• Which franchise to choose
• Business registration
• "Underwater rocks"
• What documents are needed
  • • • Similar business ideas:

According to experts, the microfinance industry remains attractive for investment, despite the fact that the demand for loans has slightly decreased compared to 2013-2014 (the “golden time” of MFIs). The population still needs quick loans, which is called paycheck-to-paycheck. Even all the crisis phenomena that are observed in the country do not interfere with the development of this business. Many large network players, having saturated the capital market to the limit, are already mastering the regions to the fullest ...

About microfinance organization

It is worth saying that before 2014 it was much easier to open your own MFI, and in general, it was much easier for such a business to exist. Everything changed after the Central Bank assumed control over the activities of microfinance organizations. Regulatory requirements intensified (the so-called mega-regulator was created) and “weak” and not entirely honest MFIs began to close in the country of mass.

Which franchise to choose

Interest in this industry on the part of small businesses is due to the fact that the process of opening an organization looks quite simple. If you don’t want to deal with all issues on your own and climb into an “incomprehensible market”, please, you can purchase a ready-made business model. So, today there are dozens of proposals for opening an MFI under a franchise agreement (for example, "Master Money" or "Home Money"). In fact, only three main components are required from an entrepreneur: 1 The desire to engage in this business 2. The room where the office will be located (can be rented) 3. Capital to start a business. Everything else, including the "paperwork" for registration of MFIs, staff training, marketing and other issues, is taken over by the main enterprise or the franchisor. Naturally, franchising involves some dependence on the main enterprise, but, you see, the chances of success increase dramatically.

Business registration

The activities of MFIs are regulated by Federal Law No. 151-FZ “On Microfinance Activities and Microfinance Organizations”. It describes in detail the basic requirements and rules for the functioning of such organizations. So, according to the law, a microfinance organization can issue loans to the population only up to 1 million rubles, no more. Registration of an MFI is essentially no different from opening a regular LLC (IP is not suitable in this case). Registration takes place in the same IFTS (tax). However, in order for the work of an MFI to be considered legal, it will also be necessary to join the state. register of microfinance organizations. This procedure goes through the Ministry of Finance. To enter the register, you will need to provide the following documents: an application, a certificate of state registration of a legal entity, constituent documents, a decision to create an organization and approve constituent documents, a decision to approve the organization's management bodies, a certificate of the organization's address, information about the founders, payment of state duty. If you start work without entering the register (that is, simply by registering with the Federal Tax Service), then this threatens a fine of 30 thousand rubles. in accordance with Article 15.26.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses. Loans can be issued to persons aged 18 to 6 years, subject to the provision of a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation. The maximum loan amount for most organizations is 15,000 rubles. The average interest on a loan is 2% per day.

How much money do you need to invest to open a microfinance organization

The law does not prohibit opening with minimal investment (this is not for you to open a bank). In fact, you can start work "from scratch" with an authorized capital of 10,000 rubles. However, it is worth considering such an important point. The fact is that each transaction in the amount of 10% or more of the book value of assets is subject to mandatory approval at the general meeting of participants. In other words, if you have a capital of 10,000 rubles, then you will have to approve each loan for 1,000 rubles. and more. Not an option! Therefore, market players recommend starting a business with a minimum capital of 500,000 - 700,000 rubles. This amount will be enough not only to repair the premises, register an LLC, but also to create the very “airbag” and increase the capabilities of the organization. Most often, areas in office centers, in the central part of the city are selected as premises for accommodating MFIs. The average size of the premises is 25 - 35 square meters. m. The rent, depending on the region, is 20 - 50 thousand rubles. per month. The office of a microfinance organization is equipped with furniture and office equipment (printers, computers, fax machines, telephones), consumables and office supplies are purchased. Of the staff, first of all, account managers, a lawyer, a debtor manager, security officers and an accountant are required. The approximate wage fund is 100 - 150 thousand rubles. per month.

How much can you earn in microfinance organizations

If you issue an average of 20 loans per day in the amount of 3000 rubles. at 2% for 14 days, then in a month you can earn about 250 - 300 thousand rubles. Of these, "clean" (minus rent, wages and advertising costs) will turn out 100 - 150 thousand rubles. This is taking into account the fact that 15 - 20% of the issued loans will not be returned on time and sold to collectors. If 700 - 900 thousand rubles were spent on opening an MFI, then the investments pay off in less than a year.

