The centuries-old history of human being on the water makes it possible to enjoy the fruits of their achievements. So today, various marine knots are used for specific purposes.
How to tie a marine knot for connecting cables, ropes, fishing line or for strengthening - creating cables, or maybe a self-tightening knot, or vice versa, not tightening. Schematic representation of the main groups sea knots. So there should be no problems with the question of how to tie a sea knot.
The whole variety of marine knots can be divided, based on their tasks and forms, into several main groups:
- knots for connecting ropes;
- knots for thickening the rope;
- loop knots (self-tightening and not tightening);
- knots for tying a rope to an object (tightening knots);
- fast untying knots;
Knots for connecting ropes
How to tie a water knot
This marine knot is used to connect ropes of the same diameter and is a complicated option. simple knot. It creates a strong connection that can withstand jerky loads well and does not tend to slip and untie itself.
The water knot behaves especially well on ropes and cables made of natural materials. But, despite all these properties, it is not widely used in maritime business. Sailors try to use such a knot only in those cases where it will not need to be untied after the load is removed, since it does not actually untie, especially if it gets wet. In addition, this tight knot with a lot of kinks in the ropes leads to severe damage and weakening of the ropes.
How to tie a sea knot
The sequence of tying a water knot
- Place the running ends of the ropes parallel to each other.
- Form a closed loop with the running ends by passing the running ends of the ropes under their root ends.
- Make three turns of the running ends of the ropes around their root ends (it is necessary to ensure that the ropes in the process of tying maintain their parallelism relative to each other).
- Tighten the knot by tightening all four ends of the ropes at the same time.
Knots for thickening the rope
How to tie a marine knot "Multiple eight"
The multiple figure eight is a large locking knot that can withstand a strong variable load well. In marine practice, it is rarely used, despite its great reliability and easy untying. Due to the large number of turns, the multiple eight redistributes the load and almost does not damage the rope. Such a knot is knitted mainly on ropes and cables of small diameters.
Knot tying sequence multiple eight
- Stepping back from the edge of the rope, form an open loop. With the running end, turn around the root end of the rope and pass it through the loop.
- With the running end of the cable, make two turns around the two sides of the loop and again pass it through the end of the loop.
- Pull the loops to the middle and tighten the knot.
Loop knots
And now let's consider a knot related to tightening loop knots.
How to tie a marine knot "Sliding blind loop"
This knot is identical in its tasks and properties to the previous one, its only difference is that when it is knitted, a double loop is formed, which increases the reliability of fastening.
Sequence of tying a knot sliding blind loop
- Fold the running end of the cable in the form of an open loop.
- Lift the base of the loop and lay it perpendicular to the main ends of the cable, so that as a result two closed loops are formed. Run the running and root ends of the cable through the loops, making a bypass of their inner sides.
- Tighten the knot.
Non-tightening loops
How to tie a boatswain knot
The boatswain knot, which is part of the group of non-tightening loops, appeared several centuries ago in the sailing fleet, where it was used for quite a long time for fastening outboard gazebo boards during ship repairs, for lifting and lowering a person during rescue or high-altitude work. It was known under another name - the Spanish gazebo. The knot is reliable, holds the load well, evenly distributing it into two symmetrical loops. In knitting, the knot is quite complicated, but after the cessation of work, it easily dissolves.
The sequence of tying the boatswain knot
- Form an open loop with the running end of the cable.
- Turn the closed part of the loop 180 ° upwards and lead from below behind the running and root ends of the cable so that two pegs are obtained.
- Turn part of the closed loops towards each other by 180 ° to get two eights, and pass the lower ring of the right through the lower ring of the left eight.
- Pass the left edge of the upper loop through the lower left loop, and the right - through the right loop.
- Tighten the knot.
Knots for tying a rope to an object (tightening)
The biting knot is used for mooring small vessels, boats for mooring devices - fell, mooring bollard, biteng. The knot is reliable, withstands jerky loads well, it is quite easy to knit and unravel.
The sequence of tying a bitten knot
- Enclose the running end of the rope around the bitteng or bollard, fold the free end in the form of an open loop and lead it under the root end.
- Twist the formed closed loop by 180 ° and, circling around the root cable, throw it on top of the biteng.
- Tighten the knot.
