots while the ship is moving.

The ship's circulation diameter is 4.3 kbt in 130 s at a speed of 32 knots. Yaw - no more than 2 °. Inertia from full speed to a stop - 1940 m in 524 s. The initial transverse metacentric height is 1.4 m. The maximum heeling moment is 85°, the buoyancy margin is 6450 tons. The angle of sunset of the static stability diagram is 80°.

The seaworthiness of the "eleven-thirty-fifth" is highly commendable. The ship rides the wave well; flooding and splashing at all speeds is practically absent. A slight splashing of the aft deck is observed only at speeds of more than 24 knots and in circulation at a heading angle of 90 ° to the wave. Seaworthiness ensures the use of all types of weapons at all speeds in sea conditions up to four points without roll stabilizers and more than five points with their inclusion.

gas turbine power plant Project 1135 TFR includes two M7K units, each of which consists of one DO63 propulsion gas turbine and one DK59 afterburner. Marching engines with a capacity of 6000 hp each. mounted on suspended platforms. Afterburners with a capacity of 18,000 hp are connected to the shaft lines through tire-pneumatic couplings. All turbines have a gas reverse. An innovation was the sustainer gear attachment, which allows both sustainer engines to work on both shafts, and each engine separately. This improved the efficiency of the power plant by 25%.

Turbine start-up time from a cold state is no more than three minutes. Full fuel supply - 450-550 tons, fuel consumption per mile at technical and economic speed (14 knots) - 100 kg, at operational and economic (17 knots) - 143 kg, at full speed (32.2 knots) - 390 kg. On average, the daily fuel consumption in the campaign is about 25 tons. The cruising range at full speed is 1290 miles, operational and economic - 3550 miles, technical and economic - 5000 miles.

Propellers - four-bladed, low-noise, variable pitch, with a fairing. The weight of each is 7650 kg, the diameter is 3.5 m. The number of revolutions of the propeller shaft is 320 rpm.

When designing, special attention was paid to reducing the physical fields of the ship and the level of interference with the operation of the GAS. Two-stage depreciation of the main mechanisms, vibration-damping coatings were applied, and the Veil bubble cloud system was installed. As a result, the Project 1135 TFRs had a very low acoustic field level for their time and were the quietest surface ships of the Soviet Navy.

The main weapon of the TFR project 1135 is the URPK-4 Metel anti-submarine guided missile system with the Monsoon autonomous control system. The complex consists of a solid-propellant remote-controlled missile 85R with a warhead - a homing anti-submarine torpedo, launchers, a ship's guidance system and pre-launch automation.

KT-106 launchers have four containers and are guided in a horizontal plane, which allows you to attack without additional maneuvering. The URPK-4 is fired with two-rocket volleys or single rocket-torpedoes fired from its own GAS and external sources of target designation - ships, helicopters or sonar buoys at ranges from 6 to 50 km. The control system allows you to adjust the missile's flight path depending on the change in the current acoustic bearing to the target.

The AT-2UM homing torpedo is used as the warhead of the 85R rocket. At the command of the ship's control system, the torpedo at the estimated location of the submarine is separated from the missile and splashed down on a parachute, then goes deep, conducts a circulation search with a homing system and hits the target. The diving depth of the AT-2UM torpedo is 400 m. The speed in the search mode is 23 knots, in the guidance mode - 40 knots. Range - 8 km. The response radius of the active-passive torpedo homing system is 1000 m, the mass of the explosive charge is 100 kg.

A further development of the URPK-4 was the URPK-5 "Rastrub" complex with an 85RU rocket torpedo capable of hitting not only underwater, but also surface targets (they tried to compensate for the lack of anti-ship missiles). In this case, target designation can come from all radar stations of the ship. The warhead of the missile torpedo - the UMGT torpedo - compared to the AT-2UM has a higher speed and response radius of the homing system.

In addition to the URPK complex, Project 1135 ships received two RBU-6000 Smerch-2 rocket launchers each.

