Copper products are actively used not only in various industries, but also in everyday life. In this regard, it is quite natural that many craftsmen have a question about how to melt copper and at home make various products from it by casting. Knowledge of such technology, which has been known to mankind since ancient times, allows you to create various objects not only from copper, but also from its alloys -.
Characteristics of copper
Copper is one of the first metals that man learned to extract and process. Products from copper and its alloys were used as early as the 3rd century BC, as evidenced by historical data and the results of archaeological excavations. The widespread use of copper was largely facilitated by the fact that it is quite easy to process by various mechanical methods. In addition, it can be easily melted.
Copper, the surface of which is distinguished by a pronounced yellowish-red color, due to its softness, can be easily processed by plastic deformation. The surface of copper, when it interacts with the surrounding air, is covered with an oxide film, which paints it in such a beautiful color.
Of great importance are such characteristics of copper as electrical and thermal conductivity, in which it ranks second among all metals, second only to silver. Due to these properties, products made from it are actively used in the electrical industry, as well as in cases where it is necessary to ensure rapid heat removal from a heated object.
Another important parameter of copper, which directly affects the amount of energy and labor consumed in the production of products from it, is the melting point. For pure copper, the temperature at which the metal changes from solid to liquid is 1083°. If you mix copper with tin and get bronze, then the melting point of such an alloy will be already 930–1140 °, depending on the content of the main alloying additive in it. Such as brass, which is obtained by adding zinc to the base metal, has an even lower melting point, which is in the range of 900–1050 °.
If you decide to implement at home such a technological process as, it is important to know one more parameter - its boiling point. At 2560°, copper begins to literally boil, which is clearly seen in the video of this process. The appearance of bubbles on the surface of the liquid metal and active gas formation in it is promoted by carbon released from copper as a result of its oxidation, which occurs during strong heating.
If you bring the stranded to a boil, then castings from it will be of low quality, their structure and surface will be characterized by a large number of pores, which reduce not only its decorative, but also mechanical characteristics.
Step-by-step instructions for melting copper
Smelting copper, if you prepare everything necessary for the implementation of such technological process and to approach its implementation correctly, it allows even at home to make copper products for both decorative and purely practical purposes.
In order to melt copper, you will need the following tools, equipment and supplies:
- muffle furnace (preferably with adjustable heating temperature);
- a crucible in which you will melt copper (crucibles made of ceramic or refractory clay are used to melt copper);
- tongs with which the hot crucible will be removed from the furnace;
- hook (it can be made from ordinary steel wire);
- household vacuum cleaner;
- charcoal;
- the form in which the casting will be performed;
- gas burner and horn.
You can melt copper both in production and at home by following the algorithm below.Step one
Copper in a crushed state is placed in a crucible. It should be borne in mind: the smaller the pieces of metal, the faster it will melt. The crucible, after being filled with copper, is placed in a furnace, which, using a temperature controller, must be heated to the required state. In the doors of serial muffle furnaces, a window is necessarily provided through which you can observe the melting process.
step two
After all the copper in the crucible has melted, it must be removed from the furnace using special tongs. An oxide film is necessarily present on the surface, which must be moved to one of the walls of the crucible with a steel hook. The molten metal, after the release of its surface from the oxide film, should be poured as quickly and accurately as possible into a previously prepared mold. The details and rules for performing this procedure are well demonstrated by a video that is easy to find on the Internet.
In the event that you do not have a muffle furnace at your disposal, then you can heat up the crucible with copper using a gas burner, placing it vertically under the bottom of the tank. In this case, it is important to ensure that the flame of the gas burner is evenly distributed over the entire area of the bottom of the crucible.
Step FourIf at home it is necessary to melt low-melting copper-based alloys (brass and some), then an ordinary blowtorch can be used as a heating device, also placing it vertically under the bottom of the crucible. During melting performed by this and previous methods, the surface of the molten metal will actively interact with oxygen, which will lead to intense oxidation. To reduce the intensity of oxidation, molten copper can be sprinkled with crushed charcoal.