Quick untie knots
This is a special group of nodes that perform two main and at the same time contradictory tasks: to securely hold the connection and, if necessary, quickly dissolve it. The solution to this contradiction was found in a simple loop at the end of the knot, which, when pulled out, destroys the entire weave. Such a trick allows for this purpose the use of many of the knots that are considered difficult to untie in ordinary knitting.
The pirate knot is more difficult to tie than the bucket knot, although it has similar characteristics and tasks. The knot in the fleet was used for temporary mooring of boats and boats.
Pirate Knot Sequence
- Form a simple loop behind the support. Fold the root end of the rope with another small open loop.
- The second open loop, circling the support in front, lead into loop 1.
- At the running end of the rope, form a small open loop and, circling the root end of the rope, draw over loop 1.
- Bring loop 3 into loop 2.
- Tighten the knot.
How to tie sea knots video
Useful maritime knot. Knits easily and quickly
How to knit a marine knot. Figure eight knot video
The nautical figure eight knot is used to connect two ropes and create a bulge at the end of the rope.
15 Most Essential Nautical Knots Video
Encyclopedia of marine knots. How to tie a knot watch the video.
Tying knots on a rope for practical use in various professional purposes and in everyday life is one of the oldest inventions of mankind. Binding, tightening, locking, quick-release, non-tightening and many others sea knots, invented by man millennia ago and faithfully serving us today, are truly brilliant in their reliability and simplicity.
The straight knot, well known in ancient Egypt, was widely used in the everyday life of the ancient Greeks and Romans. His image is often found on fragments of vases and jugs in the form of their handles. It adorned the wand of the ancient Roman god Mercury, the patron of trade, and was called Nodus Hercules, the Herculean knot, since this ancient hero wore the skin of a slain lion, whose front paws he tied on his chest with this knot. Ancient Roman women tied the belts of their tunics with Herculean knots.
Sailors turned out to be the inventors of the most ingenious and reliable knots. After all, it was they, and not the permanent inhabitants of the land, who had to deal with ropes much more often.
A sailing ship that appeared more than six thousand years ago was unthinkable without ropes that fastened the masts, supported the yards and sails ... And if we recall the construction of a large sailing ship of the beginning of our century, for example, the four-masted barque Kruzenshtern, then this is tens of thousands of meters of all kinds of gear, hundreds of blocks, hoists, etc.
The rigging of a ship with any sailing equipment was always based on sea knots, and the sail control mechanics were built on cables and blocks. Each member of the crew of a sailing vessel was required to have an impeccable knowledge of rigging: the ability to splice ends, make splashes, fires, benzels, knobs, musings, weave mats, sew and repair sails. Each sailor had to be able to quickly and correctly knit dozens of all kinds of sea bonds, and often do this in the dark during a storm at many meters high. The art of knitting sea knots by sailors was brought to perfection. After all, the safety of the ship under sail depended on it.
By the heyday of the sailing fleet, there were almost 500 marine knots in maritime business, not counting knobs, musings, various braids, etc.
How did the names of sea knots appear in our language?
Historically, many of them came to us from English and French back in the middle of the 17th century. In the days of the sailing fleet, sailors used about a hundred different sea knots, which had specific names. The names of the maritime knots used in various countries are predominantly English, and many have two or three at the same time, and some have five or seven names, which introduces some confusion.
Many maritime knots got their name from the gear on which they were used, for example, clew, halyard, bleached, gints, or by the name of the items to which they knitted - pile, tack, boat, barrel, top, etc. Some sea knots. , contain a national sign in their name, for example: Spanish (arbor), French (top), Flemish loop, Turkish knot, etc. However, there are few knots bearing the names of countries in maritime affairs, since all sea knots can be consider the invention international and very ancient. After all, even the best of all sea ties, the gazebo, known 5000 years ago in ancient Egypt, was invented by the Phoenicians.
With the advent of steamships, which in less than a century drove sailing ships off the sea, the need for sailors to know many bonds disappeared. The art of tying knots disappeared along with sailboats. And if even in the middle of the last century, the ability to knit sea knots, brought to perfection, was regarded only as a sailor's craft, then today it is a rarity, a thing of the past and almost forgotten art
To make it easier to navigate the complex interweaving of knots with their ends, open and closed loops, guardrails, hoses and bayonets, first of all, you should understand the interpretation of the basic concepts and terms used today in the fleet.