"Underwater rocks"

There are two main risks in conducting such activities: 1. High administrative responsibility (fines, constant control by the state, the introduction of new laws) 2. The risk of non-repayment of loans. If the first point is difficult to deal with, but the second is quite real. The problem of collection of overdue debts, perhaps, is the very "stumbling block" that stands in the way of building a profitable business on loans. Because finding a client and issuing loans is not so difficult (due to the general economic situation in the country). It is much more difficult to repay the loan and the interest earned. Therefore, the opening of an MFI should be accompanied by a clear study of all documents related directly to working with loans. A competent lawyer in the state is a vital necessity. To reduce the risk of non-repayment of loans, it is necessary to introduce a serious block for dealing with overdue debts. What methods can help here:

• High-quality initial consultation on the repayment of the loan at the stage of its provision.
• Elaboration of a system of reminders of overdue debt. You can use cheap SMS, as well as hire a special person who will deal with calling debtors.
• Implementation of a system of work with debtors who have financial problems.
• Implementation of a system of work with responsible borrowers (providing additional bonuses, lowering interest rates, etc.)

At the same time, it is recommended to limit the period of self-collection of debts to 1 month. This period is enough to understand the real cause of the loan default problem. In the future, such debtors must be transferred to a collection company - specialists in debt collection. There are enough advantages from working with collectors: 1. You save money on maintaining your own debt collection service. 2. Transfer some of the negative aspects of your work to a third-party organization 3. Collectors are professionals in this field, so debt collection from them is much more efficient.

Step by step business plan: where to start

It is better to start opening a financial institution with a detailed business plan, in which you need to calculate what capital investments you will need, how much money you will need to spend on providing loans, how much it will take to purchase equipment, rent, staff salaries and an advertising company. Then you will need:

• register a business
• obtain the status of an MFI;
• choose an office space;
• recruit staff:
• organize an advertising campaign.

What equipment is needed for MFI

For MFIs, the same equipment and inventory is suitable as for a regular office. You will need: computers and office equipment, computer tables, chairs, telephones; shelves or rack. All costs will cost no more than 100,000.

What documents are needed

An MFI can only be registered as a legal entity. To do this, you will need: a decision to establish an MFI as an LLC, the charter of the organization, documents on the payment of the State Duty, an order to appoint a director with the duties of chief accountant. The main OKVED code is 64.92.7 - “Microfinance activities”. When submitting documents on registration with the IFTS, you can choose the simplified tax system or OSN. In addition to registration and obtaining the status of a microfinance organization, no additional documents are required.

What is an MFI

A microfinance organization is a legal entity carrying out microfinance activities and information about which is entered in the state register of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. In essence, an MFO is an ordinary legal entity (LLC, JSC, PJSC), but with certain status received from the Central Bank of Russia.

The MFI conducts professional activities in the provision of consumer loans. Unlike banks that provide lending to the population, obtaining a loan from an MFI does not require a huge number of documents, as well as certificates confirming income.

Also, a significant difference between consumer loans in MFIs and conventional loans is the condition on interest and the term for issuing a loan. Interest on microloan agreements is charged daily and the duration of such agreements rarely exceeds one year. At the same time, MFIs can issue microloans only in rubles.

Federal Law on MFIs

The activities of microfinance organizations are regulated by Law FZ No. 151 dated July 2, 2010.

Types of MFIs in 2018

In practice, there are 9 forms of doing business in the form of a microfinance organization: a clearing company, a management company of a mutual investment fund, a joint-stock investment fund, an insurance organization, a non-state pension fund, and a credit organization.

Depending on the direction of activity and the volume of services provided, MFIs are of two types:

1. Microcredit company (MCC) is an organization engaged in the issuance of microloans. The name of the organization must contain the phrase "Microcredit organization" and its legal form.

For the provision of microloan services, the MCC is not entitled to attract funds from individuals and individual entrepreneurs, with the exception of the own funds of the founders of the MCC. Also, the MCC cannot issue bonds, issue physical. microloans to individuals in the amount of more than 500,000 rubles, to issue loans using the online system. By law, it is possible to open an LLC with a minimum capital of 10,000 rubles.

2. Microfinance company (MFC) is an organization that carries out microfinance activities subject to restrictions established by federal legislation and Bank of Russia regulations. To carry out activities as an IFC, an authorized capital of at least 70 million rubles is required. The name must indicate that it is a microfinance organization and its legal form.

