How to poison the neighbor's goats devouring flowers. Poisoning of farm animals with poisons of various origins. General characteristics of feed and feeding goats

A goat is a popular domestic one that gives high-quality, healthy milk. She is unpretentious, adapts well to any conditions, eats almost all foods, easily finds food herself and, having proper care and conditions of detention, does not cause problems. sick infrequently, but you need to know how to establish that the animal is not well and what to do to treat it. This will be discussed in this article.

Rickets (vitamin deficiency) is often observed in kids, they weaken, begin to limp, the bones are easily bent, diarrhea or constipation occurs. There is a lot of vitamin D in milk, meat and bone meal, and yeast.

In acute cases, the veterinarian prescribes the introduction of the necessary vitamins intramuscularly. To prevent this disease, it is necessary to walk the kids more often, give a variety of feeds, including lactating goats, and the room for their maintenance should be dry and well ventilated.

Gastroenteritis

The cause of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, scientifically - gastroenteritis, can be:

bad food:
rotten or;
moldy bread, crackers, grain waste or;
feed containing heavy metals;
a sharp transition of young animals to plant food;
when feeding goats with goat's milk, a patient with mastitis.

When a goat becomes ill, appetite decreases and disappears, diarrhea or constipation sets in, there is a lot of undigested food and lumps of mucus in the feces, but blood is rare, the smell of waste is very unpleasant, and when pressed on the stomach, the animal bleats plaintively. All this is accompanied by fever and rapid breathing.

At the beginning of treatment, to cleanse the intestines, the animal is given nothing for a day except a plentiful drink. As a laxative, give 8% solution of Glauber's salt, 50–80 g.

The intestines can be washed out by making an enema with lukewarm water and activated charcoal. After washing, the intestines are disinfected with salol (3-8 g), dissolved in chamomile broth, it is also desirable to give some kind of astringent, for example, 3-5 g of tannin.

Antibiotics and sulfanilamide preparations are used as a treatment prescribed by a veterinarian.

Dyspepsia

Dyspepsia - often found in newborn kids. Occurs due to malnutrition of goats in the last stage of pregnancy and after childbirth, which causes deterioration of milk.

As a result, the goat’s digestion deteriorates, metabolism worsens, dehydration and the accumulation of toxins in the body develop.

It manifests itself in the form of lethargy in kids, refusal to eat, diarrhea with a strong unpleasant odor of a gray-yellow color, the temperature can be below 38 °. You need to treat quickly, otherwise the lambs may die on the 4th day.

The sick are isolated and do not feed from 6 to 12 hours. Then they are drunk with boiled water or an aqueous solution of sodium chloride. After the animal's condition improves, it is allowed to the udder. If necessary, use sulgin or ftalazol.

Pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs)

Pneumonia rarely occurs on its own, usually it is the consequences of another illness or stress - hypothermia, overheating, etc., which leads to a decrease in immunity. Inflammation of the lungs can be caused by poor nutrition and a lack of vitamin A.

Symptoms are similar to those of most diseases: lethargy, depression, loss of appetite, coughing, wheezing in the lungs, mucus then pus comes out of the nose, fever rises, rapid breathing, high pulse.

Sick animals are isolated in a well-ventilated, dry room. Switch to quality feed. To replenish vitamins, solutions of vitamins A and D can be administered subcutaneously, goats are given fish oil.

Treat with norsulfazole (0.05 g per kilogram of animal weight twice a day), penicillin (200,000–500,000 units daily for a week).

Ketosis

In infected cattle, appetite worsens, lethargy appears, an ever-increasing dry cough begins, mucus from the nose becomes viscous. Edema appears, anemia begins.

Ultimately, the goat dies from exhaustion or asphyxia. The final diagnosis can be made by finding the eggs of worms in the microanalysis of feces.

Dictyocaulosis is treated with an aqueous solution of iodine, 1 g of crystals per 1.5 liters of water. It is injected into the trachea with a syringe. Dosage for adults - 10 + 12 grams, for kids and young animals - 5-10 g.
A 25% aqueous solution of Ditrazine is still effective, it is administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously twice a day, the dosage is 0.1 g per kg of weight.

A very common disease caused by lice. Infection occurs through direct contact with sick animals or by sharing care items.

When goats get sick, itching begins, appetite decreases, milk production decreases, in advanced cases, hair falls out and extensive dermatitis forms in the dewlap, neck and head.

During treatment, it is necessary to disinfect the room. To combat lice, various ones are used: foxim, chlorophos, perol, insectol. The treatment of the premises where the livestock is kept, and the animals themselves, is carried out twice with a break of 10–14 days.

Moniesiosis

This disease is caused by tapeworms that live in the small intestine. Infection occurs during grazing on pastures, usually in spring or autumn: together with grass, animals swallow oribatid mites - carriers of helminths.

Affected goats show symptoms about a month after infection: they become lethargic, lose weight, their appetite decreases and their hair grows dull, the feces become unformed with a lot of mucus, sometimes with clearly distinguishable helminth fragments.

This disease is especially dangerous for kids: with a strong infection, they can die due to intestinal obstruction.

In the treatment, albendazole, cambendazole, copper sulfate, panakur, fanadek, fenalidone, fenasal are used.

Piroplasmosis

In an infected animal, the temperature rises and the pulse quickens, yellowing of the mucous membranes is noted, appetite disappears, diarrhea and blood in the urine are observed, and anemia develops.
Sick animals are isolated and provided with high-quality dietary feed. Specifically treated with diamedin and azidine. Symptomatic treatment is also carried out.

Strongylatosis

With this disease, dermatitis, gastroenteritis, diarrhea are noted, sometimes pneumonia develops. It fades and hair falls out.

They are treated with anthelmintic drugs and immunostimulants. Effective phenothiazine.

Fascioliasis

Infection with this disease occurs when grazing on pastures. It is caused by flatworms of the genus Fasciola, which infect the liver and bile ducts.
A sick goat has an icteric appearance, unstable stool (constipation is replaced by diarrhea), swelling is observed on the chest and lower jaw, anemia develops over time. The goats have a fever.

Treatment is carried out with anthelmintic drugs, in particular Faskoverm, Acemidofen, Dertil, Acetvikol, Fazinex, Ursovermite. At the same time, the premises where livestock are kept are disinfected.

Echinococcosis

The cestode larva that causes this disease affects the internal organs: lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys. It is dangerous not only for livestock: a person can also become infected.

