Ministry of Emergency Situations
Republic of Kazakhstan
interactive
Lesson topic:
Security measures and
rules of behavior
Today we will tell:
- How to minimize the risk of being on ice;
- How to feel confident on it;
- How not to get into trouble on the ice.
As well as:
- What to do if you still fell through the ice;
- How to help the victim.
Ice strength
can be determined visually:
- blue ice – lasting ,
2. Ice white – strength
2 times less
3. Ice is gray matt white
or with a yellowish tinge – o p a s e n.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Safe Ice Thickness
to cross the pond on ice:
- 10-12 cm; 15-20 cm; 25 cm.
- for lone pedestrians - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10-12 cm;
- for a group of people - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15-20 cm;
- for skating rinks and sledding - - - - 25 cm.
Particular care must be taken
when the ice is covered with a thick layer of snow.
Safe Ice:
- transparent, with a blue tint;
- see the thickness of the ice.
GOING ON THE ICE
REQUIRED TO TAKE EQUIPMENT WITH YOU:
1) Light and warm clothing that does not restrict movement, as well as shoes that can be easily removed from the feet.
2) Rescue knives (sold in specialized fishing shops). They should be worn sheathed on the chest;
Safety measures and rules of conduct on ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
3) Rope (at least 10 m) with a "live" loop;
4) Pole 2 - 3 meters long;
5) Pieshnya
( comprises
metallic
tetrahedral
pointed rod with
wooden handle).
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Ice crossing allowed
P O M N I T E!
PLACES FOR CROSSING WATER BODIES ON ICE
SPECIALLY MARKED AND PERMANENTLY MONITORED!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
DO NOT GO ON THE ICE ALONE!
DO NOT TEST THE STRENGTH OF THE ICE WITH YOUR FOOT!
THE DISTANCE BETWEEN PEDESTRIANS MUST BE 5 - 6 METERS!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
When moving on the ice, always be prepared
get rid of the load immediately!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Not come closer to topics places where going on discharge of warm waters With industrial enterprises and
from pools sports complexes.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
One careless move
and you can fall through the ice.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Do not walk near cracks or on an area of ice separated from the main mass by cracks
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
ATTENTION!
On the ice of reservoirs under snow there can be
deep cracks and fractures.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
EMERGENCIES ON ICE
FOR 2010-2011:
- November 20, 2010 in the village. Penkovo of the Kyzylzharsky district of the North Kazakhstan region during skiing fell through the ice of an artificial reservoir and drowned 2 six-year-old children;
- On December 16, 2010, in the city of Taraz, Zhambyl region, while playing on the ice of an artificial reservoir, 2 children also fell through the ice and drowned.
Security measures and rules of conduct on the ice
H BUT VEHICLES CROSS THE ICE
IT IS POSSIBLE ONLY IN ALLOWED PLACES FOR THIS!
Safe ice thickness for crossing
on ice:
- FOR CAR - 50 CM;
- FOR TRACTOR - 70 CM.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
EMERGENCIES ON ICE
FOR 2010-2011:
- April 3, 2010 on the Syrdarya River near the village of Baltakol
Turkestan, while crossing the river, a VAZ car fell off the ferry, in which there were 6 people, 5 of them drowned.
- On January 7, 2011, in the Zhenibek district of the West Kazakhstan region, when crossing a frozen hollow, a LUAZ car fell through the ice, 8 people died of hypothermia.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
When ice fishing, think first
about security and only then about the catch!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
While ice fishing
always have a rope of 12-15 meters on hand.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Keep a plank next to the hole
pole or large branch.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
If you cross a pond on skis:
- Unfasten the ski bindings (so that, in extreme cases, quickly
get rid of them)
- Carry ski poles
in hand;
- Loops of sticks do not put on the hands.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
If you absolutely need to cross a body of water, and you are not sure about the reliability of the ice:
Check every step
on the ice,
but do not hit the ice in front of you with it - it is better from the side.
