Nowadays, breeding poultry is quite a profitable business.
But, like all pets, chickens are also susceptible to various diseases.
The main and significant problem in the development of poultry farming is the disease of chickens.
Sometimes it also happens that very serious infectious diseases occur, due to which it is necessary to cut out the entire livestock.
Any farmer, even a beginner, should have an idea about various kinds of diseases and how to treat them.
In this article, you will learn a lot about chicken diseases, their symptoms, disease prevention and treatment.
What diseases of birds exist?
Birds can be susceptible to various diseases. The main ones include: infectious, non-infectious, and chronic.
In order to prevent the disease of chickens, you need to observe and inspect them.
Normal and healthy chickens lead a very active life, they have a good appetite. Feathers should be shiny and smooth. They also walk and stand steadily.
When examining a bird, attention should be paid to the following factors:
- On the skin of a bird.
- On the breath of a bird.
- On the movements of the legs, neck, wings.
- to the digestive organs.
- At the feet of a bird.
If it so happened that you found a disease in any chicken, then first you need to wean it from the rest. This is done to avoid disease in the entire population.
Then you need to make the correct diagnosis and its treatment. The best option would be take the bird to the doctor, but if this is not possible, then do everything yourself.
Bird diseases may or may not be contagious. Infectious can lead to the death of the entire herd. And non-contagious diseases are not so dangerous, but they also need to be treated.
Contagious and non-communicable diseases are also divided into different categories, which we will discuss below.
What about contagious diseases?
Infectious diseases are among the most dangerous. Because they can destroy your entire livestock.
There are several types of infectious diseases:
- Diseases with a predominance of infections.
- Fungal diseases.
- Helminthic diseases.
- And diseases that are caused by various insects.
We will talk about each of them below.
What diseases are infectious?
Pseudoplague or its other name is Newcastle disease
This disease is transmitted by airborne droplets.
Symptoms of the disease include: lethargic state of the bird, poor movement, heavy breathing, liquid droppings, the bird rolls over on its belly.
How to treat a bird? With such a disease, treatment is not possible, and therefore, before it is too late, you need to wean the bird from the whole herd and kill it.
For preventive purposes, it is necessary to observe cleanliness in the chicken coop, give good proven feed, vaccinate birds.
Pullorosis (Typhoid)
AT this case Chickens have stomach problems. It is also transmitted through the air. Mostly adult birds are affected.
The symptoms of the disease include: lethargic state of the bird, poor movement, no appetite, breathing very fast. Chickens also drink a lot of water. They develop a drooping belly and notice the lethargy of the crest.
How to treat the disease? In this case, the disease is treated with special antibiotics. Antibiotics are administered by injection or poured down the throat.
For prevention, the following measures are taken: for this, it is necessary to remove the bird from the herd, to carry out disinfecting measures in the chicken coop.
Salmonellosis (Paratyphos)
This disease is caused by the harmful bacteria Salmonella. It refers to a very dangerous disease that damages all the internal organs of the bird.
The disease is transmitted through the air. Eggs from sick chickens should not be eaten, as you can get infected yourself.
These harmful bacteria die only during heat treatment.
The symptoms of the disease include: there is weakness in the bird, respiratory failure, the bird constantly drinks water, watery eyes, no appetite.
How to treat the disease? For treatment, drugs such as furazolidol or streptomycin are used.
As a preventive measure, sick birds are isolated. Maintain poultry hygiene. It is worth giving the birds water with potassium permanganate. You also need to be vaccinated.
streptococcosis
This disease infects all internal organs of chickens.
The symptoms of this disease are as follows: rapid weight loss due to lack of appetite, weakness, body temperature rises, there are cramps and joints become inflamed, it is also observed bad job intestines.
Bird treatment consists of antibiotics.
Prevention includes: isolation of sick birds and sanitary and hygienic measures.
Tuberculosis
Basically, only the lungs are affected here, and sometimes all the internal organs. This disease appears due to poor hygiene in the chicken coop. The disease is transmitted through the air.
Symptoms of the disease include: poor mobility and weight loss. Lack of laying eggs. The comb turns pale, and the earrings wrinkle.