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Goat poisoning. Metabolic disease

goat poisoning

Goats that regularly visit pastures are very rarely poisoned by eating poisonous plants, guided by their experience, they are good at distinguishing edible plants from non-edible ones. But animals that are constantly in barns and rarely go out into the field can get poisoned. Such a goat, having an innate desire to feast, greedily pounces on fresh greens, while it quickly eats everything that comes in its way, and therefore is often poisoned. Poisoning can be expressed in different ways, depending on the properties of the poison taken: inflammation of the mucous membranes, dysfunction of the nervous system, indigestion, and so on. The main signs of poisoning are salivation, gnashing of teeth, nausea and vomiting, as well as a cloudy look with a frightened expression in the eyes, anxiety and lack of appetite. Signs of poisoning are liquid stools, sometimes mixed with blood; frequent, painful, urination, rapid breathing, palpitations, etc.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the entire digestive tract is caused by acute poisons, which are contained in poisonous ranunculus, wolf's bast, milkweed, anemone, mouse pea, autumn colchicum, etc. Narcotic poisons of the nervous system cause narcotic poisons of white henbane, poisonous lettuce, yew, poppy, etc. Acute narcotic poisons contained in foxglove, belladonna, tobacco, aconite, dope, nightshade, poisonous chaff, ergot - together determine almost all the symptoms described in the previous two cases. Mineral poisons (water containing impurities of sulfuric, hydrochloric and nitric acid, arsenic, phosphorus, mercury, lead and copper preparations) cause a particularly violent picture of poisoning with all the above symptoms.

The treatment of poisoned animals is reduced to the earliest possible emptying of the stomach and intestines, to the removal of poison particles already absorbed into the body, and, finally, to the intake of various means that neutralize the poison taken. Therefore, emetics and laxatives are shown here first of all. To prevent poisoning, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of animals consuming poisonous plants by destroying them on pastures or not allowing animals to graze in places of their mass growth.

Osteomalacia

Adult goats sometimes have a metabolic disease - osteomalacia, which is also considered as rickets of adult animals. In this case, a predominant violation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism is observed, as a result of which the bone tissue is deprived of lime. Because of this, softening of the bone tissue occurs, and the fragility of the bones increases sharply. The reason for the development of this disease is an insufficient content of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D in the diet of goats, as well as a violation of the absorption of these substances from the gastrointestinal tract. The lack of these elements often intensifies during the stall period during increased lactation of animals. The development of the disease often leads to an imbalance of these elements, i.e. an increase in the content of one element in the diet while reducing others. It has been established that an excess of calcium always leads to depletion of the body with phosphorus, and a high content of fiber in the diet reduces the absorption of both. With abundant silage feeding, an excess of phosphorus and acids appears, which leads to calcium leaching from the body, and a lack of vitamin D in the diet of goats leads to impaired absorption of calcium and phosphorus.

In goats with osteomalacia, a change in behavior is noticeable, there is an unusual caution in movements, when moving, intermittent lameness is noticeable, lying before childbirth, softening of the bones and their curvature, thickening of the ends of the ribs. It is in such animals that, under the influence of various causes, dislocations and fractures of the limbs often occur literally out of the blue, and fractures of the pelvic bones are most often observed.

In the absence of treatment and the prolonged course of this disease in goats, a violation of the general metabolism gradually occurs, due to which the animal begins to lose weight, the separation of milk gradually stops, and later the goat dies from exhaustion. Especially noticeable is the deterioration in the state of health in pregnant and lactating animals.

The basis of the treatment of osteomalacia is an urgent revision of the diet. It should be balanced so that for each feed unit in the goat's diet there were about 4.5 g of calcium and 2.7 g of phosphorus. In addition, vitamin D should be present in the daily diet in the amount of 500 IU per animal. In the absence of vitamin D, ultraviolet irradiation or insolation of goats in the morning can be carried out. In addition, all acidic foods should be eliminated from the diet, replacing them with good hay or twigs. It should be borne in mind that if a goat has a black color, then it is necessary to introduce vitamin D into the diet, since ultraviolet rays have almost no effect on them and vitamin D is practically not synthesized in the body.

Livestock diseases inevitably accompany livestock activities. Of course, you should not engage in self-treatment of wards; entrust this part of the work to a veterinarian. However, the ability to diagnose the disease in time according to the main symptoms is in the hands of goat owners, as it saves valuable minutes and prevents the disease at an early stage of occurrence. In this article, we will tell you about goat diseases and how to deal with them.

What are goat diseases?

Note that it is most correct to divide goat diseases into two groups: infectious and non-infectious. In the first case, the animal, being in close contact with horned companions, can transmit its disease, in the second, it gets sick alone. It should not be assumed that non-communicable diseases are less serious than those that can spread. Many of them arise due to improper housing conditions created for the wards by farmers, so a large number of goats can get sick at the same time. So, let's proceed to a detailed consideration of the diseases included in each of the groups we have defined in this part.

Non-communicable diseases of goats

As mentioned above, the cause of non-communicable diseases in goats is mainly the improper maintenance of animals. So, these diseases can develop due to the following factors:

improper feeding;
lack of hygiene content;
poisoning;
receiving injuries of a different nature, etc.

Video - Rumen tympania in goats

Acute tympania

Acute tympania usually occurs only during the summer grazing period, as it is directly related to improper feeding of animals with green fodder. The disease has such a characteristic as "acute", for a reason. There are no other conditions for this disease, since it is necessary to take measures when it occurs immediately.

Tympania is the formation in the rumen of a goat of a large accumulation of gases resulting from the fermentation of plant foods. The reasons for the fermentation of food may be as follows.

If the goat ate juicy, easily fermenting green food on an empty stomach.
The goat was heavily watered before being pastured or given green fodder.
The goat is taken to the pasture in the morning, when the dew has not yet left the grass, and has eaten wet juicy food;
Grazing was carried out in a short period of time after the rain and wet greens were also eaten.
The dry pasture was abruptly replaced by a pasture with lush meadow grass.

There are herbs that are most likely to cause tympania when one of the above conditions occurs. Usually it's beans. Within this group, the following plants are meant:

The following plant elements are also dangerous:

young spring greens;
ascending shoots of winter crops;
tops of carrots and beets;
cabbage leaves;
potato stems and leaves;
fallen fruits of the apple tree;
corn cobs;
moldy grain.

The fact that gases form in the rumen of a goat is considered absolutely normal. Some of them are then absorbed into the digestive system, the other is removed with an eructation. However, when various pathologies occur, for example, atony of the scar (complete cessation of its motor function), gases cease to be excreted and the disease begins.

Symptoms of acute tympania

You can determine the presence of the disease by a number of symptoms, mainly associated with the restless behavior of the goat.

The animal stops eating, attempts to feed cause a serious protest.
Tail fanning of the body becomes more frequent.
The animal constantly looks at the stomach and emits a plaintive bleating.
The frequency of defecation of a goat increases. The animal often sits down to pass urine or feces, but only small drops come out.
The goat periodically freezes without movement, so as not to provoke new painful attacks by walking back and forth.

The next group of symptoms is already physiological, not arbitrary. The points described below should cause serious concern to the farmer.

The rapid breathing of the animal, but superficial, as if the goat was on its last legs.
Bloated belly. It is almost impossible not to notice an increase in the size of the belly in goats, since these animals do not have an abundant coat of wool.
The mouth of the animal is wide open, the tongue is hanging to the side.
There is an occasional cough.
The gait of the animal is unsteady.
The mucous membrane of the goat acquires a bluish tint;
The limbs of the horned become cold.