IFC for the implementation of its activities may attract funds from individuals and entrepreneurs in the amount of at least 1.5 million rubles. It is also possible to issue microloans online. Microloans for individuals individuals and individual entrepreneurs should not exceed the amount of 3 million rubles.

IFC may issue bonds with a face value of less than 1.5 million rubles. for purchase by investors and with a face value of more than 1.5 million rubles for all citizens. At the same time, the Bank of Russia monitors compliance with economic standards for the sufficiency of own funds and liquidity of the IFC issuing bonds.

Can an individual entrepreneur obtain the status of an MFI?

For individual entrepreneurs can't practice microfinance activities and register MFIs.

How to open an MFI: step by step instructions

Before obtaining the status of an MFI in the Central Bank, you need to open a legal entity. The most common form for creating an MFI is a limited liability company (LLC).

Registering a legal entity (LLC)

The procedure for registering an LLC for the activities of a microfinance organization is no different from registering an ordinary company. The only thing worth paying attention to:

• in the application for registration as the main type of activity, the OKVED code 64.92.7 is indicated;
• the name of the organization must contain the phrase: “Microfinance company” or “Microcredit company”.

Note: the phrase "Microfinance company" or "Microcredit company" can be used in the name of an LLC without the status of an MFI only during the first 90 calendar days from the date of registration of the LLC.

Required documents for registration of LLC in 2018

To register an LLC, you need to prepare the following documents:

• Application for registration of an LLC in the form P11001 - 1 copy.
• Decision of the sole founder (if there is one founder) - 1 copy.
• Minutes of the founders' meeting
• Agreement on the establishment of an LLC (if there are several founders) - 1 copy.
• Charter of the LLC - 2 copies.
• Receipt of payment of the state duty for registration of an LLC in the amount of 4,000 rubles.
• Letter of guarantee on the provision of a legal address - 1 copy.

Where to apply for registration of an LLC?

The prepared documents must be submitted to the registering IFTS at the legal address of the LLC.

LLC registration period in 2018

In case of successful completion of the registration procedure through 3 business days you must issue the constituent documents of the LLC. After that, you can proceed to the preparation of documents for the Central Bank.

Required documents for registration of MFIs in the Central Bank

To obtain the status of an MFI, the following documents must be submitted to the Central Bank:

• Application from the head of the LLC to be included in the register of microfinance organizations.
• Receipt of payment of the state duty for registration of MFIs in the amount of 1 500 rubles.
• A copy of the charter and decision on registration of the MFI.
• A copy of the order appointing the director.
• Information about the founders of the LLC.
• Certificate of no criminal record of the head and founders.
• Information about the legal address of the LLC.
• Internal control rules.
• An extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities about an LLC with the signature of the head and the seal (in most cases, the Central Bank requests it from the tax office on its own).

Where to submit documents for registration of MFIs

The generated documents must be submitted to the relevant territorial office of the Central Bank.

MFI registration deadline in 2018

MFIs are registered within 30 working days from the date of filing. Within 14 working days, the documents and the information contained in them are checked, as a result of which the documents can be returned for revision.

Information about new MFIs is entered into the state register within 30 working days from the date of filing. Within 14 working days, the documents and the information contained in them are checked, as a result of which the documents can be returned for revision.

State Register of MFIs of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation 2018

Information about all successfully registered MFOs is entered into the state register, which is publicly available on the official website of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

The status of a microfinance organization can only be obtained by a legal entity. An individual entrepreneur is deprived of such an opportunity. Another necessary component of the status of a microfinance organization is the entry of information about a microfinance organization into the state register of microfinance organizations. Thus, a legal entity created and entered into the state register of microfinance organizations in the prescribed manner acquires the status of a microfinance organization from the date information about it is entered in the specified register.

Our specialists provide step-by-step legal support for the registration of a microcredit company of one of the types of microfinance organization. Below you can find a list of our services. We are located in the city of Kazan (Republic of Tatarstan), but we provide services throughout Russia. You can learn more about the cost of services and the list of required documents by e-mail info@site

You can get oral or written advice on organizational issues of opening a microcredit company in the Russian Federation.

Our specialists have many years of experience in providing legal support to microcredit companies. Provide the most complete, accurate and prompt advice.

Step-by-step legal support for a microcredit company

Registration of a microcredit company with the tax authorities of the Russian Federation.