The ship is equipped with two Osa-M air defense systems. The Osa short-range anti-aircraft missile systems for the ground army and the Osa-M for the Navy were created according to a single TTZ and without significant differences. Both modifications of the air defense system use the same 9M33 missile. In addition to the launcher, the complex includes means for tracking targets, sighting missiles and issuing commands, as well as a detection radar. The detection range of a target flying at an altitude of 3.5 - 4 km is about 25 km, at high altitudes - up to 50 km. It is also possible to receive target designation from a shipborne air surveillance radar. The coordinates of the identified target are fed into the tracking system for pointing the antenna post by bearing and additional search by elevation. The combination of detection and capture modes reduces the reaction time of the complex by 6 - 8 s.

After the launch of the first rocket, the drum rotates, providing access to the loading line of the next rocket, and after the launch of the second, the launch beams automatically become vertical, turn to the nearest pair of drums, and the lifting part of the launcher is lowered for the next pair of rockets. The reload time of the installation is 16 - 21 s, the rate of fire is 2 rds / min for air targets, 2.8 - for surface targets.

In 1973, an improved version of the Osa-M2 air defense system entered service, and in 1979, the Osa-MA. The last one minimum height damage decreased from 60 to 25 m. In the first half of the 80s, the complexes were modernized in order to increase the effectiveness of the fight against low-flying anti-ship missiles. The upgraded Osa-MA-2 air defense system could hit targets at altitudes from 5 m.

The artillery armament of the TFR project 1135 is the AK-726-MR-105 artillery system, consisting of two 76.2-mm twin AK-726 automated gun mounts. Starting from the 22nd ship of the series, instead of the AK-726-MR-105 complex, the AK-100-MR-145 was installed from two 100-mm AK-100 single-gun artillery mounts.

All TFRs are equipped with two 533-mm ChTA-53-1135 four-tube torpedo tubes. The types of torpedoes used are SET-65 or 53-65K. In the aft part of the deck there are mine rails on which you can take 16 min IGDM-500, 12 KSM or 14 CRAB.

Speaking about the guards of pr.1135, their commanders show rare unanimity in positive evaluation these ships. Everyone notes high reliability, controllability, seaworthiness, good living conditions. Minimal differences between serial ships testify to the optimal design. "Eleven-thirty-fifth", of course, was a model of the most advanced technology of its time. The list of innovations used on it is truly impressive: an original gas turbine power plant, a marching gear attachment, a podkilny and towed GAS, a promising air defense system, a “long arm” for hunting enemy nuclear submarines - the Metel PLRK and much more.

The patrol ship "Bezzavetny" was included in the lists of ships on 06/04/1973 and on 05/28/1976 was laid down on the slipway of the "Zaliv" shipyard in Kerch (serial number No. 14). Launched on 05/07/1977, entered service on 12/30/1977 and 02/17/1978 included in the KChF.

10.08 - 13.08.1979 paid a visit to Varna (Bulgaria);
March 26 - March 31, 1987 - in Istanbul (Turkey).

This ship is interesting in that it directly participated in the sensational operation to expel American warships from Soviet territorial waters in the Foros area.

Then the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral Khronopulo, intervened in the matter. On his orders, "Bezvevetny" sends a warning to the American cruiser: Before entering the territorial waters of the USSR - 20 cables. In case of violation of territorial waters by you, I have an order to displace you up to bulk. At 10.45 "Yorktown" again responds to "Selfless" with the standard phrase: "I will not change course. I enjoy the right of peaceful passage. I'm not breaking anything." And then it crosses the border of the territorial waters of the USSR. Following him, this is done by the one following in the wake missile cruiser destroyer Caron. The border TFR "Izmail" raises a signal: "You have violated the border of the territorial waters of the USSR."