If you can, palpate the scar on the animal. In the presence of tympania, the tense walls of the hungry fossa on the left side will be clearly felt, and the scar will not shrink.

Tympania treatment

We repeat once again, the best help from a farmer to his animal is to call a veterinarian in a timely manner, however, if this is not possible, follow our instructions.

Raise the animal by its legs to a vertical standing position, so that it rests only on its hind hooves.
Pull out the tongue of the goat and put a tourniquet of straw into its mouth.
Massage the abdomen with a horned one, constantly pouring cold water over it. Simultaneously give her a solution of half a liter of water and a teaspoon of one of the following liquids:
- ammonia;
- kerosene;
- Creolina.

If timpania is running and the goat life is counting for minutes, use emergency measure: Sharply pierce the scar to the animal using a trocar surgical instrument. The puncture must be done in the area of \u200b\u200bthe hungry fossa of the animal.

The best treatment is prevention

Instead of treating an animal for acute tympania, take care to simply prevent it from occurring. Follow a few of the guidelines below.

Feed them dry hay before taking them out to green meadows, especially after the stall period.
Avoid grazing in the morning when the grass is still covered with dew or frost.
Do not water the animals before taking them to pasture or giving them juicy green fodder.

Gastroenteritis in goats

Gastroenteritis in goats refers to the occurrence of problems with several elements of the digestive system of goats, namely with:

abomasum;
intestines.

Poor water quality is one of the main causes of goat gastroenteritis

As a rule, gastroenteritis is represented by severe inflammatory processes that affect not only the mucous membranes, but also the muscles and the serous layer.

It should be said that this disease is one of the most common in goats, and it also manifests itself seasonally. For example, in adults, it often occurs in the fall, in young kids - in the summer. The disease is accompanied by a sharp decrease in livestock.

The reasons for the appearance of gastroenteritis in adults may be the following circumstances.

Feeding spoiled food. For example, moldy, low-quality grain, the storage of which the farmer did not keep track of, or which was bought cheaply.
Watering goats with unsuitable water:
- muddy;
- stagnant;
- salty.
Goats grazing on pasture with young grass during unstable spring temperatures. The fact is that chemical composition young grass, which alternately freezes and thaws, becomes unacceptable for eating, and if grazing continues, many individuals soon become ill with gastroenteritis.
Goats ingesting herbs or water rich in boron. Usually the taste of these plants is unpleasant for animals, however, if the choice is small and the farmer chooses a poor, arid pasture, they will eat whatever they want.

For young animals, the conditions for the onset of the disease will be as follows.

Abrupt weaning of young kids from milk and transfer to solid feed without supplementary feeding with a white drink.
Too cold water in drinkers.
Drinking river, muddy water.
Drinking salt water.
Feeding goats by a mother, who subsequently has mastitis.
Dehydration of the baby's body or excess level allowable temperature contents also lead to the occurrence of this disease.

The average course of the disease is 3 to 5 days. Due to the fact that the immune system is poorly developed in kids, gastroenteritis occurs instantly in them, but it takes a long time and is difficult to treat.

In those individuals who have been ill with gastroenteritis especially hard, metabolism is disturbed and weight loss occurs, as well as profuse hair loss.

Symptoms of gastroenteritis

So, you can determine the development of gastroenteritis in the digestive system of a goat by the following series of symptoms.

In sick goats, lethargy, complete unwillingness to move, constant attempts to go to bed are observed.
There is no response to stimuli such as noise, touch by the owner, or signals from herd mates.
Eating becomes rare and gradually disappears completely.
Chewing gum is slow or completely absent.
There is hyperemia and dry mouth.
Attempts to defecate are not crowned with success, on the face of constipation, which then, however, are replaced by profuse diarrhea.
When examining feces, you can see abundant mucus or bloody inclusions.

Perform palpation if you have sufficient skills. You will feel seriously tense abdominal walls, the goat will let you know that the touch is painful with a protesting bleating.

After some time, the disease is determined by the symptoms of intoxication.

There is a noticeable increase in body temperature of the animal.
The breathing of a sick goat is rapid, the pulse quickens, however, it is difficult to feel.
Trembling begins, sometimes reaching the onset of full-fledged convulsions.
Urination rare and not plentiful.
The whites of the goat's eyes are filled with blood and acquire a yellow tint.

Treatment of gastroenteritis in adults

Treating gastroenteritis in an adult goat is not an easy task. Trust her to the vet. If this is not possible, follow these instructions.

Once again, we recall that each case of the disease is individual. Medicines that bring recovery to one goat can harm another and only increase the time of the disease.

Step 1. To cleanse a goat's stomach and help it pass a bowel movement, give it castor oil to drink.

Step 2 Give the animal antibiotics for 5 or 7 days. The following drugs are widely used:

phthalazol;
sulgin.

The dose of the drug is calculated as follows: for each kilogram of the animal's weight, 0.2 grams is required.

Step 3 Simultaneously with antibiotics, animals are given means that disinfect the intestines. Among them, farmers are advised to use:

ichthyol;
lysol;
resorcinol.

Step 4 To stop abundant diarrhea, the following natural remedies are used in a complex:

decoction of oak bark;
flax or oat seeds infused in hot water.

These decoctions have an enveloping and astringent effect and greatly relieve the acute condition of the intestines.

Step 5 To prevent dehydration, saline is administered intravenously or subcutaneously to goats. If there are problems with the heart, glucose is injected intravenously.

For the treatment of gastroenteritis that occurs seasonally, for example, in the fall, use a proven farmer's recipe and make a special tincture with your own hands.

Feeding during and after illness

It is best to separate sick animals from healthy ones in a quarantine zone and feed them according to the dietary menu.

If an illness occurs, keep the goat hungry for a couple of days. When the symptoms improve, start feeding mixed grass hay, cleaned of dirt and rotting elements, and also give oats crushed into small pieces. Be sure to keep the drinkers full clean water.

Treatment of gastroenteritis in goats

Sick goats are isolated from the main herd in a quarantine stall along with their mothers who feed them. Instead of a separate quarantine zone, a temporary holding place can be equipped - something like a tent on a wooden frame, which will be warm enough if the disease period falls on the autumn or spring unstable period.

Mothers of sick babies are given nutritious feed and mineral supplements for food:

cereals;
compound feed;
mineral and salt stones;

Kids go on a starvation diet for a day, but drink clean water. If it is necessary to feed the goat because of its very young age, instead of milk, you can give yogurt mixed with warm boiled water. Such feeding is organized 4 times a day.

On the second day, those kids who have a mild course of the disease are sent to pasture with their mothers. Those who are seriously ill continue to be kept in the stall and fed. Their menu might look like this:

quality grain;
good compound feed;
fish oil with vitamins;
green hay, no more than 0.5 kg per day;
meat and bone meal;
additives containing copper salts.