Elements of nautical knots
a - root end; b - running end: c - loop (open); g - peg (closed loop); in - half knot; e - run-out; w - hose.
ROOT END - the end of the cable (tackle), fixed motionless; or remaining motionless when knitting a knot, opposite to the running end.
RUNNING END - loose, free end of the cable that moves (walks) when knitting a knot; with its help choose tackle.
LOOP (open) - the running (or root) end of the cable, bent twice so that it does not intersect with itself.
PEG (closed loop) - a loop made by the running or root end of the cable so. that the rope crosses itself; kind of knot for shortening the cable.
HALF Knot - a single overlap of two different ends (main and running) of the same cable, or two ends of different cables.
OBNOS - the girth of a cable of any object (spar, fell, bollard, spire baller, etc.). made in such a way that both ends of it do not cross.
HOSE - a full (360 °) turn of the cable around an object (spar, other cable, eye, bracket, hook, winch drum, capstan stock, etc.), made like this. that after that the running end is directed in the opposite direction. A hose is also called a loop of a cable tucked into a bay or wound on a view.
HALF-BATTENER - a cable-carrying of an object, followed by the cable crossing its root end with a straight knot, without passing into the formed closed loop.
June 1st, 2016
I remembered and re-read the topic about. But I don’t know how to tie sea knots at all, even the simplest ones.
However, the skill is useful and you never know exactly when it will come in handy. That's why I decided to start learning something. Where do we start?
Let's try with these as they say simple and useful options:
flat knot
It has long been considered one of the most reliable knots for tying cables of different thicknesses. Having eight weaves, the flat knot never tightens too much, does not creep and does not spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is evenly distributed over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.
The name "flat knot" came into our maritime language from French. It was introduced for the first time in his "Dictionary of Marine Terms" by the famous French shipbuilder Daniel Lascalier in 1783. But the knot was, of course, known to sailors of all countries long before that. What it was called before, we do not know. It has long been considered one of the most reliable knots for tying cables of different thicknesses. They even tied anchor hemp ropes and mooring lines.
Having eight weaves, the flat knot never tightens too much, does not creep and does not spoil the cable, since it does not have sharp bends, and the load on the cables is evenly distributed over the knot. After removing the load on the cable, this knot is easy to untie.
The principle of a flat knot lies in its shape: it is really flat, and this makes it possible to choose the cables connected by it on the drums of capstans and windlasses, on the welps of which its shape does not interfere with the even overlap of subsequent hoses.
In marine practice, there are two options for knitting this knot: a loose knot with tacking of its free running ends to the root or half-bayonets at their ends and without such a tack when the knot is tightened. A flat knot tied in the first way (in this form it is called the “Josephine knot”) on two cables of different thicknesses almost does not change its shape even with very high traction and is easily untied when the load is removed. The second knitting method is used for tying thinner than anchor ropes and mooring lines, cables, with the same or almost the same thickness. At the same time, it is recommended to first tighten the tied flat knot with your hands so that it does not twist with a sharp pull. After that, when a load is given to the connected cable, the knot crawls and twists for some time, but, having stopped, it holds firmly. It is untied without much effort by shifting the loops covering the root ends.
As already mentioned, a flat knot has eight weaves of cables and it would seem that it can be tied in different ways - there are 256 different options for tying it. But practice shows that not every knot from this number, tied according to the principle of a flat knot (alternating intersection of the opposite ends “under and over”), will hold securely. Ninety percent of them are unreliable, and some are even dangerous for tying cables designed for strong traction. Its principle depends on changing the sequence of intersection of the connected cables in a flat knot, and it is enough to slightly change this sequence, as the knot gets other negative qualities.
In many textbooks and reference books on maritime practice published in our country and abroad, the flat knot is depicted in different ways and in most cases incorrectly. This happens both due to the negligence of the authors, and due to the fault of the graphs, which, redrawing the knot scheme from the author's sketches in one color, cannot always make out whether the end passes over or under the other end. Here is one of the best forms of a flat knot, tested and tested by practice. Other valid variants of this node are deliberately not given by the author so as not to scatter the reader's attention and not give him the opportunity to confuse the scheme of this node with any other. Before putting this knot into practice for any important business, you must first remember exactly its scheme and tie the cables exactly along it without any, even the most insignificant deviations. Only in this case, the flat knot will serve you faithfully and will not let you down.