If your home workshop has a forge, then it can also be used to melt copper, brass or bronze. AT this case the crucible with crushed metal is placed on a layer of red-hot charcoal. In order for the process of heating and melting to take place more intensively, air can be supplied to the combustion zone of coal, for which a conventional vacuum cleaner is suitable, which works not for retraction, but for blowing. In the event that you will use a vacuum cleaner, a metal tip with a small diameter blowing hole must be made on its hose.
When choosing a muffle furnace for casting operations with copper and its alloys, you should pay attention to temperature regime, which can provide such a device. Depending on the type of melted metal, such a furnace should provide the following heating temperatures.
Very often, players in Black Desert, the new Korean MMPRPG, are faced with the need to get a metal ingot or, more interestingly, an ingot pure metal in this game. These resources are very useful and can be useful, say, in the creation of weapons, horse harness, as well as carts and ships. And if, for example, the production of a copper ingot or an iron ingot in the Black Desert will not cause any special problems, then bronze, steel or brass ingots are not so simple. Understanding steelmaking will be easier if you start with the most simple and straightforward recipes.
simple ingots
Simple ingots include such materials as an ingot of iron, lead, copper, tin, zinc, silver, gold and platinum, in a word, ingots of those metals that occur in nature in a free form. They also include vanadium, titanium and cupronickel, which have not yet been added to the Russian version of the game and will most likely appear with the next patch.
It should be noted that only those players who have completed one of the initial tasks called " Pure water for experiments”, which can be obtained in the city of Heidel from NPS Plabiani (Faisi). In turn, to complete it, you need a collection level no lower than "beginner - 4".
In order to create, for example, 1 ingot of zinc in Black Desert, you need to heat 10 pieces of zinc, each of which, in turn, will be obtained by heating 5 pieces of zinc ore. That is, the maximum amount of ore needed for one ingot is 50 pieces. All other simple ingots are produced in exactly the same way. As you increase your crafting skill, you will be able to create more pieces or ingots of metal from the same amount of ore.
To open the crafting menu, you must press the L button.
Combined ingots
Ingots of brass, bronze or steel are a slightly different material that is created by mixing different metals and materials. Making such ingots is not at all difficult if you know their recipes:
- A brass ingot in Black Desert is created by heating 5 pieces of copper and 5 pieces of zinc.
- An ingot of bronze in Black Desert is obtained by heating 5 pieces of copper and 5 pieces of tin.
- An ingot of steel in Black Desert can be produced by heating 5 pieces of iron and 5 pcs. coal.
All of the above ingots are also available for crafting by hired workers in a special building - a smelter. However, it must be remembered that a worker can make an ingot from pieces of metal, but does not process ore. That is, if there is a desire to entrust this work to a mercenary, you must first smelt the ore into pieces manually, through the L menu.
Pure ingots
Along with all the above ingots, there are pure metal ingots in the game that can be obtained from ordinary ingots using alchemy. This will require a special valuable reagent - a metal solvent, which can either be made independently on an alchemical machine (with advanced "alchemy") or bought at an auction. In addition to the solvent, the game character will need to gain solid experience in collecting and manufacturing, as well as complete the "Love for Minerals" quest in the city of Keplan. When difficulties arise, you should always remember about the possibility of turning to the Black Spirit, which will tell you the way and the scheme for further actions.
It should be noted right away that the production of pure ingots (if the gaming career is not planned to be associated with the manufacture or collection) is a very expensive business and it may be easier to simply buy the required materials at the auction. However, if the desire to deal with this matter has nevertheless appeared, all the information can be found in this article.
Recipe for metal thinner in BDO:
- 1 x liquid reagent
- 3 x piece of iron
- 4 x rough stone
- 2 x barbarian powder
To produce one pure metal ingot, you need 2 alchemical solvents and 3 ordinary ingots.