Treatment in young animals is not implied, however, if the diet does not help, call a veterinarian who will advise you and select the right medicines for your case.

soldering with a warm solution of sodium chloride;
give antibiotics (usually ftalazol or sulgin).

Prevention of gastroenteritis

To preventive measures to prevent the occurrence of gastroenteritis in goats, the following can be attributed.

Pneumonia in goats

What is pneumonia know all people, even those not related to medicine. This disease is nothing but pneumonia in an animal. A feature of pneumonia is that it often does not occur on its own, but accompanies diseases that have already arisen in the body of an animal. That is why, if your animal has recently suffered a serious illness, do not rush to rejoice that the consequences have been avoided. Insidious pneumonia can start at any moment.

The causes of the independent occurrence of pneumonia in cattle may be as follows.

Prolonged stressful situations that undermined the health of the animal.
Hypothermia resulting from:
- grazing in windy weather;
- drafts walking around the stall;
- bedding moisture inside the stall.
Overheating in the sun, contrary to popular belief, also leads to the emergence and development of this most dangerous disease.
Toxic air pollution and an unbalanced menu are other common causes.

Symptoms of pneumonia in goats

The course of the disease is accompanied by some characteristic symptoms, a list of which we suggest you familiarize yourself with below.

General lethargy in the behavior of goats. The condition of the animals is oppressed, so do not expect any special activity from them. They will try to sleep as much as possible or just lie down.
Chewing gum is almost not chewed, interest in food does not disappear completely, but significantly decreases.
Mucous discharge from the nose appears, at the beginning it is just snot, then it acquires the character of purulent discharge.
Body temperature rises markedly.
Breathing becomes frequent and intermittent.
The animal is constantly coughing, wheezing is clearly audible when listening to the lungs.
The pulse rate increases.

Treatment of pneumonia

Treatment of adults and young individuals is carried out according to the same scheme, effective in all cases.

Step 1. Sick animals are transferred to warm and dry rooms. If you do not have a separate area for livestock, you can bring the animal to the heated veranda at home. This must be done, otherwise constant drafts or the slightest moisture will aggravate the course of the disease and nullify the owner's efforts and the effects of drugs. Unfortunately, most often, no matter what kind of equipped and warm stall you have, being there for the recovery of animals is not enough.

Step 2 For sick animals, they make up a special menu. It includes elements with the highest energy value. So, an approximate menu of a goat carrying pneumonia consists of:

a moderate amount of clean hay;
legumes;
feed.

It is very important throughout the disease to constantly include mineral supplements and vitamins in the diet. Perfect for:

Small kids are also advised to give fish oil to ease the effects of the disease. Drinking sick animals can be carried out with warm water to prevent hypothermia, however, if it is not possible to warm it up, try to give it at least room temperature. In no case do not reduce the abundance of drinking, on the contrary, water should always be available. Drinking plenty of water is the easiest and surest way to reduce the increased intoxication of the body, which occurs as a characteristic symptom of pneumonia in goats.

Treatment with antimicrobial drugs is mandatory, since without them it is almost impossible to achieve a complete recovery. Among the described means are recommended for use:

penicillin;
norsulfazol.

The duration of the illness for each animal may be different, however, by responding to its occurrence in a timely manner, you will reduce the time required for recovery as much as possible.

Avitaminosis in goats

Avitaminosis is a deficiency of vitamins of groups A, B, C, D, E in the diet of goats. The disease seems insignificant, however, has serious consequences for the development various systems vital activity in the organism of horned animals. So, if the animal does not receive vitamins of the above groups with food, this is what can happen.

The lack of vitamins in the diet of kids leads to a serious delay in the growth and development of the nervous system. As a result, this will result in constant convulsions, an unsteady gait, unexpected falls as a result of paralysis of the limbs.
Adult goats, whose body is already properly developed, will also feel a lack. You will feel it too, as your livestock business will cease to be profitable and will come to naught, because the animals will lose the opportunity to produce offspring.
Against the background of the lack of vital vitamins, animal diseases will become more frequent. Colds, intestinal disorders and other diseases will follow the flock at every turn and all the money will go to treatment.

As you can see, it is in your interests to fill the need for vitamins for goats in time.

Symptoms

So, consider the symptoms of beriberi.

Vitamin A deficiency can manifest itself in the following ways.

Frequent occurrence of skin diseases, as the protective function of the skin becomes reduced.
Decreased appetite, as a result, serious thinness.
Loss of visual acuity, in the evenings the animal may not see a pillar, stone or any other obstacle.

With a lack of vitamin D, the following symptoms appear.

Rickets occurs in kids, as there is a softening of the bone tissue and a curvature of the limbs.
Wool gets strayed to shreds and loses its gloss.
The general weakness of the individual develops.

Goats are most sensitive to the lack of these two vitamins, but the absence of others in the diet should not be overlooked.

Treatment of beriberi

Vitamin deficiency is treated by introducing vitamin-containing feeds and additional supplements into the menu. It helps to increase the share in the diet of:

carrots;
bran;
germinated grain.

The following supplements are great to help fight vitamin deficiencies:

fish fat;
yeast;
meat and bone meal;
milk.

Ketosis

This disease is associated with a metabolic disorder in the body of goats. As a result of the development of ketosis in the blood, the concentration of ketone bodies increases, which negatively affects the functioning of the liver, kidneys, heart and other organs.

The causes of this disease can be called the following:

insufficient energy content in feed;
an excess of protein;
eating foods high in butyric acid (for example, improperly cooked silage).

Goats with the following features are most susceptible to this disease:

fat animals;
animals that do not receive sunlight;
pregnant or lactating women.
animals with a low degree of activity.

Ketosis is divided into two groups according to the mode of occurrence:

primary;
secondary.

Consider the factors influencing the appearance of each of the varieties in a comparative table.

Overdosing on butyric acid can result from feeding silage or haylage that is not properly prepared. So, if the herbs are not dried before laying, its content will be extremely high.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of the disease include the following conditions of the animal.

Sleepy state, constant desire to lie down and sleep.
Sluggish movement in the pasture or stall;
Refusal to eat or poor appetite.
Constipation.
Frequent breathing.
Dull fur.
Slow weight gain and low average daily milk yield from dairy goats.

Treatment

The main treatment is to change the composition of the goat's diet. Its basis is hay from high-quality meadow grasses, fresh herbs, concentrated feed is added:

legumes;
bran;
compound feed.

You can also add quality haylage.

The following products should be excluded from the horned menu:

The right decision would be to give animals vitamin complexes, for example:

gamavite;
eleovitis, etc.

Vitamin complex "Gamavit" is administered to animals as an injection

It is also necessary to intravenously inject a 5% glucose solution with a volume of 10 milliliters, as well as mix propylene glycol, sodium propionate, and cholinol into food.

The acidity of the rumen is reduced using baking soda, 20 grams per individual, for two weeks.