It is impossible to treat the disease, so the sick bird is killed.
To prevent the disease, the chicken coop is cleaned.
Smallpox (Diphtheria)
This is a very serious disease. But it can also be chronic. Transmission occurs only through bird contact, or from small rodents.
Symptoms of the disease are as follows: weight loss and the appearance of weakness, it begins to be difficult to swallow food, the appearance of reddish spots on the skin.
Treat, perhaps, only in the early stages of the manifestation of the disease. Spots must be lubricated with a solution of furacilin, and also treated with antibiotics.
As a preventive measure, hygiene measures in the chicken coop, as well as grafting birds, are suitable.
Ornithosis or parrot disease
The disease is one of the most dangerous, it affects the respiratory, digestive organs, as well as the nervous system of the bird.
Infection occurs through the air or droppings.
The manifestation of the disease can be seen by the following symptoms: there is no appetite in the bird, and, consequently, weight loss. Heavy, hoarse breathing. Liquid droppings, the appearance of mucus from the nose.
For effective treatment, antibiotics are suitable, adding potassium permanganate to the water. And also in the feed you need to add more vitamins.
As a preventive measure, hygiene measures are suitable. When sick birds come into contact with healthy ones, healthy ones also need to be given antibiotics for two days. You need to process all the working inventory.
Omphalitis
The disease is characterized by an inflammatory process in the navel region. The reason for this is the poor maintenance of the bird.
Symptoms include: the appearance of weakness, any formations near the navel. Birds affected by the disease stay in groups.
Antibiotics are used for treatment, and the affected navel is treated with a special solution.
For prevention, you need to keep the poultry house clean and tidy.
Neurolymphomatosis
The disease is characterized by nervous system birds, and sometimes damage to other organs.
The symptoms are as follows: loss of appetite and weight, blindness. Paralysis.
Treatment for this disease is not possible.
As a preventive measure, poultry should be vaccinated. And in case of illness, you need to remove the sick bird from everyone.
Colisepticemia or Coliinfection
The disease manifests itself through the formation of Escherichia coli. It affects almost all the internal organs of the bird.
The disease is very dangerous. The reason for the appearance is due to poor feed and poor bird keeping.
Symptoms include: loss of appetite, lethargy, high body temperature, poor breathing, possibly even with wheezing, as well as the appearance of great thirst.
Only the use of antibiotics can save the bird from death.
As preventive measures, a normal diet for poultry is used, as well as adherence to the rules of cleanliness and poultry keeping.
coccidiosis
This disease affects the kidneys of birds. Infection occurs only through food.
Symptoms include the following factors: lack of appetite and weight loss, bloody loose stools, inactivity, comb and earrings turn white and numb, drooping wings.
It is necessary to treat a sick bird with antibiotics, and add fish oil to the feed.
As a preventive measure, it is necessary to clean the house, feed it with fresh food, and also so that there is no dampness in the chicken coop.
Encephalomyelitis
This infectious disease has a bad effect on the nervous system.
It is very dangerous and leads to the death of the bird. Transmission occurs through the air, through the feed, and also through the litter.
Symptoms of the disease are: inactivity and the development of paralysis, muscle trembling and loose stools.
Unfortunately, the disease cannot be cured.
To prevent the disease, you need to monitor hygiene, nutrition and poultry keeping.
Sinusitis
With this disease, the respiratory tract suffers, the disease is transmitted through the air.
Symptoms include: bad breath with the manifestation of wheezing, mucus is secreted from the nose, sometimes there may be convulsions.
In the treatment of the disease, terramycin is used. But do not give up antibiotics.
As a preventive measure, green food with the addition of vitamins is used.
Laryngotracheitis
The disease is manifested by damage to the upper respiratory tract in birds. It is transmitted through the air.
The symptoms are as follows: bad breath with wheezing, coughing up blood, open beak all the time, sometimes convulsions and fear of light.
Aerosol antibiotics, as well as a solution of potassium permanganate, are suitable as a treatment.
As a preventive measure, it is necessary to vaccinate birds.
Hemophilus or runny nose in birds
The disease is characterized by damage to the upper respiratory tract, the formation of the so-called runny nose.