This marine knot is indispensable for tying two cables (even steel ones, on which a significant effort will be applied, for example, when pulling a heavy truck stuck in mud on half a wheel with a tractor).
Eight
This classic knot forms the basis of a dozen other, more complex knots for various purposes. It can be used as a stopper at the end of the cable (unlike a simple knot, it does not damage the cable even with strong pull and can always be easily untied) or, for example, for rope handles of a wooden bucket or tub. You can even fasten the strings to the tuning pegs of violins, guitars and other musical instruments with a figure eight.
Portuguese bowline
It is used when you need to tie two loops at one end at once. For example, to lift a wounded person, his legs are threaded into loops, and with the root end (when knitting knots, they act as the so-called running ends of the cables, and those ends around which the running ends are wrapped are called root) around the chest under the armpits a half bayonet is knitted. In this case, the person will not fall out, even if he is unconscious.
Improved Dagger Knot
AT foreign practice rigging, this knot is considered one of the best knots for tying two large diameter cables. It is not very complicated in its scheme and is quite compact when tightened.
It is most convenient to tie it if you first lay the running end of the cable in the form of a figure of the number 8 on top of the main one. After that, thread the elongated running end of the second cable into loops, pass it under the middle intersection of the figure-eight and bring it out over the second intersection of the first cable. Next, the running end of the second cable must be passed under the root end of the first cable and inserted into the figure-eight loop, as the arrow indicates. When the knot is tightened, the two running ends of both cables stick out in different directions. The dagger knot is easy to untie if one of the extreme loops is loosened.
Flemish loop
It is a strong and easily untied loop at the end of the cable, being tied in a figure eight on a cable folded in half. The Flemish loop is suitable for knitting on both thick and thin cables. It almost does not weaken the strength of the cable. In addition to maritime affairs, it can also be used for fastening the strings of musical instruments.
flemish knot
In fact, this is the same figure eight, but tied with two ends. The Flemish knot is one of the oldest marine knots used on ships to connect two cables, both thin and thick.
The Flemish knot is one of the oldest maritime knots, which has found its application both at sea and on land. Also, this type of knot has a second name - the oncoming figure eight. This knot originated in Europe about 800 years ago. This knot is quite strong and easy to untie and easily fastens both thick cables and ropes, and thin ropes and threads.
We bend one end of the rope and make a loop, draw it under the main rope and make a second loop;
We thread the end of the rope into the first loop of the resulting figure eight;
Similar actions, only in mirror image, we carry out with the end of the second rope;
With proper knitting, you should get an interlaced figure eight;
We tighten the knot;
Flemish knot - ready!
Fishing bayonet
For five thousand years of the existence of shipping, people could not come up with a more reliable knot for tying an anchor rope to an anchor than a fishing bayonet. This knot, proven by centuries of experience in marine practice, can also be safely used in all cases when working with cables when they are subject to strong traction.
Read on Don "t Panic: http://dnpmag.com/2016/05/29/10-samyx-poleznyx-morskix-uzlov/
Stop knot
This type of marine knot is designed to increase the diameter of the cable to prevent it from slipping out of the block, as it does not slip and holds securely. To make the stop knot even larger (for example, when the diameter of the hole through which the cable passes is much larger than the diameter of the cable), you can tie a knot with three loops. It can also come in handy when you need to make a convenient handle at the end of the cable.
noose
It has long been one of the most indispensable units in the sailing fleet. Logs were tied with a noose in the water for towing, it was used to load objects cylindrical in shape, rails and telegraph poles were loaded. Moreover, this knot, proven by centuries of experience at sea, has long been used on the shore - not in vain on many foreign languages it is called "forest knot" or "log knot". The noose with half bayonets is a reliable and very strong knot, which is extremely tightened around the object being lifted.
Nautical knots are a kind of art that dates back to the advent of navigation. And today this art does not lose its relevance. Absolutely every person who decides to make a trip across the open spaces of the sea should have the skills of knitting sea musings. Regardless of what type of sea transport you have, whether it is a yacht or a small boat.