Prevention

To help prevent ketosis, follow these guidelines.

Base feeding on the needs of the goat, taking into account the pregnancies.
Refuse to feed spoiled or poor-quality food.
Plan your goat's diet.
Harvest silage correctly by drying plants.
Carry out a constant walking of animals, let them walk.

Poisoning

Poisoning occurs when goats eat feed that was previously treated with pesticides, poisonous plants or elements that are not intended to be eaten.

Symptoms

Depending on what kind of poison was eaten, goats may experience the following symptoms:

irritation of the digestive system with diarrhea, vomiting;
reaction of the nervous system in the form of trembling, convulsions, blindness;
rapid pulse and respiration.

Treatment of poisoning

To cure poisoning, you need to remove the toxin and reduce the negative reactions of the body. For this, the following procedures are performed:

gastric lavage;
feed laxatives;
give activated charcoal.

Against some poisons, these actions do not help, then the appropriate antidote is introduced to the goats.

Mastitis

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary glands in the udder of a goat. It can develop for many reasons.

Biological causes- as a result of the entry of pathogenic organisms into the goat's blood, which settle in the mammary glands, the reproduction of painful microflora in the udder begins. In the event that the animal has reduced immunity, most likely, the disease will develop quickly and is severe.
Mechanical damage is the most common cause of mastitis. It is very easy to damage the delicate skin of the udder, for example, during milking. A sloppy kid, a branch from a bush, a protruding nail, etc. can also damage it.
Thermal factors- for example, hypothermia due to keeping in an old, uninsulated pen, where drafts and damp bedding walk.

Now let's turn to the symptoms of the disease.

Symptoms

The symptomatology of mastitis is determined on the basis of four possible types of its manifestation.

Video - Causes and treatment of mastitis in goats

Treatment

Treating mastitis in goats includes the following steps.

Step 1. The animal is removed from the companions, moving into a clean and dry, as well as warm room. Straw is laid on the floor, which is constantly changed as it gets dirty.

Step 2 From the diet of the animal exclude all milk-producing feed:

roots;
melons;
fresh greens;
fruit;
feed.

Usually, only dry hay and branches are used so as not to reduce the nutritional value of the diet too much. The amount of water consumed is also reduced, reducing it to two liters per day.

Step 3 Milking is performed at least 4 times in one day. To reduce the pain of the process and promote the resorption of edema, ichthyol ointment is rubbed into the udder.

Step 4 During the week, antibiotics are injected into the goat:

penicillin;
cephalosin;
streptomycin, etc.

They are also injected directly into the nipples. Suitable for this:

mastomycin;
mastitis;
mastisan, etc.

To support the immune system, drugs are used:

immunofan;
catosal;
trivit.

Prevention of mastitis

It is much easier to prevent mastitis than to cure it. Follow these directions.

Keep your goat house clean, paying special attention to bedding. Change the straw as needed.
Observe the temperature regime strictly, for a comfortable existence, goats need at least 10 degrees of heat. Treat all joints and cracks, closing them from drafts.
Wash and massage the goat's udder before milking. In addition to the prevention of mastitis, it also increases milk yield.
Give all the milk contained in the udder.

Video - Goat udder massage

Furunculosis of the udder

As a result of the occurrence of this disease, boils appear on the udder of a goat - foci of inflammation. They develop on hair follicles. The most important cause of this disease is the unhygienic keeping of a goat, for example:

dirty bedding in the stall;
lack of udder washing before milking.

Low immunity and insufficiently fortified animal nutrition also play a role.

Symptoms

With the development of furunculosis, numerous bumps appear on the udder of the animal, over time, the skin turns red or yellow. When palpated, the bumps are dense, the goat is hurt by touch. As a result of the outflow of pus from the boils, nearby areas of the skin become infected and new boils appear.

Treatment

Treatment of furunculosis of the goat's udder is carried out in several stages.

The udders are washed with soap, always with warm water, to soften the crusts on the bumps.
With a cotton swab dipped in an antiseptic, the crusts are removed, then the hairs are cut off.
Each cone is treated with iodine solution. Then it remains only to maintain udder hygiene and feed the goat properly, including vitamin supplements.

Rheumatism

This disease manifests itself in animals against the background of keeping in rooms with high humidity and walking drafts.

Symptoms

There are two types of rheumatism:

muscular;
articular.

The first variety pursues colds. Its characteristic symptoms are:

muscle hardening;
sore touch.

The symptoms of articular rheumatism are as follows:

swollen joints on the legs;
body temperature rises;
lameness occurs;
the desire to eat disappears.

Treatment

Rheumatism is also treated according to each variety. With muscular rheumatism, animals are transferred to a dry, warm room and rubbed with camphor alcohol, and with articular rheumatism, sodium salicylate is given inside. Outside, an ointment is rubbed into the joints, which contains the following mandatory elements:

contagious infectious diseases

Now let's move on to a description of contagious diseases, some of which the farmer himself can get from animals. These are best diagnosed early and acted upon promptly.

Pleuropneumonia infectious

A feature of this disease is that young animals that have not reached the age of three years are most susceptible to it. The disease occurs when mycoplasmas enter the lungs of animals, which are released into the environment by other infected animals by airborne droplets or along with urine. Infection occurs through the air. Typically, the rate of spread of the disease is very high, from 5 to 20 days, the mortality rate from the disease reaches 100%.

Usually the disease occurs in an acute form, less often in a chronic form. In the second case, sometimes a decision is made to slaughter sick cattle.

Animals older than three years old, with reduced immunity or who have recently been ill with diseases that have weakened them, are also susceptible to the disease.

Symptoms

An animal can be diagnosed with infectious pleuropneumonia if the following list of symptoms is present.

The body temperature of a sick goat rises sharply to 42 ° C.
The goat's appetite first drops critically, then there is a complete rejection of food.
Cough begins, at first dry, "barking", then wet, with expectoration.
Pus is secreted from the nose and conjunctiva.
It is difficult for the animal to breathe, it groans and wheezes.

A sucrose uterus with pleuropneumonia is taken for fetal extraction, since there is practically no chance that both of them will survive. In the chronic nature of the disease, the symptoms are the same, only more pronounced.

Treatment

To cure this disease and prevent the entire livestock from getting sick, you must follow our instructions.

Step 1. Sick animals are isolated from the rest. They begin to conduct specific treatment with the following antimicrobial drugs:

novarsenol;
sulmicide;
sulfanatrol;
osarol;
chloramphenicol, etc.

Tetracycline antibiotics are also used:

tetracycline;
oxytetracycline;
biomycin.

However, this group of antibiotics shows positive results only if treatment is started in a timely manner.

Additionally, expectorants are prescribed.

All specific treatment as a whole only works if the goat is provided with proper living conditions for its time.

Step 2 Within two months, a herd in which cases of the disease have been noticed is not supplemented with new horned ones, and its members are not grazed together with healthy neighboring herds.