With the development of skill in "manufacturing", the crafting of such materials will become less complex and material-intensive. The master who knows all the secrets of the steelmaking craft will surely come to wealth and fame, because such materials are very expensive at the Black Desert in-game auction.
While playing with the Forestry mod, you must have wondered, what is a copper ingot in minecraft? This is a fairly useful resource in the game and in today's article I will tell you what it is and where you can dig it.
If you are an advanced minecraft player, which means that you often communicate with the block community, then the name of the Forestry mod is not new to you. Indeed, this is a very common lane mod, because it adds a lot of interesting goodies to the game, such as new resources, new crafting recipes.
Weapons and armor in the game can also be improved - they are modified, as well as made from new resources that are not available in the original game. One of these resources is a copper ingot in Minecraft 0.9.5.
Copper ingot is often used in item crafting. This is one of the basic resources of the Forestry mod, like, for example, an iron ingot in the original Minecraft game. And this means that it will be in great demand in any of your craft, so you may end up with nothing if you did not manage to find enough of this resource in time.
Copper ingot can be smelted from copper ore using the standard furnace scheme. The ore itself is mined from ore blocks that are generated in a random place on the map. You can find and identify them by their characteristic appearance- yellowish, orange tint. You collect this ore and recycle it into copper ingots.
How to make an ingot in Minecraft?
Ingot is one of the most commonly used materials. It is used to create tools and various items. Let's dwell carefully on how to make an ingot in Minecraft.
To make a metal ingot, you need to find metal ore. It is mostly found in the mines. After extracting the ore, place it in a furnace with coal and smelt it into an ingot. You can immediately use it for your own purposes.
There is another option for creating such ingots. Place a metal block in the center of the grid. Craft it, after that it will be dismantled into Nine steel ingots. From them you can do the following:
- axe,
- hoe,
- anvil
- tension sensor,
- piston,
- funnel,
- plates,
- container,
- rails,
- trolleys,
- bucket and so on.
To create a bronze ingot, you will need to take copper and tin ingots. You can get them in several ways. To make a tin ingot, you can put tin dust or ore together with fuel in the furnace. The next option is to place a tin block in the center of the workbench and craft it. As a result, you will get Nine ingots. Copper ingots are crafted using the same methods, but you need to use copper dust, ore or a block.
Having collected all the necessary ingredients for crafting a bronze ingot, proceed as follows:
- Place two copper ingots on the top row of the grid.
- Below, first place a tin ingot, and later a copper one.
- Leave the last row in the grid blank.
Ready-made bronze ingots you can use to create:
- gears,
- shovels,
- picks,
- wrench,
- garden shears and other tools.
- How to make iron in minecraft
- How to craft in Minecraft
I smelted copper on the floor of the furnace, but in the form of ingots it does not merge into any.
The wiki has two options:
- for old version fashion, you need to make a blank (mould) in the form of an ingot and pour it into a mold as usual,
- for new version just put the sample ingot on the table and press the drain button.
Added after 8 minutes:
Can't be. I have everything working the old way.
Wait a second. (I just want to clarify) are you by any chance trying to pour copper onto a sample ingot?
as soon as you try it. Copper normally pours into a mold (I made a head for a pick), but I just want to merge it into ingots (not blocks) - this has not worked out yet. I'll show up in an hour, salt in blocks with Basin for now.
This is how I tried it:
How to make an Ingot Cast (newer version of Tinkers Construct)
- Place any Ingot onto a Casting Table, and then right click on the Seared Faucet above it, and if there is enough Liquid Metal in the Smeltery, an Ingot Cast will be created.
How to make an Ingot Cast (older version of Tinkers Construct)
- Make a Blank Cast with the Casting Table, (right click on the seared faucet with no objects on the casting table)
- Put the Blank Cast into a Stencil Table and keep clicking on the next and previous buttons until you have the ingot cast. Then done!