If after the first blow the ice breaks through, immediately return to the place from which you came.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Dangerous places pass only
in case of emergency and only with insurance!
Move with a sliding step!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Do not jump on the broken ice floe.
It may not support your weight and roll over!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
EMERGENCIES ON ICE
FOR 2010-2011:
- January 6 while fishing on the lake. Balkhash near the city of Priozersk 6 fishermen disappeared. During search and rescue operations, all fishermen were found on a breakaway ice floe and taken to the city of Priozersk.
- On January 13, in the area of the villages of Koktuma and Akshi, Alakol district, Almaty region, while fishing on Lake Alakol, 5 people found themselves on a detached ice floe. The ice floe was at a distance of 700-800 m from the shore. The fishermen were rescued by the water rescue service of the region and brought to the shore in a motor boat.
Security measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Remember!
Every second of being in ice water works against: even 10-15 minutes of being in the water is life-threatening.
Security measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
If you failed
what to do?
Most importantly, don't lose your temper!
You have to remember
that even a poorly swimming person is able to stay on the surface for some time due to
air cushion formed under clothing.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Do not panic! Call for help.
Don't dive head first!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Spread your arms and try to get rid of
from excess weight.
Do not make sudden movements - do not break off the edge.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Try to get over to that edge of the polynya,
where the current won't carry you under the ice.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Try to lean on the edge of the ice with your chest
with arms outstretched,
try to get on the ice.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Once most of the body is on the ice,
roll onto your stomach and crawl away from the edge of the hole
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Get out in the direction you came from, because.
there is checked ice.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
If you managed to get to a safe place on your own, and go far to the settlement and you do not have spare warm clothes and there is no way to light a fire, then hypothermia of the body should not be allowed. For this purpose, one by one (starting from the head), take off the outer clothing, wring it out and put it on again.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Plastic bags that are put on bare feet, hands and head will come in handy here. You need to change clothes quickly so as not to freeze. Stems of dry grass always stick out from under the snow on the shore, you can pick up a bunch and put it in felt boots like insoles. Next, you need to take a quick step, and it is better to run lightly towards the road or settlement (whichever is closer).
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Approach the fallen through the ice
you need to lie down with your arms and legs outstretched to the side.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
If boards, ladders, poles, or other items are available, use them to help.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
When there are no items to help -
two or three people lie down on the ice and move forward in a chain
to the victim, holding each other by the legs.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
And the first one gives to the victim
tied belts or clothing.
Security measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
When there are ravines
or broken ice
lifeboats must be used.
For advancement
boats ahead are used
"cats" and hooks.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Strict adherence to ice precautions
– the main condition for preventing accidents
during games and ice skating!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
DEAR
CHILDREN AND ADULTS!
Ministry
for emergencies
Republic of Kazakhstan
WARNING!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
IN AVOIDING TRAGIC CASES:
- Collective trips to the ice for recreation and fishing must be coordinated with the units of the water rescue service;
2. Heads of organizations must be appointed by order
responsible for ensuring order along the route and on water bodies;
3. Responsible persons must be instructed in the water
rescue service;
4. Follow basic ice safety rules;
5. Remember, ice is considered safe when the thickness
at least 12 cm.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
PARENTS!
H E LEAVE
CHILDREN
WITHOUT SUPERVISION!
Safety measures and rules of conduct on ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Be attentive to those around you!
If you witness an emergency, report it immediately by calling the rescue service
112 ( the call is free )
If possible
provide first aid to the victim and wait for the rescuers to arrive.