Meanwhile, SKR-6 began to catch up with the American destroyer, which avoided bulk by increasing its speed. However, SKR-6 continued to follow the destroyer. Immediately, all Soviet ships raised a signal: “You have violated the state border of the USSR. I demand to immediately leave the waters of the USSR. "Selfless" at that time was abeam the port side of the "Yorktown", and SKR-6 followed in the wake of the destroyer "Caron". American ships continued to move towards the Crimean coast. Probably, the change of course was not envisaged by the plans of the American side, or it was already beyond the competence of the commanders of the ships.

At 10.56, the destroyer Caron, noticing the decisive maneuver of the SKR-6 catching up with it, which was 150 meters away, hastily raised the signal: "Do not approach the board!" At the same time, the "Selfless" followed only fifty meters from the "Yorktown". A final exchange of signals followed. And again, the message of "Bezzavetny" about the violation of the border with "Yorktown" was answered in the negative. And then both Black Sea guards, sharply increasing their speed, began to bulk up on twice the larger American ships. "Selfless" constantly reported the distance to the command post of the fleet in Sevastopol: "to the cruiser 20 meters, 10 meters ...". At 11.02 "Selfless" fell on the port side of the cruiser, with a screech it walked along the rails and the launcher of the Harpoon missiles, crushing them.

Meanwhile, SKR-6 fell on the port side in the stern of the destroyer Caron, damaging his lifeboat and davit. On SKR-6, the bulwark was crushed and the guard rails were bent. Only the precise calculation and skill of the commanders of both ships made it possible to carry out a difficult order, demonstrating the decisiveness of their own intentions, without crossing a dangerous line.

At the same time, in this difficult situation, more serious injuries and human casualties were still avoided. At 11.40, Admiral Khronopulo transmitted an order from Moscow to Bezzavetny and TFR-6: “Move away from US ships, convey to them the demand to leave the territorial waters of the USSR. Be ready for a re-bulk." Moving away from the American ships at a safe distance, both guards continued to escort the intruders in full readiness to repeat the maneuver. However, this was no longer necessary. Both American ships lay on the course of leaving the territorial waters, not daring to return by the same route as they had practiced before. Having entered neutral waters, they lay down in a drift, actively negotiating over the radio with their superiors. Then both ships headed towards the Bosphorus, no longer entering Soviet territorial waters.

In 1988, the ship won the prize of the Navy Civil Code for anti-submarine training (as part of the KPUG).

07/14/1997 "Bezzavetny" was disbanded, and on 08/01/1997 transferred to the Ukrainian Navy and renamed "Dnepropetrovsk" (U134). 09/08/1997 expelled from the Russian Navy.

On the last journey...

In October 2002, the ship was withdrawn from the combat ships of the Ukrainian Navy. During its stay in the composition of the Ukrainian Navy, it was not used for its intended purpose, never going to sea. In December 2003, the ship was transferred to the category of "technical property", in April 2004 an order was signed on the demilitarization and disposal of the ship.

The death of the "Selfless" ...

On March 26, 2005, the ship was towed away from Sevastopol, and on May 12, 2005, it was sunk in the Black Sea while being towed, probably in order to obtain insurance.

Patrol ship "SKR-6"

TTD:
Displacement: 1140 tons
Dimensions: length - 82.4 m, width - 9.1 m, draft - 3 m.
Full speed: 32 knots.
Cruising range: 2000 miles at 14 knots.
Power plant: GTU 2 × 18000 hp, diesel 2 × 6000 hp
Armament: 2 × 2 76-mm AK-726 gun mounts, 2 × 5 400-mm torpedo tubes, 2 × 12 RBU-6000 rocket launchers (120 RGB-60).
Crew: 96 people

Ship history:
Patrol ship pr.35

Patrol ship SKR-6

At the end of the 50s, research was constantly conducted to develop a powerful sea hunter, which received the project number 159. The new version of this ship, which received the project number 35, was first classified as a big hunter, then as an IPC, and later as a TFR. These watchdogs differed from their prototype in a more powerful power plant and an original hydroturbine propulsion unit: propellers rotated by diesel engines were placed in pipes into which air was injected, creating additional thrust. In this mode, the speed increased to 32 knots; without the use of afterburner, it was 20 knots.