The reason for this is the lack of vitamins in the diet.
Symptoms include weight loss, nasal mucus, and shortness of breath.
To treat the disease, a disinfectant solution is added to the water.
For prevention, you need to insulate the chicken coop, keep it clean and properly feed the bird.
chicken flu
With this disease, the respiratory organs, as well as the intestines, are affected.
The disease is very dangerous and leads to death. The disease is transmitted through the air.
Symptoms include: weakness and lethargy of the bird, diarrhea, high fever, wheezing breathing, no egg production, comb and earrings turn blue.
Treatment of this disease is impossible.
In preventive measures, it is necessary to maintain cleanliness and order in the chicken coop. Feed your bird the right way. Isolate sick birds from others.
Anaerobic diarrhea
Chickens are susceptible to this disease.
Symptoms of the disease are: diarrhea for a very long period of time. The appearance of seizures. Sick chicks freeze.
Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease.
In the prevention of disease, disinfection of the poultry house is used. And the chickens are given a weak solution of potassium permanganate.
Trichomoniasis
The disease is very dangerous. Birds are infected through food and water.
The symptoms include the following signs: inactivity and depression of the bird, the beak is open all the time, wings drop, feathers stick together.
For treatment, a solution of their tricholop is used. Birds need to be watered.
For prevention, you need to properly maintain the bird. And also buy good proven feed.
What diseases are classified as fungal diseases?
Fungal diseases are not as scary as infectious diseases, but they also need to be fought.
They are contagious and transmission occurs through contact between birds. The most dangerous of fungal diseases can lead to death.
Most fungal diseases occur due to a dirty room. Fungi spread very quickly. Below is a short list of such diseases.
ringworm
It is one of the most dangerous fungal diseases, which is fatal. Mostly adult chickens are affected.
The skin, feathers and internal organs are affected.
Symptoms of the disease are: yellow formations appear on the crest and earrings.
It's hard for the birds to breathe. Feathers fall out. Weight loss and loose stools.
It is not possible to cure the bird.
Prevention consists of good food and pure content.
Aspergillosis
This disease affects the respiratory tract.
The symptoms of the disease include: lethargy and weakness of the bird. The beak and nails turn blue. Feathers fall out.
The bird sneezes, wheezing is heard when breathing. Liquid droppings with blood. The appearance of mucus from the nose.
The solution is used as a treatment. blue vitriol during two days.
As a preventive measure, you need to clean the room and add vitamins to the food.
What is helminthic diseases of birds?
Amidostomosis. The disease manifests itself in the defeat of the stomach. It is not very dangerous if you start treatment on time.
Symptoms include: sluggish state of the bird, no weight gain, no appetite.
For treatment, you can use the use of carbon tetrachloride or piperazine.
As a preventive measure, you need to clean the chicken coop, as well as monitor nutrition.
capillaridosis
With this disease, the intestines are affected and this happens due to poor feed.
Symptoms include: drowsiness and apathy, loss of appetite, heavy drinking, exhaustion.
Treatment must be carried out at an early stage, or then it will be too late. For treatment use the drug phenothiazine, as well as proper nutrition.
As a preventive measure, the affected birds are removed from the flock. Carrying out disinfection in the chicken coop. And also, in order to prevent the onset of the disease, you need to eat right for the birds and monitor the cleanliness of the room.
Syngamosis
With the manifestation of this disease, the respiratory tract, lungs and trachea are affected.
The disease has the following symptoms: due to poor appetite, weight loss occurs, and sometimes wheezing occurs when breathing.
As a treatment, the use of iodine is suitable.
For prevention, you need to follow all the rules for keeping poultry. Poultry cleaning.
Ascariasis
With the appearance of this disease, worms appear in the intestines of the bird. But it is easily treated.
Symptoms include: poor appetite, weight loss, immobility of the bird. Stops laying eggs. Blockage of the intestines. And sometimes the manifestation of convulsions.
In the treatment it is necessary to use hygromycin B, carbon tetrachloride and finothiazine.
As a preventive measure, it is necessary to clean the premises, observe the norms of nutrition and poultry keeping.
Cestadosis
Characterized by the appearance of tapeworms.