Security measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Be attentive to yourself and your health, because the saved
five minutes
can't replace your whole life!
slide 1
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice
slide 2
Today we will tell you: How to minimize the risk of being on ice; How to feel confident on it; How not to get into trouble on the ice. And also: What to do if you still fell through the ice; How to help the victim.
slide 3
With the onset of the first frosts, when the water in rivers, lakes, ponds and other bodies of water is covered with ice, the period of freezing begins. We must not forget about the danger that freshly frozen reservoirs are fraught with. The first ice only seems to be strong, but in fact it is thin, weak and cannot withstand the weight of not only an adult, but also a child. Therefore, do not rush to go out on the thin ice of reservoirs. It is necessary to wait until the ice under the influence of frost becomes thicker and stronger. Failure to follow this advice may result in failure on the ice. Unfortunately, help for those in trouble on the water sometimes comes too late and the incident ends tragically. To prevent this from happening, you must remember that you can go out on the autumn ice only as a last resort and with the utmost care.
slide 4
The strength of ice can be determined visually: Blue ice - strong, 2. White ice - strength is 2 times less 3. Gray ice, dull white or with a yellowish tint - dangerous.
slide 5
Safe ice thickness for crossing a reservoir on ice: for single pedestrians - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10-12 cm; for a group of people - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 15-20 cm; for skating rinks and sledding - - - - 25 cm. Particular care must be taken when the ice is covered with a thick layer of snow.
slide 6
It is necessary to know.
It is dangerous to walk on ice covered with snow (snow falling on newly formed ice, in addition to masking polynyas, slows down the growth of ice cover). The ice is thinner in currents, especially in fast ones, in places that are deep and open to the wind; over a shady and peaty bottom; on marshy shores; at the exit points of underwater keys; under bridges; in narrow channels; near places of discharge into reservoirs of warm and hot waters of industrial and municipal enterprises.
Slide 7
In places where reeds, reeds and other aquatic plants grow, the ice is thinner. Ice in the downstream of the dam, where even in severe frosts, short-term releases of water from the reservoir can drain the ice and form dangerous gullies in it. If the air temperature is above 0 degrees for more than three days, then the strength of the ice is reduced by 25%.
Slide 8
test the strength of ice by kicking the ice - in this case, you can immediately fall into the water. It is not allowed to cross the reservoir alone, because. in case of failure under the ice, there is no one to wait for help from. It is also undesirable to walk on ice at night. Skating, sledding, playing hockey on thin ice is strictly prohibited. The preparation of ice for skating must be carried out very carefully. Ice thickness must be at least 12 cm, and for mass skating - at least 25 cm. It is not recommended to ride on frozen ice alone.
Slide 9
If you went on a winter fishing trip, you must follow the following rules:
It is necessary to know well the reservoir chosen for fishing in order to remember where the depth on it is not higher than the height of a person, or where from a deep place you can quickly go to the sandbank going to the shore. It is necessary to know about the conditions for the formation and properties of ice in various periods of winter, to distinguish between signs dangerous ice know the precautions and follow them at all times. Determine the route from the coast.
Slide 10
During winter fishing, think first of all about safety and only then about the catch!
slide 11
If you fail, what do you do? Most importantly, don't lose your temper! It must be remembered that even a poorly swimming person is able to stay on the surface for some time due to the air cushion formed under the clothes.
Safety measures and rules of conduct on the ice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Remember!
Every second of being in ice water works against: even 10-15 minutes of being in water is life-threatening.
slide 12
Do not panic! Call for help. Don't dive head first!
slide 13
Spread your arms and try to get rid of excess weights. Do not make sudden movements - do not break off the edge.
Try to get to the edge of the polynya where the current will not carry you under the ice.
Slide 14
Try to lean your chest on the edge of the ice with your arms thrown forward, try to get out onto the ice.
Once most of your body is on the ice, roll onto your stomach and back away from the edge of the hole as far as you can.
Get out in the direction you came from, because there is proven ice.
Ice safety rules The presentation was prepared by the educator L. B. Barantseva
Rules safe behavior on ice When you go out onto a pond, you can not test it for strength and hit it with your foot or some object. Because the ice is already melting and can break underfoot. If there are adults nearby, they can check the strength of the ice by eye. This is not difficult - the color of the ice is blue - it means it is still strong, and when it is white - it is already dangerous, because its strength has decreased by 2 times.