While maintaining the main dimensions of project 159, the armament of this ship was distinguished by the replacement of four RBU-2500s with a second five-tube 400-mm torpedo tube and 2 RBU-6000s. Instead of the Fut-N radar, the Rubka radar was installed, and the Turel control radar was installed on some of the ships.

The lead ship of Project 35 entered service on December 25, 1964. The entire series of 18 ships was built before 1967. Then, according to the modernized project 35M, it was planned to remove the aft 400-mm torpedo tube, additionally place 2 RBU-6000 and install new ones instead of the Titan GAS with the Vychegda - the Platinum-MS under-kiln and the towed Ros-K. During the period from 1973 to 1978, 8 ships were modernized.

Patrol ship SKR-6 was laid down on April 10, 1963 on the slipway of Shipyard No. 820 in Kaliningrad (Serial No. 182). Launched on 02/06/1964 and 03/12/1966 enrolled in the lists of ships of the Navy. Entered service on 11/30/1966 and 12/12/1966 included in the DCBF.

Until 05/19/1966, it belonged to the PLC subclass. 07/28/1967 he was transferred to the KChF and in the summer of 1967 he made an inter-naval transition around Scandinavia from Baltiysk to Sevastopol.

01.06 - 31.06.1967 and 01.01 - 12.31.1968, while on military service in the war zone in the Mediterranean Sea, performed the task of assisting the armed forces of Egypt.

From 07/19/1976 to 03/02/1978 and from 01/23/1984 to 04/08/1986 at the Sevmorzavod named after. S. Ordzhonikidze in Sevastopol underwent a major overhaul.

The patrol ship "SKR-6" was directly involved in the sensational operation to expel American warships from Soviet territorial waters in the Foros region.

In early February 1988, it became known about the upcoming entry into the Black Sea of ​​the Yorktown missile cruiser and the Caron destroyer from the US 6th Fleet. American ships, having passed the Turkish straits, entered the Black Sea on February 12. They were immediately taken under surveillance by reconnaissance ships of the Black Sea Fleet. On the same day, the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral Mikhail Khronopulo, was ordered to act in accordance with the previously received directive - in case they violate the state border, act decisively, up to bulk on these ships.

Two patrol ships were assigned to this operation: "Selfless" and SKR-6. The two TFRs of the Black Sea Fleet were to become the main force intended to suppress possible actions to violate the border of the country's territorial waters.

According to the Central Command Post (CKP) of the USSR Navy, the events in the area between Yalta and Foros, where the Americans came, looked like this. At 09.45 on February 12, 1988, i.e. half an hour before the expected entry of the Americans into the Gulf of Foros, from the "Bezzavetnoye" they transmitted in plain text to the "Yorktown": "Your course leads to the crossing of the territorial waters of the USSR." I propose to go to course 110. The signal was left unanswered.

Then the chief of staff of the Black Sea Fleet orders the commander of the Bezzavetny to transmit the following warning by radio to the American cruiser: “According to existing Soviet laws, the right of innocent passage by foreign warships in this area is prohibited. In order to avoid an incident, I strongly recommend that you change your course in order to prevent violation of the territorial waters of the USSR. At 10.15, the Yorktown responded: “Understood. I don't break anything. I act according to international rules.”

Then the commander of the Black Sea Fleet, Admiral Khronopulo, intervened in the matter. On his orders, the Bezzavetny sends a warning to the American cruiser: “Before entering the territorial waters of the USSR - 20 cables. In case of violation of territorial waters by you, I have an order to displace you up to bulk. At 10.45 "Yorktown" again responds to "Selfless" with the standard phrase: "I will not change course. I enjoy the right of peaceful passage. I'm not breaking anything." And then it crosses the border of the territorial waters of the USSR. Following him, the destroyer Caron, following in the wake of the missile cruiser, does this. The border TFR "Izmail" raises a signal: "You have violated the border of the territorial waters of the USSR."