When I was making the pick head, I first made a mold out of stone and then poured luminum into it to get a mold into which I could then pour copper.
By analogy, I have to make a mold for casting an ingot - but there is no such drawing on the drafting table (Stencil table). Now I checked again.
Added after 1 minute:
blocks appear in Basin - in general, it is convenient for storage, of course, but sometimes ingots are needed
Added after 1 minute:
Added after 3 minutes:
The normal Furnace makes copper ingot from Industrial Craft2, while the Smeltery makes an ingot from Tinkers' Construct. Outwardly they differ in color, in fact they are the same thing?
Yeah, just don't stack together.
Make an iron barrel from Extra Utilities and scoop lava into it with buckets from underground lakes. One barrel for 256 buckets, lakes can have barrels for 4.
Click to see my signature:
Give Andrey an idea, and he will immediately create a thread on it.
Cancer has brains, but brains don't, but cancer has brains!
but I created a hand in my head
Somehow smoothly from the discussion of fapana, everyone moved into a discussion of cakes.
I soaked the sheet on which I had to write the control
How much HP did he have?
Things like that, yes. And now take a box of commas and arrange it where you need it according to your post!
I can dig obsidian right now with a bronze pickaxe - the problem is that there is not so much lava to spend on blocks - apparently I need to make a lava generator or something like that.
Obsidan dig - well, if there is ready.
The lava generator is either bees or TEs, but in any case, a lot of energy is needed.
Do you at least get into shape?
Molds are made of either gold or alumite
Not from alumite, but from aluminum brass.
Brass - 3 aluminum ingots and 1 copper ingot = 1 brass ingot.
In this guide, we will consider the ores added from several mods.
Immersive Engineering (IE)
Thermal Expansion (TE)
Tinkers' Construct (TC)
Galacticraft Core (GC)
1. Immersive Engineering (IE)
The modification adds 6 new ores. I advise you to smelt them in the smelter mod The IE modification works with the Ore Dictionary, which makes it possible to use ores, ingots and dust from other modifications.
- Copper ore
Smelted into copper ingots, which are used in the creation of basic copper wires, coils and other components of the IE architecture. It occurs at a height of 40 to 72 blocks.
- bauxite ore
Smelted into aluminum ingots, which are used together with steel to create high-voltage wires.
It occurs at a height of 40 to 85 blocks.
- lead ore
Smelted into lead ingots, which are used to create capacitors.
It occurs at a height of 8 to 36 blocks.
- silver ore
Smelted into silver bars, which are combined with gold to create electrum alloy, a much more efficient conductor.
It occurs at a height of 8 to 40 blocks.
- nickel ore
Smelted into Nickel Ingots, which combine with Copper to create Constantan Alloy, a heat-resistant conductor.
- uranium ore
Smelted into uranium ingots.
It occurs at a height of 8 to 24 blocks.
2. Thermal Expansion
There are 7 ores and 6 alloys in this mod.
- Copper ore
Smelts into a copper ingot. Used to create devices, tools, armor and signalum (metal alloy). When grinding, you can get crushed copper and crushed gold with a 10% chance.
It occurs at an altitude of 40-75 quite often.
- Tin ore
Melts into a tin ingot. Used to craft appliances, tools, armor, bronze, lumium, and enderium. When grinding, you can get crushed tin and crushed iron with a 10% chance.
It occurs at a height of 20-55 quite often, but less often than copper ore.
- lead ore
Smelt into lead ingot. Used to craft appliances, tools, and armor. When grinding, you can get crushed lead and crushed silver with a 10% chance.
It occurs relatively often at a height of 5-30.
- silver ore
Smelt into a silver ingot. Used to craft appliances, tools, armor, electrum, signalum, lumium, and enderium. When grinding, you can get crushed silver and crushed lead with a 10% chance.
It is quite rare at a height of 5-30.