Step 3 The stall and other goat pens are treated with hot solutions:

sodium hydroxide 2%;
formaldehyde, 2%;
bleach with, to which 2% active chlorine is added.

Also, the stalls are treated with freshly slaked lime, 20%.

It’s good if you can cure a sick animal, because after the goat they acquire immunity. However, many veterinarians and experienced farmers believe that it will not be possible to completely cure animals. If you see that the condition of a goat is deteriorating, you should give it to slaughter, since in addition to your farm, neighbors may also suffer.

To rid the body of a slaughtered goat of disease-causing residues, boil the meat of the animal well and dry the skin, having previously treated it with disinfectants.

Prevention

Basic advice for dealing with this terrible infectious disease- prevent your herd from sharing with sick members of the herd of neighbors, as well as constantly monitoring the level of immunity of your animals and constantly strengthening it by issuing vitamins and minerals to animals.

infectious mastitis

Infectious mastitis occurs when infected from other animals, sick or carriers of microbes. The causative agents of the disease can live in the udder of infected animals for a long time, from 7 to 10 months.

Infection and isolation of infection occurs:

during milking with leakage of milk;
while sucking the uterus by a kid.

The udder itself can be infected in the following ways.

When the infection gets inside through the nipple canal - the galactogenic pathway.
Penetrates through wounds on the surface of the nipples or the udder itself - by the lymphogenous route.
Also, the infection can reach the udder from other infected organs inside the goat's body, which, in turn, became infected from being on the infected bedding, from contact with the hands of milkmaids covered with spores of infections, in contact with various care items and tools, etc.

The final lethality in goats from infectious mastitis is quite high, and is approximately 50-80% of cases. Most often, it occurs as a result of severe intoxication that the disease caused. However, do not despair, infectious mastitis is treatable. The main thing is to be able to identify it in time and eliminate it with the help of a veterinarian.

Low immunity is one of the causes of infectious mastitis

The causes contributing to the disease are as follows.

Low immunity of livestock.
Inadequate diet, which lacks enough vitamins and minerals.
Injured udder, sometimes even small scratches are enough.
Dirty udder that is not washed before milking.
Isolation of pathogenic microorganisms into the environment.

Symptoms

Symptoms of mastitis are divided into groups, like other diseases, depending on the nature of the course of the disease.

Hyperacute mastitis- the goat's udder swells, its temperature rises, it is painful when touched and the goat makes it clear. The secretion of the gland is disturbed, the animal is feverish, the pulse is weak and rapid, the eyes may sink.
Acute mastitis- all the same symptoms as in hyperacute, but less pronounced, the animal is very weak, but does not fall down. The duration of this type of course is approximately 2 weeks.
Subacute mastitis- only slight changes in the udder and restless behavior of the animal are noticeable.
Chronic- can flow for a long time, for months, not in an acute form, however, it still has consequences and often leads to the fact that the diseased part of the udder atrophies and loses its working function.

Treatment

Treatment of infectious mastitis is similar to non-infectious. Sick animals are transferred to a separate room, with a stable warm air temperature. The udder is washed gently so as not to hurt the animal, then the goat is milked, often and carefully. Then start antibiotic treatment. Suitable for this:

penicillin;
erythromycin;
norsulfazol.

Drugs such as streptomycin and antibacterial drugs are also injected into the nipple canals using special syringes.

Brucellosis

Read carefully about this disease, because it is dangerous not only for animals, but also for humans.

Brucella get into external environment from the secretions of a sick animal, for example:

with milk being given out;
with urine and feces;
from the seminal fluid of goats;
with blood;
from the amniotic fluid of a goat during an abortion.

You can become infected as a result of:

mating;
in an alimentary way;
in contact with care items through mucous membranes.

One of the signs of brucellosis is spontaneous abortions in pregnant women.

One goat can lead to infection of the entire livestock. The viability of microbes is record-breaking, they can persist in manure and soil for up to 4 months, in cold milk they live for a week, in cheese products - up to 2 months. Salted meat contains bacteria for three months after cooking, in frozen form, the period increases to 6 months.

Can destroy harmful bacteria directly Sun rays, for three to four days, heating for 10 minutes at a temperature of 70 degrees will also help.

Symptoms

The main problem in diagnosing brucellosis in the early stages is that there are no symptoms. The only way to understand that a goat is sick with brucellosis is the rejection of the fetus in a pregnant mother, at about 3 or 5 months of development. Sometimes kids are born prematurely, however, alive, but then they still die within 2-3 days.

After an abortion has occurred, a purulent-type endometritis develops in the uterus. Simply put, secretions flow from the genitals, very foul-smelling. You can also observe inflamed joints.

Treatment

Unfortunately, methods of effective treatment of goats with brucellosis have not been developed to date. In addition, since the disease is asymptomatic, the best solution is to slaughter sick cattle and treat the stall with disinfectants:

concentrated solution of chlorine and water, approximately 3%;
sodium bicarbonate, 2%;
10-20% freshly slaked lime;
3% Lysol;
A solution of carboxylic acid, 2%.

Necrobacteriosis

In another way, this disease of goats is called "hoofed". As a result of its development, rotting and necrosis of the skin occurs on the gap between the goat's hooves and the corolla, sometimes infection occurs on the animal's udder, in the mouth, genital tract, lungs and other organs.

Mortality from the disease is low, at 10%, however, it should be borne in mind that the disease affects up to 100% of the herd.

Necrosis bacteria are introduced to animals from the following sources.

First of all, from the soil in which they constantly live, especially in places with high humidity;
Through the skin with dirty and damp bedding.

The incubation period of necrobacterium lasts approximately 3 days.

Symptoms

By the following symptoms, you can determine that the goat is infected.

With the development of the disease, noticeable lameness begins.
Examination of the interhoof gap shows that the skin is very swollen and reddened.
Over time, the area of inflammation becomes wider, turning into an ulcer.
The temperature of the affected limb is increased.
The animal is severely depressed.
Refusal to eat food.
The general body temperature is increased.

Treatment

This unpleasant disease is treated in the following way.

Ulcers on the skin of the interhoof gap and corolla are washed with a solution of potassium permanganate, at a concentration of 3%, and hydrogen peroxide. Surgically, dead cells are removed, the following drugs are administered intramuscularly:

chlortetracycline;
ditetracycline;
dibiomycin.

In the stalls, a complete replacement of the litter is carried out and the surfaces are treated with chemicals. Neighboring goats are examined and all wounds found on the hooves are treated with a mixture of solutions:

Creolin 5%;
formalin 10%;
copper sulfate 5%.

Processing and inspection is carried out within 5 days, you can also arrange foot baths for goats with an admixture of the above substances.

foot and mouth disease

This disease can infect not only ungulates, but also humans. Infection of animals can occur as a result of the following circumstances.

During the contact of a sick and healthy animal.
When touched by sick people or contaminated care products.
Goats get the disease by drinking their mother's milk.

FMD appears in goats primarily on the hooves, or rather, on the interhoof gaps.