Meanwhile, "SKR-6" began to catch up with the American destroyer, which avoided bulk by increasing its speed. However, "SKR-6" continued to follow the destroyer. Immediately, all Soviet ships raised a signal: “You have violated the state border of the USSR. I demand to immediately leave the waters of the USSR. "Selfless" at that time was abeam the port side of the "Yorktown", and SKR-6 followed in the wake of the destroyer "Caron". American ships continued to move towards the Crimean coast. Probably, the change of course was not envisaged by the plans of the American side, or it was already beyond the competence of the commanders of the ships.

At 10.56, the destroyer "Caron", noticing the decisive maneuver of the "SKR-6" catching up with him, which was 150 meters away, hastily raised the signal: "Do not approach the board!" At the same time, the "Selfless" followed only fifty meters from the "Yorktown". A final exchange of signals followed. And again, the message of "Bezzavetny" about the violation of the border with "Yorktown" was answered in the negative. And then both Black Sea guards, sharply increasing their speed, began to bulk up on twice the larger American ships. "Selfless" constantly reported the distance to the command post of the fleet in Sevastopol: "to the cruiser 20 meters, 10 meters ...". On the aft deck of the Yorktown, sailors crowded along the side. Some photograph the approach of the Selfless, others just look. But soon all of them were not in the mood for jokes - the nose of the Soviet guard was advancing right on the railing. At 11.02 "Selfless" fell on the port side of the cruiser, with a screech it walked along the rails and the launcher of the Harpoon missiles, crushing them.

Meanwhile, "SKR-6" fell on the port side in the stern of the destroyer "Caron", damaging his lifeboat and davit. On the "SKR-6" the bulwark was crushed and the guard rails were bent. Only the precise calculation and skill of the commanders of both ships made it possible to carry out a difficult order, demonstrating the decisiveness of their own intentions, without crossing a dangerous line.

At the same time, in this difficult situation, more serious injuries and human casualties were still avoided. At 11.40, Admiral Khronopulo transmitted an order from Moscow to Bezzavetny and TFR-6: “Move away from US ships, convey to them the demand to leave the territorial waters of the USSR. Be ready for a reload. Moving away from the American ships at a safe distance, both guards continued to escort the intruders in full readiness to repeat the maneuver. However, this was no longer necessary. Both American ships lay on the course of leaving the territorial waters, not daring to return by the same route as they had practiced before. Having entered neutral waters, they lay down in a drift, actively negotiating over the radio with their superiors. Then both ships headed towards the Bosphorus, no longer entering Soviet territorial waters.

On April 19, 1990, he was expelled from the Navy in connection with the surrender to the OFI for disarmament, dismantling and sale. 08/01/1990 was disbanded and later cut into metal in Sevastopol.

Website: http://www.kchf.ru/ship/skr/skr6.htm; http://www.kchf.ru/ship/skr/bezzavetniy.htm

Exactly 30 years ago, on February 12, 1988, in the Black Sea, two Soviet patrol ships of the SKR Bezzavetny (Project 1135) and SKR-6 (Project 35) carried out an unprecedented operation to displace two of the newest warships of the 6th Fleet of the US Navy - the cruiser "Yorktown" (type "Ticonderoga") and the destroyer URO "Caron" (type "Spruence"), brazenly and deliberately violated the state border of the USSR.

The operation, which took place in the area between Yalta and Foros, is unprecedented in a number of respects. TFR "Bezvevetny" is three times smaller in displacement than the newest cruiser "Yorktown" at that time, and TFR-6 (its displacement is a little more than 1000 tons) is six times smaller than the destroyer URO "Caron". The enormous technical and military superiority of the American ships was countered by the courage, determination, courage of Soviet sailors, and skillfully built tactics of action. As a result, they won, and the American ships, having received damage, were forced to withdraw from the Soviet military waters, and then completely leave the Black Sea.