Service cost 18500 r.

At this stage, our specialists will provide you with the necessary advice on choosing the legal address of the microcredit company, check the name of the microcredit company, prepare recommendations on the selection of the founders of the microcredit company and the sole executive body.

The creation of an MCC begins with the registration of a legal entity. Before opening an MCC, it is necessary to check the compliance of the founders of a microfinance organization and its sole executive body with the qualification requirements established by Federal Law No. 151-FZ of July 2, 2010. First, the requirements for the founder(s) of a microfinance organization are the absence of a criminal record for a crime in the field of economic activity or a crime against state power. Secondly, the following persons cannot be the sole executive body of a microfinance organization:

• persons who exercised the functions of the sole executive body of financial organizations at the time these organizations committed violations, for which their licenses to carry out relevant types of activities were canceled (revoked), or violations for which the said licenses were suspended and the said licenses were canceled (revoked) due to the failure to eliminate these violations, if less than three years have passed from the date of such cancellation (revoke). At the same time, for the purposes of this Federal Law, a financial organization means a professional participant in the securities market, a clearing organization, a management company of an investment fund, a unit investment fund and a non-state pension fund, a specialized depository of an investment fund, a unit investment fund and a non-state pension fund, a joint-stock investment fund, a credit institution, an insurance organization, a non-state pension fund, a trade organizer;
• persons in respect of whom the period during which they are considered subject to administrative punishment in the form of disqualification has not expired;
• persons who have an unexpunged or outstanding conviction for crimes in the field of economic activity or crimes against state power.

At the first stage, U-Peter Consulting specialists will prepare the necessary documents for you:

• Charter of a microcredit company in accordance with the requirements of the Federal Law of July 2, 2010 N 151-FZ "On Microfinance Activities and Microfinance Organizations".
• Protocol (decision) on the establishment of a microcredit company.
• Application Form No. Р11001
• Order on the appointment of a director.
• Appointment letter for an accountant.

Required documents and information about the founder(s) and the sole executive body for the preparation of documents for the tax authorities:

• TIN of the founder(s) of the MCC
• Passport details of the founder(s) of the MCC
• Position of the head of the ICC
• TIN of the sole executive body
• Passport data of the sole executive body
• contact number
• Legal address
• Letter of guarantee from the landlord (at the conclusion of the lease agreement)
• Name of the legal entity: LLC Microcredit Company "____________".

In accordance with paragraphs. 5 p. 1 art. 6 of the Federal Law of 02.07.2010 N 151-FZ "On Microfinance Activities and Microfinance Organizations" in entering information about a legal entity into the state register of an MFI may be in the case of the presence in the register of the full and (or) abbreviated name of the MFO, including the full or abbreviated company name that matches the full and (or) abbreviated name, including the full or abbreviated company name of the legal entity that submitted the application for entry information about this legal entity in the specified register, or confusingly similar to it, provided that the relevant information about the microfinance organization was entered in the unified state register of legal entities earlier than the information about the legal entity that submitted the application. Thus, a decision should be made on the choice of the full and (or) abbreviated name of the legal entity, taking into account the information contained in the register of MFIs and the Unified State Register of Legal Entities. According to part 5 of article 4 of Law No. 151-FZ, the information contained in the register of MFIs is open and publicly available. The register of MFOs is posted on the official website of the Bank of Russia in the Internet information and telecommunications network.

In addition, in accordance with paragraph 13 of the Information Letter of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated December 13, 2007 No. 122, the question of similarity to the point of confusion of designations is a matter of fact and, as a general rule, can be resolved by the court without an expert examination. At the same time, when determining the identity or similarity to the point of confusion of company names, the courts use, among other things, the Guidelines for checking the declared designations for identity and similarity, approved by Rospatent Order No. 197 dated December 31, 2009 (hereinafter - the Guidelines). In accordance with the Guidelines, a designation is considered confusingly similar to another designation if it is associated with it as a whole, despite their individual differences. The assessment of the similarity of designations is made on the basis of the general impression formed, including taking into account unprotected elements. At the same time, the formation of a general impression can occur under the influence of any features of the designations, including the dominant verbal or graphic elements, their compositional solution, and others. According to paragraph 4.2 of the Guidelines, the similarity of verbal designations can be sound (phonetic), graphic (visual) and semantic (semantic). It should be noted that paragraph 4.2.4.2 of the Guidelines states that if a verbal designation consists of protectable and non-protectable elements, then the identity and similarity of the protectable elements are taken into account during the examination.