It must be taken into account that your musing must be very durable and reliable, since the safety of your cargo depends on it. And it must be attached exactly so that you can easily untie it at the right time. All beginners need to know a few basics:
- The fixed fastener, which is located at the end of the cable, is called the root.
- The loose end, which begins to move freely when knitting, is called running.
In addition, there is also English terminology:
- KNOT is a musing that secures the running end with the main end.
- BEND is a mousing that attaches a running end with two torsos and connects it into one.
- HITCH is a moussing that attaches the running end to any object.
For beginners, of course, it will be a little difficult, but if you remember the above, then in further study this art will not seem so difficult.
Major maritime knots
There are a decent number of the most important nodes, they should be known to all sailors:
Arbor musing. Eight. Herculean (direct, Turkish) musing.
First things first, you need to remember exactly the gazebo type. It is very versatile, so it is no problem for belaying and mooring. The most reliable way is to link two torsos with this knot. Its merit are:
- Ease of knitting.
- Ease of connection.
- It has absolutely no slip properties.
- High level of reliability.
- Musing figure eight is the most standard maritime knot. It got its name because of the shape, which resembles the number eight. It provides a knitting of several knots.
- Mainly used for fixing.
- It ties very easily
- It just unties.
The oldest of all knots is the straight line. Back in the period ancient greece they called him Hercules. Thanks to him, two torsos having the same diameter are connected. It is often used, but, alas, is not the most reliable. This mousing has an unpleasant property of sliding along the cable.
In addition, it is strongly tightened under significant loads, as well as getting wet. The most important thing is to improve your skills more often, because it is practice that will help you master this art.
How to tie marine moussing?
Below will be listed several ways to knit sea knots. Sea musing how to tie? At first glance, this may seem a little difficult, but if you are attentive and patient, then you will undoubtedly succeed.
Arbor Musing
Make a loop at the bottom and at the top. Pull the running end through it, and then pass it behind the root end and thread it through the loop. The running end must be in another snare. Then it remains only to tighten it as tightly as possible.
Eight
Circle the running end around the root, and then pull it over it. A standard loop should form. It is required to put the running end into it, having previously wound it behind itself. The final action is a strong puff.
direct mousing
Fixing this musing will not be difficult. First you need to hold one running end in one direction, and the second in the opposite direction. Thanks to the numerous diagrams of nautical knots, it is easy to learn. They are quite simple, so it will not be difficult to understand them at all.
There are also other types of nodes that will be useful to you. There are non-tightening and tightening knots. There are also knots for fishing tackle. They can often be found while fishing. Fishermen use them to catch prey. In addition to them, there are knots that serve for decoration. Thanks to such knots, you can easily decorate your home in a real marine style. Such nodes include:
- Royal.
- Three-loop.
- Cord. Turkish (that is, straight knots).
What is sea musing equal to?
The calculation of the distance at sea between the points of the path that sea transport passes, there is a value called the nautical mile. It consists of the average length of the arc and one minute of the earth's meridian.
A knot is a linear speed that consists of one m/h. It is widely used in nautical and aviation practice.
Sea musing in kilometers. According to the standard, one musing is equal to 1.8 kilometers per hour.
Node history
Ancient knots have been discovered in Finland. According to research, it became clear that they belong to the late Stone Age. Of course, the skill of knitting knots came to us much earlier, but material evidence of this, unfortunately, has not survived to our times.
Working with them, a man of that century created various kinds of products that helped him in the household. In addition, they were also used in the creation of various accessories. Also, the knots, according to the people of that time, had magical powers.
As mentioned earlier, direct musing was widely used in ancient Greece. They made a talisman out of it and wore it around their neck, believing that it could protect its owner. In addition, it has also been used in medicine. With it, the Greeks bandaged the wounds of the victims.
They have a large number of interesting legends and stories.
Almost all nodes are not forgotten and have come down to us safe and sound. During the excavations, there were remains of various teams, elements of clothing, accessories, various types of labor weapons, as well as several types of knots. But absolutely everyone was known to this day.
But a big push was given by the development of the sailing fleet. Thanks to him, we were able to create even more nodes that did not have any extra elements. Their history is very rich and from it we can learn how our ancestors lived. What heights they have reached in such art.