- nickel ore
Smelt into a nickel ingot. Used to create appliances, tools, armor and invar. When grinding, you can get crushed nickel and crushed platinum with a 10% chance.
- Platinum ore
Smelt into a nickel ingot. Used to craft appliances, tools, armor, and enderium. When grinding, you can get crushed platinum.
It is very rare at an altitude of 5-30.
- mithril ore
Mithril ore is extremely rare. Not used.
Alloys is a mixture of metals. The simplest option
is to smelt the ore in the TC smelter. You can also use the Arc Furnace: Alliying (ID 1117:12) from the GC mod. To do this, you will need Meteoritic Iron Ingots. Here you will have to sweat.
SO: 144 mB of molten metal, that's 1 ingot. I will write in bullion if they are full.
- BRONZE- (see the book on the smelter)
- INVAR- 1 Nickel + 2 Iron = 3 Invar
- ELECTRUM- 1 Gold + 1 Silver = 2 Electrum
- SINAL- 1 Silver + 3 Copper + 1000 mB Destabilized Red Stone = 4 Sinals
- LAMIUM- 1 Silver + 3 Tin + 1000 mB Charged Glowing Stone = 4 Lamium
- ENDERIUM- 1 Silver + 1 Tin + 1 Platinum + 1000 mB Resonating Enderium = 4 Enderium
3. Tinkers' Construct
There are 5 alloys, 3 overworld ores, 2 nether ores, 6 shoveled gravel ores and 6 oreberry bushes in this mod.
Alloys:
Bronze- a fairly cheap alloy, which is not much better than iron.
3 copper and 1 tin.
Aluminum brass- a rather cheap alloy, which is very important for metallurgy, because casting molds are made from it. Tools cannot be made from this alloy.
To obtain this alloy you will need: 3 aluminum and 1 copper.
Alumite- an expensive alloy, which is very important. Only with the help of alumite can cobalt and ardite be mined.
To obtain this alloy you will need: 5 aluminium, 2 iron and 2 obsidian.
Manullin- the most expensive and best alloy.
To obtain this alloy you will need: 2 cobalt and 2 ardite.
pig iron
To obtain this alloy, you need: 1 iron, 1 blood, 1 emerald.
4. Galacnicraft Core (GC)
There are 8 different ores in this mod. Some of them are in space.
- Aluminum- one of the ores of the ordinary world in the Galacticraft mod.
Smelted into Aluminum Ingots, which can be used to craft Aluminum Plate, Compressor, Aluminum Wire, or Improved Aluminum Wire, or craft an Orbital Station.
Generates at the same frequency and at the same level as diamond ore.
- Copper ore / Lunar copper ore / Martian copper ore- is generated on all planets in the upper part of the planetary crust.
Smelted into Copper Ingots, which are needed to craft a Generator, Compressor, Copper Canister, and Small Oxygen Tank.
- Tin ore / Lunar Tin Ore / Martian tin ore- generated with approximately the same probability as gold.
It can be found on all three modification planets at almost any altitude. Can be smelted into tin ingots that are needed for crafting: Medium Oxygen Tank, Liquid Tin Canister, Battery, Air Duct, Oxygen Condenser.
- silicon ore- an ore that is generated on Earth, with the same frequency and at the same level as diamond ore.
Mining drops unrefined silicon, which are used in the chip manufacturer to create the base wafer, advanced wafer or solar wafer.
- cheese ore- the block is generated only on the moon under a layer of rock. It occurs in the form of veins.
Cheese ore can be smelted into a piece of cheese, which can be eaten or used to create a block of cheese.
Since it is the only natural food source on the Moon, it is highly valued by players.
Martian iron ore / Asteroid iron ore- generated only on Mars and Asteroids. It occurs in the form of veins. Iron ore can be smelted into an ingot of iron. It is an analogue of ordinary iron ore.
Iron ore spawns at altitude levels 1-64 with a frequency of 20 clusters per chunk. Needed to craft vanilla items.