The general management of the displacement operation was carried out by the chief of staff of the Black Sea Fleet, Vice Admiral Valentin Yegorovich Selivanov. Prior to this position, he served seven years in the Mediterranean squadron, first as chief of staff, and then as squadron commander. One of the main tasks of the squadron is to confront the ships of the 6th Fleet of the US Navy in the Mediterranean Sea, so Admiral Selivanov knew perfectly well both the TTD and the capabilities of American ships, their history and even commanders.

I think that not only sailors, but even a simple layman imagines how difficult and dangerous it is to carry out a ship's bulk on the enemy in this particular case. A huge cruiser, armed to the teeth, with a displacement of 9200 tons, sees how a patrol boat with a displacement of 3000 tons is catching up with it. American sailors have euphoria and smiles, there is an active photo and video session on the eve of a beautiful “show”. And next to a destroyer with a displacement of 7800 tons, a tiny sharp-nosed watchdog with a displacement of only 1300 tons is operating. What would have happened to our SKR-6 if the destroyer had put the rudder sharply to the left on board, when the guard was preparing to strike and was heading parallel?! He could just roll over.

The pre-planned operation began only when American ships actually entered our territorial waters and did not respond to repeated warnings to leave our territorial waters.

A command follows at the TFR: everyone put on life jackets. And now the "Selfless" runs into the cruiser "Yorktown". Gnashing of metal. TFR "Selfless", having thrown out a three-ton anchor from the hawse, strikes at the cruiser.

A minute after the bulk, Mikheev reports to Selivanov: “We walked along the port side of the cruiser. They broke the Harpoon missile launcher. Two broken missiles hang from launch canisters. They demolished all the rails of the left side of the cruiser. They wrecked the command boat. In some places, the board and side plating of the bow superstructure were torn. Our anchor broke off and sank."

What are the Americans doing? Smiles and euphoria like a cow licked tongue. The cruiser went on an emergency alert. Emergency crews in protective thermal suits spray a launcher with Harpoon missiles from hoses. But very soon they began to drag the hoses inside the ship. As it turned out later, a fire started there in the area of ​​​​the cellars of the Harpoon anti-ship missiles and Asrok anti-submarine missiles.

There are no more smiles. Explode the cruiser - it would not be good for our ship either.

Soon Mikheev also reported for the actions of the SKR-6: “I passed along the port side of the destroyer, the rails were cut down, the boat was broken. Board plating breaks. The ship's anchor survived. But the American ships continue on the same course and speed."

Selivanov gives a command to Mikheev: "Perform a second bulk."

Valentin Selivanov:
“After some time, I receive a report from Mikheev: “The destroyer Caron has turned off course and is heading straight for me, the bearing does not change.” "Caron" goes to the collision. Selivanov orders Mikheev: “Move to the starboard side of the cruiser and cover yourself with it. Let the Caron ram him."

Further, the Americans began to clamp the TFR "Selfless" in pincers on converging courses. Mikheev ordered the RBU-6000 rocket launchers to be loaded with depth charges and deployed abeam to starboard and port, respectively, against the cruiser and destroyer. The Americans saw it. The play of nerves continued. The decisiveness of the Soviet sailors had an effect - the American ships were turned away.

But the struggle continued. On the cruiser, they began to prepare a couple of helicopters for departure. Mikheev reported to the fleet command post that the Americans were preparing some kind of dirty trick with helicopters. Mikheev told the Americans what would happen to the helicopters if they were lifted into the air. It didn't work. The propeller blades have already turned. But at that time, a pair of our Mi-26 helicopters with a full combat suspension of airborne weapons passed over the Americans at an altitude of 50-70 meters - the view is impressive. They made several circles over the American ships, defiantly hovering somewhat away from them. The Americans surrendered: they drowned out their helicopters and rolled them into the hangar.

The next day, "Yorktown" and "Caron", not reaching our Caucasian sea areas, moved to the exit from the Black Sea. Under the control of a new ship group of our ships. A day later, the battered ships of the 6th Fleet of the US Navy left the Black Sea.

I would like the Americans, who again frequented the Black Sea, to remember this lesson of history 30 years ago.