In accordance with paragraph 10 of part 1 of Article 12 of Law No. 151-FZ, a microfinance organization is not entitled to use the full and (or) abbreviated name, including the full and (or) abbreviated company name, which coincides or is confusingly similar to the full and (or) abbreviated name, including the full and (or) abbreviated company name, of a microfinance organization or other financial organization, information about which was entered in the unified state register of legal entities prior to state registration of the relevant microfinance organizations. At the same time, this prohibition does not apply to microfinance organizations using the full and (or) abbreviated name, including the full and (or) abbreviated company name, coinciding or confusingly similar to the full and (or) abbreviated name, including the full and (or) abbreviated company name, of microfinance or other financial organizations affiliated with them.

In connection with the above, a decision should be made on the choice of the name of the Company, taking into account the above information, as well as the norm on affiliation established by paragraph 10 of part 1 of Article 12 of Law No. 151-FZ.

Entering information about the microcredit company in the register of microfinance organizations of the Bank of Russia.

Preparation of documents for entering information about a microcredit company into the state register of microfinance organizations.

Service cost 35500 r.

Entering information about the legal entity into the register of MFIs is the next step in registering a microcredit company. This stage is also briefly called the registration of MFIs with the Central Bank or the registration of MFIs in the register. The procedure for entering information about a legal entity in the state register of microfinance organizations is established by Bank of Russia Order No. 3984-U dated March 28, 2016 “On the procedure for maintaining the state register of microfinance organizations by the Bank of Russia, the form of an application for entering information about a legal entity into the state register of microfinance organizations, the form for information about the founders (participants, shareholders) of a legal entity, the form of a certificate for entering information about a legal entity into the state register of microfinance organizations and the procedure for its re-issuance, forms of applications for amendments type of microfinance organization and carrying out activities in the form of a microfinance company or carrying out activities in the form of a microcredit company, the form and procedure for submitting documents and information confirming the availability of own funds (capital) and the sources of origin of funds contributed by the founders (participants, shareholders)”.

Microfinance organizations submit the following documents to the Financial Market Access Department of the Bank of Russia:

1. an application for entering information about a legal entity in the state register of microfinance organizations, signed by the head of the legal entity or a person authorized by him, indicating his last name, first name, patronymic (if any), place of residence and contact numbers;
2. a copy of the constituent documents of the legal entity;
3. a copy of the decision to establish a legal entity;
4. information about the address (location) of the permanent executive body of the legal entity, at which communication with the legal entity is carried out;
5. a copy of the decision on the election (appointment) of the governing bodies of the legal entity, effective on the day the documents are submitted to the Bank of Russia;
6. information about the founders (participants, shareholders) of the legal entity;
7. the original certificate of the presence (absence) of a criminal record among members of the board of directors (supervisory board), members of the collegiate executive body, the sole executive body of a legal entity, founders (participants, shareholders) having the right to dispose of 10 or more percent of the votes attributable to voting shares (stakes) constituting the authorized capital of a legal entity, which is issued by the authorized state authority and the date of issue of which does not exceed three months before the date of its submission;
8. internal control rules developed in order to counter the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism in accordance with Federal Law No. 115-FZ dated 07.08.2001 "On countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism";
9. a copy of the document on the appointment of a special official responsible for the implementation of the internal control rules for combating money laundering and the financing of terrorism.
10. a document confirming the payment of the state fee for entering information about the legal entity in the state register of microfinance organizations;
11. an extract from the register of foreign legal entities of the respective country of origin or another document of equal legal force confirming the legal status of the founder (participant, shareholder) - a foreign legal entity (for legal entities with foreign founders (participants, shareholders).

Sample application for entering information about a legal entity in the state register of microfinance organizations and information about the founders (shareholders, participants) of a legal entity

The above documents are sent to the Bank of Russia at the address of the Financial Market Admission Department by registered mail (package) with a list of attachments and acknowledgment of receipt at the address: 107016, Moscow, st. Neglinnaya, house 12.

For entering information about a legal entity into the state register of microfinance organizations, a state fee of 1,500 rubles is charged. The fee can be paid in cash or non-cash (through the settlement account of the microcredit company). The fee paid in cash may be credited if a payment document is submitted confirming the fact of payment of the state fee by a legal or authorized representative of the legal entity, containing in the column "Reason for payment" an indication that the payment of the state fee is carried out on behalf of the taxpayer, and an account cash warrant or other document confirming the issuance of funds to the representative of the legal entity for the payment of the state fee at the expense of the legal entity's own funds.