- Dash ore- generated only on Mars under a layer of rock. It occurs in the form of veins. Dash ore can be smelted into a dash ingot.
Needed for crafting Tools, Weapons, Armor, Launch Controller, Terraformer, Anabiosis Chamber,
and various variations of tinted glass.
- Ilmenite ore- generated only on asteroids. It occurs in the form of veins.
From ilmenite ore, you can smelt a titanium ingot, which is needed for crafting: Weapons, Armor, Tools and a Tier 3 Rocket Part to fly to dangerous Mars and more.
- Fallen meteorite- a block sometimes generated on the surface of the Moon, or it can fall on the Moon or Mars with a small explosion.
If a player or any mob touches this block, they will start taking burning damage.
When destroyed, raw meteoric iron drops out.
The problem of how to melt copper at home is faced by many owners. Some want to cast copper products, others have accumulated copper scrap, which takes up a lot of space, but it's a pity to throw it away. Those who believe that this is a complicated process and that it will not work to melt copper at home can be reassured. Ancient people knew how to do this for several centuries BC, without having any special devices for this.
People began to melt copper BC.
The melting point of pure copper is 1083 °C.
Among the metals that have found wide application in industry, this is an average value. Tin, lead, magnesium, zinc, and aluminum have a significantly lower melting point; for silver and gold, it is 960 °C and 1063 °C, respectively. Iron has a melting point of 1539°C. Therefore, copper, silver and gold can be melted in an iron vessel. The addition of tin, lead and zinc can significantly reduce the melting point of copper, but it does not form pure copper, but its alloys - bronze and brass.
Before melting, it is necessary to prepare:
- steel tongs,
- a hook for collecting an oxide film from the surface of the melt,
- fill form.
The hook can be made from steel wire. Any steel container can serve as a form, you can prepare a recess in the ground, as our ancestors did. For artistic casting, a special mold is required.
Melting in a muffle furnace
- Domestic muffle furnaces can be purchased from specialized stores. Modern furnaces are equipped with temperature regulators and a viewing window, they can be with vertical or horizontal loading. A medium-quality oven is capable of maintaining temperatures up to 2000 ° C, and a professional one - up to 3000 ° C. It can melt not only copper, but also iron. But it should be noted that at a temperature of 2560 ° C, the copper melt begins to boil. After cooling, the ingot will have a porous surface that promotes rapid oxidation and degradation. Such an ingot has an unpresentable appearance, it is devoid of a characteristic copper luster.
- Regardless of the melting method, copper scrap must be crushed. This will shorten the process time and ensure that the melt is homogeneous.
- Crushed copper scrap is poured into a crucible, the crucible is placed in a muffle furnace preheated above 1083 °C.
- After making sure that the copper has melted, the crucible is removed from the furnace with tongs and the oxide film, which always forms on the surface of the melt, is removed with a hook. After that, the melt should immediately be poured into the mold.
It is not worth buying an expensive muffle furnace for the sake of one melt. Copper can be melted in other ways.
Melting with homemade fixtures
You can melt copper with a gas burner
Some car enthusiasts have homemade forges in their garages that can be used to melt metals. If the forge could not be found, you can make it yourself.
- Supports are installed on the ground, for example, silicate bricks, a steel mesh with small cells is placed on them.
- A layer of charcoal is poured onto the grid and set on fire. To get a high temperature, you need to increase the air flow. The easiest way to do this is with a vacuum cleaner that works « for blowing”, directing a stream of air to the place of burning coal.
- It remains to put the crucible on the burning coals and wait until the copper melts. The melt is in contact with atmospheric oxygen, so an oxide film is actively formed, which must be constantly removed. You can sprinkle the surface of the melt with fine coals or ash from them. Slag is formed, which is then easily separated.
Copper alloys bronze and brass can be melted with an oxy-fuel gas torch or a blowtorch with a flame twisting attachment. The flame must heat the crucible evenly from below.