Symptoms of the disease are: poor appetite, weight loss, convulsions.
Felixan is used as a treatment.
And for the prevention of disease, you need to follow proper nutrition.
Drepanidoteniasis
This disease is manifested in the appearance of tapeworms in birds.
Symptoms are as follows: indigestion, diarrhea. Bird squatting on the tail. Sometimes there are paralysis.
For the treatment of the disease, the following drugs are used: finasal, microsal. Garlic is very effective, you can also feed the bird with pumpkin seeds.
For prevention, you need to follow the proper nutrition of the bird. If she dies, then the body must be burned.
Histomonosis
The organ of the liver and the caecum are affected.
Symptoms include poor condition of the bird, no appetite, blue head and ruffled feathers.
Treatment should be carried out with furazolidone. Also add vitamins to your diet.
As a preventive measure, vitamin A should be added to the diet.
Hymenolepiasis
This disease covers the intestines.
The symptoms are as follows: liquid stool, stomach upset. Sometimes there are convulsions.
Treatment is carried out with drugs such as kamala, frilixan or arecoline.
For preventive purposes, it is necessary to properly eat birds and apply the necessary maintenance measures.
A disease in which eggs hatch without a shell
The symptoms include the following factors: the bird is lethargic and motionless, lays eggs without a shell. The feathers are ruffled. The cloaca is inflamed.
You need to treat with carbon tetrachloride, and you can use hexachloroethane.
Prevention requires proper maintenance of poultry, and cleaning.
Diseases of birds caused by insects
There are small insects in the world such as feathereaters that can harm your poultry.
They live on the skin of birds and feed on dead parts of the skin. Birds become infected through contact with each other.
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At all times, keeping and breeding chickens has been a very popular business. That is what it is now.
Like all living creatures, these birds are susceptible to various diseases, which is one of the main problems of chicken breeding. Ideally, prevention is better than cure, and for this, preventive measures should be taken. But sometimes even they are not effective. Therefore, in order to successfully combat chicken diseases, both an experienced and a novice farmer must have a sufficient understanding of them.
This material highlights the most common diseases that can affect the chicken population: a clinical picture, modern techniques diagnosis and treatment, as well as effective preventive measures.
How to recognize that a chicken is sick?
In order to recognize the disease in time, you should regularly inspect the livestock of chickens and constantly monitor them.
Looking at the bird you need to pay attention to:
If you still find pets that can be assumed to have any disease - isolate them from others and keep watching. Ideally, the animal should be taken to the veterinarian.
The main groups of diseases that domestic chickens are susceptible to
Diseases that affect chickens are divided into two large groups: contagious (transmitted from bird to bird) and non-contagious (not transmitted).
Pullorosis or typhus- a disease transmitted by airborne droplets. It affects birds of all age groups. The gastrointestinal tract suffers: the animal has a lack of appetite, constant thirst. The bird is lethargic and lethargic. The comb sags and turns pale, tachypnea (rapid breathing) is observed.
The main condition for the treatment of this pathology is a quick diagnosis. Sick chickens with water are given antibiotics of the aminoglycoside group (neomycin, biomycin) or penicillins (ampicillin). Perhaps intramuscular injection of these drugs.
In order to prevent chicken coop hygiene should be observed. If an outbreak of pullorosis occurs, diseased birds should be isolated, and disinfection should be carried out in the chicken coop.
Pseudoplague (Newcastle disease)- a viral infection transmitted by airborne droplets. Sources of infection sick animals, their food and water. The disease affects the nervous and respiratory systems, the gastrointestinal tract. The bird has impaired coordination of movements (a shaky gait, constantly falls on its stomach), mucus accumulates in the mouth. The chicken is forced to breathe with its beak open, distant wheezing is heard when breathing. No appetite, profuse diarrhea.
This disease is not curable. Chickens with these symptoms should be immediately isolated, killed and burned.
If this is not done, then you can lose all the chickens. To prevent pseudo-plague, it is necessary to carry out timely disinfection of the chicken coop and vaccination of birds.
Viral pathology, which often affects domestic chickens. Its main symptom is the presence of sores on the skin (pockmarks). Infection occurs by contact. The source could be:
- a sick laying hen or other pet,
- feed,
- water.