Symptoms

Blisters swell on the skin between the goat's hooves, ulcers grow, very painful. The animal tries not to step on the most affected limbs, so as not to disturb already irritated wounds. Ulcers can move to the oral cavities of goats, lips, genitals. Particularly sensitive to the disease are small kids, who suffer loudly and lingeringly, letting the farmer know that they are in a lot of pain.

Prevention

FMD infection can be prevented by using a special lapinized inactivated vaccine. Be sure to take advantage of this chance and purchase it, as the risk of infection always remains high in a goat farm.

You should also purchase animals only from trusted sellers - holders of exceptionally prosperous farms.

Treatment

Sick animals are transferred to a warm and dry room, lined with a soft bed of clean straw.
Goat hooves are washed daily with creolin emulsion, potassium permanganate and carboxylic acid.
All surfaces that have been eroded are smeared with iodine-glycerin liquid and birch tar, slightly heated over a fire.
It is necessary to disinfect the premises in which sick goats were kept with disinfectants.

If you intend to continue drinking milk from goats, do not be afraid to get infected, you just need to boil it and you can drink it without fear.

Fascioliasis

There are the following sources of helminth invasion.
When helminths enter the body, the following symptoms begin to develop.

The depressed state of the goat manifests itself very quickly.

Lack of appetite or sluggish eating.

The body temperature of an individual can reach 41 °.

In the beginning, the animal swears, then suffers from constipation.

The chest and jaw of the animal swell.

Obviously, the mucous membranes turn pale and acquire a yellow tint.

Treatment

The disease is treated with anthelmintic drugs:

ocetvicola;

dertil;

acemidophen;

ursovermite, etc.

Moniesiosis

Symptoms of the disease do not appear immediately, but about 25-30 days.

Animals lose a lot of weight and become lethargic.

The coat begins to lose its luster and falls out in places.

In the manure, you can find mucus and pieces of helminths.

If decisive action is not taken, the intestines of the animal will become so clogged with worms that obstruction will occur and the animal will die.

Treatment

It is also carried out with anthelmintic drugs:

cambendazole;

fenalidone;

copper sulfate;

fanadecom, etc.

If only part of your herd has become infected, it does not hurt to feed anthelmintics to the rest of the herd to avoid further consequences.

Echinococcosis cestode

Symptoms

The course of the disease is accompanied by the following symptoms.
No cure has yet been developed, so the goats are sent to slaughter and carefully disposed of so as not to infect the entire herd.

Dictyocaulosis

Infection of the body of a goat with a filamentous helminth, which is colonized in the trachea and bronchi. It also enters the body with food or water.

Symptoms

Symptoms are similar to other types of helminth infections, but they are added:

viscous discharge from the nose;

anemia;

puffiness.

Treatment

Treatment of dictyocaulosis consists in the infusion of iodine solution into the trachea, as well as in the introduction of injections of dithrazine.

Strongylatosis

Infection with Strongylate roundworms occurs from contaminated feed or water. Once inside, the worms settle in the intestines and stomach.

Symptoms

When strongylate settles inside the body of a goat, the following diseases develop with their symptoms:

gastroenteritis;

diarrhea;

dermatitis;

pneumonia.

Treatment

Treatment is carried out with various immunostimulants and anthelmintic, for example:

phenothiazine;

copper sulfate, etc.

Piroplasmosis

The disease occurs when bitten by an ixodid tick, when grazing in forest or forest areas. Animals of any age can get sick.

Symptoms

Thanks to the following symptoms, you can determine the early onset of the disease:

increased body temperature;

anemia;

yellowing of mucous membranes;

general weakness;

decreased appetite or refusal to feed;

fast, weak pulse;

rapid breathing;

diarrhea appears;

the urine of the animal turns red.

Treatment

Animals are treated with injections of the following drugs:

azidine;

diamidine.

At the same time, they carry out therapy aimed at relieving symptoms and feed the animals with dietary feed.

Lice on goats

Lice settle on animals and, upon contact, jump onto others, infecting the entire herd.

Symptoms

Symptoms of lice in an individual include:

anxiety in goats due to widespread itching;

low productivity of animals;

decreased appetite;

the appearance of dermatitis and hair loss.

Video - Treatment of goats for lice, worms, diarrhea

Treatment

The killing of lice is carried out with insecticides, such as to destroy not only adults, but also the larvae laid by them. Spraying is carried out with solutions:

phoxime;

chlorophors;

carboforce;

arrodex, etc.

Secondary processing of animals is necessarily carried out two weeks after the first, in order to prevent hatching of larvae in any case.

Summing up

To graze animals in safe cemeteries.

Use clean, running water for drinking.

Take medical preventive measures, such as vaccinations.

Observe the rules of hygiene of goats and take care of them.

Buy and distribute high quality food to animals.

Do not allow goats to graze with infected goats.

Closely monitor changes in the state of goats.

Rebuild the animals in a large, clean, warm pen, without drafts and isolate it as much as possible from moisture.

Constantly clean up the paddock.

If you follow the simplest rules of prevention listed above, you can achieve a significant reduction in the occurrence of various herd diseases, which means minimizing your farm losses.

Goats are known for producing quality milk. At the same time, we can say that they are unpretentious and able to easily adapt to changing circumstances. Goats rarely get sick. However, if this happens, it is necessary to detect it in time, diagnose and treat it. This article will review various diseases goats and methods of their treatment.

What makes goats sick

There can be several reasons for getting sick:

Symptoms and treatment

In order to take action in time, you need to carefully monitor the presence of disturbing signs. Treatment and symptoms of goat diseases:

When infected with pneumonia, typical symptoms are weakness, cough, fever, snot, frequent breathing, they wheeze. Sick goats are isolated and placed in a warm and dry room. It can be treated with penicillin injections. If kids get sick, fish oil is added to their diet, as a result, the recovered animal will not even be able to cough.
Ketosis is a disease associated with metabolic disorders. Occurs when a goat does not eat well. In this case, change the diet as needed.
Mastitis is one of the udder diseases in goats. One of the common reasons is that the animal begins to get sick in the presence of unsanitary conditions.

Swelling of the scar on the abdomen is associated with overeating grass. For healing, it is treated by adjusting the diet.
With inept milking, a disease such as cracked nipples can occur. For treatment, it is enough to disinfect and lubricate with petroleum jelly. This will give good results. If not treated on time, you can get dangerous white muscle arthritis.
Possible diarrhea.
If brucellosis occurs - it is an infection, then it is impossible to cure it. In this case, the animal is slaughtered.
Dictyocaulosis is caused by a worm that lives in the bronchi of a goat. Only a veterinarian can treat by injecting a special solution into the trachea.
If a goat has furunculosis, pus is removed from the wound, it can be treated with streptocid ointment.
With necrobacillosis, hooves suffer. It makes animals limp. Their hooves are swollen. Treatment should be active and complex. Hoof diseases in goats and their treatment is quite a challenge. At the same time, antibiotics and means to increase immunity are given.