Rules for safe behavior on ice When a grayish or matte shade appears on the ice, it is very dangerous to go out on such ice. Ice that is more than 10 cm thick is considered safe. Ice of this thickness can withstand both a child and an adult and not break through. Do not forget about the cracks and holes, it is from these places that the ice is not at all strong. And if you hear that the ice crackled under your feet, there is no need to panic, make sudden movements or run. You need to calmly, slowly lie down on the ice and try to crawl or roll to a safe place.
What do you do if you get caught in ice? Try to call adults for help. Before the arrival of adults, you need to spread your arms, try to grab onto the ice, and, if possible, give your body a horizontal position. Try your best to stay on the surface.
Poems about safety rules on ice Winter! Rather on skates! What glorious days! But you can’t go out on the ice, As long as it is fragile, friends, When there are cracks on it, When it suddenly gets warmer during the day ... If you fail, trouble will come: In winter, cold water ...
On frozen lakes Ice is fragile, And it's very irresponsible to walk on such! Reservoirs are dangerous: The ice may fall through, And saving you in vain
The whole district will rush in… After all, it is almost impossible to get close to the polynya – It will be difficult to pull you out of the water, brothers…
Accidents happen on ice. often due to non-compliance with the rules. A torn ice floe, cold water, a fast current threaten death. Not even every adult can get out of a cold hole.
Be careful, attentive and
remember:
Rule #1
Never walk on the ice alone, unaccompanied by adults, do not wear shawls and do not play on the ice.
Rule #2
Avoid places where the ice can be thin
Where streams flow or springs flow
Near bushes, trees, reeds
Under snowdrifts and near the shore
Where any objects are frozen into the ice
At plants and factories
rule №3
Before you step on the ice, look for a well-trodden path or fresh tracks. If there is, then it is better to move along it, since this path has already been tested.
The presentation is intended for students of primary school age. Contains animations and illustrations.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
- Ice is especially dangerous during a thaw.
Don't be afraid to go out on the ice, just
be careful!
slide 1
slide 2
Under the spring rays of the sun, the ice on the reservoirs becomes loose and fragile. At this time, it is extremely dangerous to go to its surface. However, every year many people neglect safety precautions and go out on thin ice, putting themselves in danger.
slide 3
Ice at least 10 centimeters thick in fresh water and 15 centimeters thick in salt water is considered safe for humans. If the air temperature is above 0 degrees for more than 3 days, then the strength of the ice is reduced by 25%. Ice strength can be determined visually: blue ice is strong, white ice strength is 2 times less, and the most unreliable ice is gray, dull white or with a yellowish tint.
slide 4
In river mouths and tributaries, ice strength is weakened. The ice is unstable in places of rapid currents, spouting springs and runoff waters, as well as in the area of growth of aquatic vegetation, near trees, bushes and reeds.
slide 5
Don't walk alone on the ice. Can you get into trouble - In a hole or in a hole, And ruin your life.
slide 6
What to do if you have already fallen into cold water? Do not panic, do not make sudden movements, stabilize your breathing. Spread your arms to the sides and try to catch on to the edge of the ice, giving the body a horizontal position in the direction of the current. Try to carefully put your chest on the edge of the ice and throw one and then the other foot on the ice. If the ice holds, rolling slowly crawl towards the shore. Crawl in the direction you came from, because there the ice has already been tested for strength.
Slide 7
Arm yourself with any long stick, plank, pole, or rope. You can knit together a scarf, belt or clothes. You should crawl, spreading your arms and legs wide apart and pushing life-saving equipment in front of you, carefully move towards the opening. Stop a few meters away from a person in the hole, throw him a rope, an edge of clothing, give a stick or pole. Carefully pull the victim onto the ice and crawl out of the danger zone together. Crawl in the direction you came from.
Slide 8
Take the victim to a warm place. Help him: Take off his wet clothes Vigorously rub his body (until the skin turns red) Give the victim hot tea (in no case should alcohol be given to the victim - this can lead to death).