The target of the virus is the cornea and internal organs. The main condition is to start treatment at the initial stage of the disease. External lesions are treated with antiseptics: a solution of boric acid or furacilin. Tetracycline is added to food for 7-10 days. If the disease could not be recognized on initial stage, then all infected birds must be disposed of.
salmonellosis- The causative agents of this infection are pathogenic strains of Salmonella. Rapidly progressing, the disease affects all chicken organs. The laying hen becomes infected through food and water. The main symptom of this disease is profuse, liquid and frothy stools. Sick animals are lethargic, there is no appetite, but there is thirst. The joints of the extremities are swollen.
If domestic chickens are sick with salmonellosis, it is strictly forbidden to eat raw eggs, because they are the main source of human infection with salmonellosis. These bacteria die only after prolonged heat treatment.
Treatment of this infectious pathology is carried out within 21 days. At this time, furazolidone is added to the drinking of chickens. Streptomycin can be given with food. To prevent the spread of infection, sick individuals should be isolated. It is necessary to treat the chicken coop with disinfectants. Birds must be vaccinated to avoid salmonellosis.
Tuberculosis- a bacterial infection transmitted by airborne droplets. Caused by human and avian strains of Mycobacterium. The disease occurs when birds are kept in unsanitary conditions. The sick laying hen is lethargic, drowsy, with a pale comb. An important sign is the absence of eggs. Animals actively lose weight.
It is not possible to cure this infection, so sick animals must be disposed of. For preventive purposes, it is necessary to constantly maintain cleanliness in the chicken coop.
Ornithosis (psittacosis)- a particularly dangerous disease that affects the nervous, respiratory and digestive systems of chickens. Poultry is infected by airborne or fecal-oral route. They lose their appetite and become emaciated, defecate in liquid droppings. The main symptom is heavy hoarse breathing and sticking of feathers. Also, the following symptom may indicate a disease with ornithosis: mucus is released from the bird's nose.
Treatment consists in desoldering the birds with potassium permanganate water and antibiotic therapy with tetracycline or drugs of the fluoroquinolone group. Contact but seemingly healthy chickens should also be given antibiotics for two days as a preventive measure. The chicken coop and all equipment must be disinfected.
Coliinfection (colisepticemia) - a disease caused by a bacterium of the Escherichia coli group. The disease occurs due to non-compliance with the sanitary and hygienic regime in the place where chickens are kept. A laying hen can also become infected through food of dubious quality. An alarming symptom is lethargy and loss of appetite against the background of growing thirst. Breathing is hoarse, heavy. characteristic feature co-infection - a significant increase in body temperature.
Treatment consists in timely diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy. For these purposes, furazolidone and ampicillin are used.
chicken flu - viral disease affecting the organs of the respiratory and digestive systems. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets. The main symptom is difficult to identify. A sick laying hen becomes lethargic, she loses her appetite, her earrings and comb turn blue. Along with this, there is labored noisy breathing and a significant loosening of the stool. Treatment of this infection is not possible! Sick birds are destroyed.
coccidiosis- a disease caused by protozoan coccidia, sparing neither adults nor young individuals. Chickens can not only get sick, but also be asymptomatic carriers of the infection. The disease affects the gastrointestinal tract and its main symptom is loose bloody stools. In addition, there is a loss of appetite and general asthenia of animals. Birds become infected through poor-quality feed. When the first symptoms appear, the disease spreads with lightning speed. If you do not take action, the entire livestock may die. Therefore, animals with manifestations of coccidiosis should be isolated as soon as possible.
To prevent coccidiosis in the chicken coop, it is necessary to observe a sanitary and hygienic regime and prevent dampness. Pet food must meet the required quality standards.
Helminthiases
A group of diseases that are caused by helminths (worms). They are contagious diseases.
At an early stage, the disease responds well to treatment with phenothiazine. In advanced stages, treatment does not make sense.
cestodose- a disease caused by a tapeworm. Its symptoms are seizures and weight loss. Infection occurs through poor-quality feed. For treatment, the drug filiksan is used.