Marine knots are actively used not only in navigation, but also in many other areas of activity. For example, the best sea knots are used by builders, fishermen, tourists and many other people. At the same time, some do not suspect the name of this or that marine knot, but they know perfectly well how to knit it. We have prepared for you the best and most reliable marine knots, as well as tell you about their purpose and methods of application.
Simple sea knot
Called straight, this knot is the most elementary, so we recommend starting to learn how to knit sea knots from it. This knot is used to securely connect the two ends of the rope. Knit as follows:
- take the two ends of the ropes and braid the second with one of them;
- make a loop from the end of the second rope;
- thread the first rope into it;
- tighten by tightening both ends.
To increase the reliability of this knot, each of the ends can be tied to the rope with ordinary knots as insurance. Look at the diagram or video of how a straight knot is knitted, and you can easily repeat everything.
There is another variation - a double maritime knot. AT this case the end of one of the ropes must be circled twice around the end of the other, and then bent towards them and repeat the procedure. Next, the knot is tightened and the ends are fixed with ties.
Arbor or bowline
One of the most common nodes, consisting of several simpler ones. It is versatile and sailors use it for mooring, belaying sailors or tying a line to a hook. This basic marine knot is reliable, and it can be knitted with cables of any thickness and from different materials. It is knitted in an elementary way and, if necessary, is quickly untied. Knitted according to the following scheme:
- form a loop at the free end and pass the end through it;
- circle the running end of the root and again put it into the loop;
- after enclosing the running end in a small loop, tighten the bowline.
If necessary, the knot is easily untied - for this you need to move the loop from the running end towards the root.
.jpg)
figure eight knot
A classic nautical knot named after its shape. It is the basis for many more complex knots, and is also commonly used as a stopper or anchor knot. The main advantage is the ease of knitting and untying, even when the cable is wet. The figure eight is knitted elementarily:
- circle the root end with the running end and pull it out from above, forming a loop;
- we skip the free end into it, having previously made a coil around ourselves;
- tighten firmly.
.jpg)
water node
With its help, sailors connect ropes and cables of equal diameter, but in general this is a complicated version of a direct knot. The water knot provides a good connection and does not untie under the influence of jerky loads. Note that a properly tied water knot does not relax, especially when the cable gets wet.
How this sea knot is tied is clear from the pictures, but in general the scheme is as follows:
- running ends are placed in parallel;
- they form a loop into which the running ends are threaded in three turns;
- make sure that the ropes run parallel to each other;
- pull all 4 ends of the ropes at once to tighten the water knot.
Multiple eight
This knot is used when you need to create a thickening on the rope. It withstands high loads, but it is used infrequently in navigation. The load is evenly distributed due to the large number of turns of the rope, so it is not damaged. A knot is knitted on cables and ropes of a relatively small diameter:
- a small indent is made from the running end and a loop is formed;
- with this end we make a turn around the main rope and thread it into the loop;
- with the free end, it is necessary to make two turns around the loop and again bring it inside;
- pull the formed loops to the middle and tighten.
half bayonet
Another common and simple non-tightening knot is a simple half bayonet. It is knitted in stages according to the following simple pattern:
- circle the running end around a pipe or other object;
- make a turn around the root end;
- run into a loop and tighten.
To better understand how to knit a simple half-bayonet, look at the diagram in the pictures.
anchor knot
It is also called fishing bayonet. This is one of the oldest and most reliable marine knots used for tying anchors and other tasks involving high loads. This strong knot is easy to tie:
- thread the end of the rope through the hole or crane hook;
- bring the end behind the main cable and thread it through both formed loops;
- bring the end behind the main rope again and thread it through the loop;
- tighten the knot, and for reliability, fasten the end of the rope to its base with a tie.
Slipknot
We looked at different options, and finally left another beautiful marine knot called a sliding loop. It is knitted according to the following scheme:
- at the running end, a regular knot is formed, but not tightened;
- the free end is passed through the formed turns;
- the knot is pulled up, but the bottom of the loop is held.
Watch the video on how to make a slip loop and you will quickly learn how to knit it from any rope and even fishing line.
We looked at how to knit basic sea knots in pictures, and you can practice on a small piece of rope. We also suggest watching a video on how to tie the main sea knots.