Preparation of notifications to the Bank of Russia, self-regulatory organization, credit history bureaus and the Federal Financial Monitoring Service.

Service cost from 10000 r.

The Bank of Russia maintains a unified register of self-regulatory organizations in the financial market. Thus, the above register includes three organizations that carry out self-regulation of the activities of microfinance organizations (the so-called SRO MFIs): In accordance with Article 7.2 of the Federal Law No. 151-FZ dated July 2, 2010, microfinance organizations are required to join a self-regulatory organization in the financial market within 90 (ninety) days following the entry of information about the legal entity into the state register of microfinance organizations.

1. Union "Microfinance Alliance "Institutions for the development of small and medium-sized businesses";
2. Self-Regulatory Organization Union of Microfinance Organizations "Unity";
3. Self-Regulatory Organization Union of Microfinance Organizations "Microfinance and Development".

In addition, pursuant to Article 16 of Federal Law No. 151-FZ of July 2, 2010, microfinance organizations are required to submit the information necessary for the formation of credit histories of legal entities and individuals, including individual entrepreneurs in relation to borrowers, to at least one credit history bureau included in the state register of credit history bureaus in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 218-FZ of December 30, 2004 "On Credit Histories". Thus, according to Part 3.1 of Article 5 of Federal Law No. 218-FZ of December 30, 2004, microfinance organizations are required to submit all available information regarding borrowers to at least one credit history bureau included in the state register of credit history bureaus, without obtaining consent to submit it.

Only after receiving an SRO certificate and an agreement with the BCI, a microfinance organization has the right to start issuing loans.

Creation of a website for a microcredit company and filling it with the necessary content.

Service cost negotiable in agreement with the customer.

Preparation of documents in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 115-FZ dated 07.08.2001 "On Combating the Legalization (Laundering) of Proceeds from Crime and the Financing of Terrorism" and Bank of Russia regulations in the field of AML/CFT:

5.1. Development of internal control rules to combat the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime, the financing of terrorism and the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

5.2. A practical guide for accounting for the training of employees of a microcredit company on AML/CFT/CPF in accordance with the requirements of Bank of Russia Ordinance No. 3471-U dated December 5, 2014 "On the requirements for the training and education of personnel in non-credit financial institutions".

Price from 5500 r.

5.3. A practical guide for registering the results of work in the Personal Account on the portal of the Federal Financial Monitoring Service in accordance with the requirements of Bank of Russia Directive No. 3484-U dated December 15, 2014 "On the procedure for non-credit financial organizations to submit to the authorized body the information provided for by the Federal Law "On countering the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism".

Price from 4500 r.

5.4. A practical guide for documenting the procedure for appointing a special official of a microcredit company responsible for the implementation of internal control rules in order to counteract the legalization of proceeds from crime, the financing of terrorism and the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.

Price from 5000 r.

For a microcredit company, repeated violations during the year of the requirements of Federal Law No. 115-FZ of August 7, 2001 "On Counteracting the Legalization (Laundering) of Criminally Obtained Proceeds and the Financing of Terrorism" entails exclusion from the state register of the Bank of Russia. Also, for failure to comply with the requirements of the legislation on combating the legalization (laundering) of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism, article 15.27 of the Code of Administrative Offenses establishes administrative liability of up to 1,000,000 rubles.

Preparation of documents for the provision of microloans in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 353-FZ of December 21, 2013 “On Consumer Credit (Loans)” and Federal Law No. 151-FZ of July 2, 2010 “On Microfinance Activities and Microfinance Organizations”.

6.1. Documents of a microcredit company for providing consumer loans to individuals, developed in accordance with the requirements of Federal Law No. 151-FZ of July 2, 2010 "On Microfinance Activities and Microfinance Organizations", Federal Law No. 353-FZ of December 21, 2013 "On Consumer Credit (Loan)", Instructions of the Bank of Russia No. 3240-U of April 23, 2014 "On Tabular Form individual conditions of a consumer credit (loan) agreement" and the Basic Standard for a Microfinance Organization to Perform Operations in the Financial Market, approved. Bank of Russia dated April 27, 2018 No. KFNP-12:

1. Rules for granting microloans.
2. Microloan application.
3. Information about persons who have a significant (direct or indirect) influence on decisions made by the management bodies of the microcredit company.
4. Individual conditions of the consumer loan agreement.
5. Schedule of payments under the consumer loan agreement.
6. General conditions of the consumer loan agreement.
7. Information on the date of acceptance for consideration of the application of the Borrower (individual) for the provision of a consumer loan.