They are contagious, but they are less dangerous than infectious ones. Their treatment almost always ends in recovery, but if ignored, a sick animal may die. Infection occurs when chickens come into contact with sick brethren.
Ringworm- affects the feather cover and skin of birds. Pale yellow lesions appear on the scallop and wattles. Later, feathers begin to crumble and stool disorder occurs, then body weight rapidly drops. Unfortunately, there is no point in treating this disease. A preventive measure is keeping the bird house clean.
Aspergillosis- a disease caused by a fungus that affects the respiratory tract.
- Chickens cough and sneeze, breathing is noisy.
- There are discharge from the nose, excrement with blood.
This pathology can be cured with the help of copper sulfate, which must be added to the water and food of birds for several days.
Effective and quite old is method of processing the dwelling of chickens with dust. But this is a dubious way, because due to its toxicity, dust can cause the death of animals.
You can get a more visual and complete picture of chicken diseases, their prevention and treatment by watching this video.
I am a veterinarian specializing in the treatment of diseases of parrots, corvids, owls, songbirds, domestic, outdoor and birds of prey since 2002. In Moscow, a house call is possible.
If you are not in Moscow and are looking for a veterinarian for the treatment of a budgerigar, cockatiel, macaw, jaco, cockatoo, amazon, caika, aratinga or any other type of parrot, or for a sick pigeon, chickens, owls, crows or magpies, canaries, finches or another bird - I can provide qualified veterinary assistance by consulting you online: skype, viber, watsupp or e-mail.
Diseases of birds are manifested by such symptoms as: lethargy, loss of appetite, diarrhea, change in color and consistency of droppings, disheveled plumage, frizziness, self-plucking, nausea, redness of the eyes, nose, cloaca, overgrowth of the beak, lameness, falling from the perch, change in voice, wheezing and sneezing, weight loss, snot discharge, drowsiness, trembling, watery, cloudy or inflamed eyes. All these signs indicate that the bird is sick and urgently needs examination and treatment.
I work around the clock, I can come home on weekends and holidays. All consultations on the treatment and maintenance of birds are paid.
Trained:
- Loro Parque(Tenerife, Spain)
- International Crane Fund(USA)
- health center wildlife (USA)
- Dutch Research Institute for Birds and Exotic Animals
- currently a private practice veterinarian
- 2008 - 2009 - Comparative Pathobiology Resident at the University of Illinois at Lincoln Park Zoo, Brookfield Zoo and Shedd Aquarium
- 2004 - 2008 - leading veterinarian of the Moscow Zoo
- 2003 - 2008 - veterinarian at the nursery of rare species of cranes at the Oksky Biosphere Reserve
- 2001 - 2004 - veterinarian at the clinic "Cobra", Krasnogorsk
- 2003 - founder, author of the project "Encyclopedia of the owner of the bird - MyBirds.ru", project manager until 2008
- 2002 - Graduate of the Moscow State Aviation and Biological Institute named after K.I. Scriabin, specialty - veterinarian.
Worked:
It is important for pet owners, farmers, hunters and ordinary people to know that birds can become a source of many infectious diseases, and communication with them should be accompanied by some precautions. You can become infected from birds not only at home or in the forest, but also while walking in the park or on the street. In our article, we will tell you about some infectious diseases that are spread by birds, and measures to prevent them.
What diseases can be carried by birds?
As a rule, ornamental birds purchased at spontaneous markets are the source of infections.Contrary to the prevailing stereotype, a great danger in terms of the spread of infectious diseases that a person can become infected with is not wild and agricultural birds, but decorative species of birds, which many people acquire not in specialized stores, but in spontaneous markets. To date, about 90 pathogens of various diseases transmitted from birds to humans are known.
Most often, people become infected from birds with such infectious diseases as:
- ornithosis;
- false tuberculosis (yersiniosis);
- Newcastle disease.
Less commonly, a person becomes infected with such infections:
- bird flu;
- toxoplasmosis;
- pseudomonosis;
- colibacillosis;
- giardiasis;
- pasteurellosis;
- listeriosis;
Also, a potential threat to humans can be causative agents of such diseases:
- aspergillosis;
- food poisoning with staphylococcal toxins, clostidia toxins, or Bacillus cereus;
- histoplasmosis;
All of the above diseases are transmitted from birds to humans:
- by airborne droplets or through the saliva of a bird;
- in case of non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene;
- eating poorly thermally processed eggs or poultry meat;
- when poultry excrement enters food.