Necrobacteriosis

This list is far from complete.

Diseases in goats

One of the most common diseases in goats is beriberi. In most cases, we are talking about a lack of vitamins A and D in food, sometimes a goat may lack vitamins B, C and E.

One of the consequences is slower growth. Another characteristic manifestation of the disease may be deterioration or loss of appetite, sometimes convulsions occur, snot comes out, there is uncertain walking, kids may fall or begin to shake. In extreme cases, their legs can be taken away.

Treatment in this situation has long been known and consists in the need to compensate for the lack of appropriate vitamins.

Important! A lack of vitamin D can cause rickets in kids.

To make up for the lack of this vitamin, to overcome the diseases of kids, you need to drink more milk, it will be useful to additionally consume meat and bone meal, as well as yeast.

To replenish vitamin A, you need to eat carrots, fish oil or hay. The additional use of supplements, which include retinol, will help.

In the most dangerous cases, the veterinarian may prescribe intramuscular injection of the vitamins necessary for the kids for therapy.

Prevention of vitamin deficiency includes the use of a varied diet, the rejection of unjustified restrictions. You also need to make sure that the room is well ventilated and not wet.

Diseases in goats

What can poison

Important! If a goat eats grass in a pasture, it is almost impossible for her to choose the wrong plant for food.

Poisoning can occur in several ways:

If we are talking about getting an acute poison in food, then this happens if you give a goat poisonous plants: wolf's bast, spurge or mouse peas. This usually leads to severe inflammation of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
Some herbs can have a drug-like effect on goats. Examples of such plants are poisonous lettuce, yew or poppy. The result of their impact is damage to the nervous system.
A goat can be poisoned by mineral poisons, which are water that contains phosphorus, mercury or lead substances.

Important! In all of these cases, in case of poisoning, you need to empty the intestines from those who got there hazardous substances. Sometimes it is enough for poisoning that the nose simply smells a dangerous smell.

If an animal breaks a leg

If this happens, first aid must be provided. When a goat breaks a leg what to do - it is best to consult a veterinarian. If this is not possible, you can help the animal yourself. For this you need:

immobilize a goat;
to calm the animal, you need to give him a small amount of weak alcohol;
disinfect the wound if the fracture is open;
set the bone;
put a splint on the injured leg;
wrap with a sterile bandage;
then you need to fix the fracture with slats from different sides and wrap it with a bandage again.

Gradually, the bone will grow together, and the leg will heal.

Note. After performing the procedures, it is advisable to take the help of a veterinarian.

If an animal breaks a leg

Fall to their feet

Usually the cause of this kind of disorders are serious violations of vitamin, protein or mineral metabolism in the body.

In this case, the following characteristic symptoms may occur:

There is softening of the bones.
Sometimes a sick goat's joints thicken.
Animals often fall on their limbs.
They become passive, move little, do not hold their heads.
Goats constantly lick feeders and walls.

On a note! Often, disturbances occur during periods of time when goats undergo significant changes in the body.

This applies in particular to situations where they:

lactation;
a period of intensive growth in goats;
goat (birth of a baby);
pregnancy.

At this time, useful substances, vitamins and minerals are spent especially intensively.

With such disorders, it is vital to adjust the goat's diet so that the lost substances can be replenished. Otherwise, the lambing will not go as it should. In extreme cases, macro- and microelements are administered parenterally (bypassing the gastrointestinal tract), most often intramuscularly. It is also important to change the animals' housing regime, giving them more possibilities for walks. If this is not done, the quality of goat meat will deteriorate.

Goats rarely get sick, but if something happens, it is important to come to their aid as soon as possible. Even if they cough, this is a reason to worry about their health. In this case, you need to find out exactly why the goat is coughing. At the same time, it is necessary to understand how to help her in various possible situations.

Feed poisoning in small cattle - these are poisonings by poisonous plants, observed more often in the pasture period and less often - in the stall when feeding hay, haylage and silage, as well as chemicals and other compounds.

The toxicity of poisonous plants depends on their species, place of growth, climatic conditions, as well as on the age and individual sensitivity of the animal that has eaten the poisonous plant.

According to the nature of the predominant effect on the animal organism, poisonous plants are combined into the following groups:

› action on the central nervous system(datura, henbane, wormwood, etc.) - agitation, convulsions, impaired coordination of movement;

› effect on digestion, urinary-genital and central nervous system (euphorbia and plants containing solanine, saponin and glycosides);

› effect on respiration and digestion (plants from the cruciferous family, colza, field mustard) - increased respiration, shortness of breath, cough, discharge from the nose;

› effect on the circulatory system (digitalis) - increased cardiac activity with subsequent weakening;

› effect on the liver (lupins, ragworts) – jaundice, diarrhea, etc.

There are other poisonous plants, for example, plants that cause obstruction of the digestive tract (arable clover, field bindweed, common watercress), and form phytobezoars in the abomasum, small and even large intestines; plants that clog wool in sheep and goats (feather grass, felt burdock or burdock, cocklebur, small alfalfa, etc.).

They cause anxiety in animals, reduce fatness, and cause serious illnesses.

There are plants that give milk an unpleasant smell, color, taste and cause its commercial spoilage (wormwood, buttercups, spurge, radish, rape, yarrow, sorrel, etc.).

Of the chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers, arsenic preparations, cyanides, urea, compounds of copper, phosphorus, chlorine, mercury, etc. are dangerous.

The main signs of poisoning are depression of the animal, refusal to feed, urge to vomit, salivation, heart failure, discoloration of the mucous membranes, unsteadiness of gait, muscle cramps, changes in the behavior of the animal, and others characteristic of each type of poisoning.

For example, in case of poisoning with nitrates and nitrites in animals, a change in sharp anxiety and excitation by oppression, grinding of teeth, muscle weakness, pallor and cyanosis of the mucous membranes are noted, and in case of poisoning table salt- thirst, salivation, dilated pupils, redness or blueness of the skin.

In case of poisoning, it is necessary to stop the flow of toxic substances into the body, remove poisons from the digestive tract by washing, and give an antidote.

For example, a 5% unitol solution is used for poisoning with compounds of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, chromium, bismuth and other heavy metals (except lead) - subcutaneously and intramuscularly, a 5-10% solution in a 5% glucose solution intravenously to a sheep - 0.03 g/kg body weight, goat 0.025 g/kg body weight; inside - 10% solution for sheep - 0.06 g / kg of weight, goat 0.05 g / kg of weight; and externally 20-30% ointment on lanolin.

In case of copper poisoning, a 0.1% solution (1: 1000) of potassium permanganate is used, nitrites and nitrates - a 1-4% solution of methylene blue in a 5% glucose solution, 0.1 ml / kg of weight intravenously .

Adsorbents are also used (charcoal, egg white), laxatives, diuretics and diaphoretics, cardiac and restorative drugs.