Symptoms and treatment
In our article, we will acquaint you with the symptoms of the most common infectious diseases that a person can catch from birds.
salmonellosis
They settle in the small intestine and begin to secrete a toxin that leads to inflammation, affects the nervous system and disrupts vascular tone. The patient develops nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, weakness, pain in the abdomen and fever. The disease begins to manifest itself 2-72 hours after infection. In some cases, a person does not get sick himself, but becomes a carrier and poses a danger to others. Treatment of salmonellosis is carried out by replenishing the lost fluid. Antibiotics and etiotropic drugs are used in its generalized forms.
Ornithosis (or parrot disease, psittacosis)
The causative agents of the disease (Chlamydiae psittaci) enter the respiratory tract and after 7–14 hours a person develops signs of pneumonia. The patient's temperature rises to high numbers (39–40 degrees), a dry cough and chest pain appear when breathing. Further, the pathogen can penetrate into the bloodstream and cause the development of general intoxication of the body. When chlamydia affects the liver, nervous system, spleen, myocardium or adrenal glands, the patient develops characteristic symptoms. Antibiotics are used to treat this disease and prevent its complications.
False tuberculosis (yersiniosis)
The causative agents of the disease (Yersinia enterocolitic) can cause various symptoms. Most often, the disease occurs against the background of a general toxic syndrome (fever, headache, weakness, muscle and joint pain, loss of appetite, etc.). With the gastrointerstitial form of yersiniosis, the patient develops nausea, vomiting and diarrhea against the background of general intoxication. In more rare cases, this disease is accompanied by arthralgia (pain in the joints) or exanthema (rashes on various parts of the body, mainly on the lower parts of the arms or legs), burning in the palms and peeling. Yersiniosis is treated with antibiotics and detoxification agents.
campylobacteriosis
The causative agents of the disease (Campylobacter) after 1–5 days (sometimes several hours) after penetrating the human intestine cause fever, general weakness, pain and aches in the muscles, pain in the abdomen (especially often on the right and around the navel), vomiting in the first days of illness and frequent diarrhea. To treat the disease, rehydrating agents, probiotics, enzyme preparations and, only in rare cases, antibiotics are used.
Newcastle disease
The disease is caused by a virus that enters the human body through the respiratory tract and provokes acute catarrh of the upper respiratory tract and fever. In some cases, it may be accompanied by . When children become infected with the virus, brain damage can occur. Symptomatic agents are used to treat this disease.
Prevention
Wash hands thoroughly after contact with birds. Measures to prevent diseases that can be caused by birds are extremely simple. By following them, you can significantly reduce the risk of contracting a particular infectious disease. Prevention measures are aimed not only at preventing infection from pets or farm birds, but from their wild counterparts that we may encounter on the streets or in nature.
The set of preventive measures and recommendations for preventing infection with infectious diseases from birds includes the following tips:
- buy decorative birds only in trusted pet stores;
- clean up after domestic or agricultural pets in a timely manner, taking precautions (use a gauze bandage, gloves);
- do not place a cage with a bird near the bed or in the kitchen;
- wash hands thoroughly after contact with poultry or wild birds;
- poultry meat or eggs are eaten only after adequate heat treatment;
- cut poultry meat only on special boards and wash them thoroughly;
- don't feed wild birds from hands;
- when processing carcasses of agricultural or wild birds, work should be carried out in a well-ventilated room or on the street;
- do not eat poultry meat with signs of disease (litter on feathers, pus in the sinuses, exhaustion, etc.);
- do not buy poultry meat or eggs in spontaneous markets;
- do not feed raw meat or poultry entrails to domestic cats and dogs.
There are a lot of diseases that a person can catch from birds, but with precautions they can be resisted. The danger of contracting these infectious diseases lies in wait for us at every step: in the park, at home, in nature, in butcher shops and other places. Be carefull!