Price from 12500 r.

6.2. Documents of a microcredit company for issuing loans secured by real estate, developed on the basis of the Federal Law of July 16, 1998 N 102-FZ "On Mortgage (Pledge of Real Estate)" and the Basic Standard for Microfinance Organization Operations in the Financial Market, approved. Bank of Russia dated April 27, 2018 No. KFNP-12:

• Real estate pledge agreement.
• Real estate loan agreement.
• Information about the conditions for granting, using and returning a consumer loan.

Price from 14500 r.

6.3. Documents of a microcredit company for providing loans secured by vehicles (cars and special equipment):

1. General conditions of the loan agreement.
2. Information about the conditions for granting, using and repaying a loan.
3. Individual conditions of a consumer loan agreement secured by a vehicle.
4. The act of acceptance and transfer of the vehicle.
5. Vehicle return.

Price from 12500 r.

Preparation of documents in accordance with the basic standards for microfinance organizations.

7.1. A practical guide on the basic standard for protecting the rights and interests of individuals and legal entities - recipients of financial services provided by members of self-regulatory organizations in the financial market, uniting microfinance organizations, approved by the Bank of Russia on June 22, 2017 (entered into force on July 1, 2017).

9500 r.

7.2. A practical guide to the basic risk management standard for a microcredit company, approved. Bank of the Russian Federation dated July 27, 2017 (entered into force on January 27, 2018).

The cost of the practical guide 28500 r.

Preparation of documents for the microcredit company to comply with the requirements of the Federal Law of July 27, 2006 No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data”, including the special registration of the microcredit company with the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Communications (register of personal data operators).

Preparation of a standard package of documents for HR records management of a microcredit company:

1. Internal labor regulations.
2. Staff schedule.
3. The order of acceptance to work.
4. Employment contract with a credit manager.
5. Credit manager job description.
6. Employment contract with the director.
7. Director's job description.
8. Employment contract with an accountant.
9. Job description of an accountant.
10. Regulations on the organization of the protection of confidential information constituting the company's commercial, banking and official secrets, together with an approval form for a list of persons with access to commercial secrets, and an order to introduce a commercial secret regime and approve the Regulations.

Service cost 5500 r.

At all the above stages, our specialists will provide you with the necessary legal assistance. Payment step by step.

For those who wish to transfer the management of document management under Federal Law No. 115-FZ to our specialists (outsourcing), we can offer subscription services. about tariffs of subscriber service.

MFI registration in 2018

Entry in the register of MFIs (IFC, MCC). Do I need a license to organize a microfinance organization? How to enter an MFI in the register of the Central Bank? Can an MFI not only issue loans, but also accept investments from citizens and entrepreneurs? Do MFIs need to join the SRO? Which SROs are legitimate? These questions are answered by expert Olga Mikheenko (Audit Prof company).

How to open an MFI

First you need to register a company. I will not describe this procedure, you can do it yourself, but you need to take into account all the special requirements for the Charter of the MFI. including through Multifunctional centers, which are designed to make life easier for people when receiving public services. The only thing worth mentioning in this regard is that MFIs do not know how to apply the "simplification" system. This prohibition is spelled out in the Federal Law of November 2, 2013 No. 301-FZ “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”, according to which clause 3 of Art. 346.12 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, containing a list of organizations that do not have the right to apply the simplified taxation system, was supplemented by microfinance organizations.

After the company is registered, loans cannot be issued yet. You need to get the status of an MFI. By law, a license for microfinance activities is not required. But this does not mean that MFIs can operate without supervision. The regulator is the Central Bank, it is in the Central Bank that the MFI is obliged to obtain a number in the unified register. Only after the company is entered in the register, it acquires the status of an MFI.

How to register an MFI with the Central Bank (get a number in the register of microfinance organizations)

Basically, you can do it yourself. The following documents are required to register an MFI:

A copy of the certificate of state registration (OGRN)

Copy of constituent documents

Decisions on the election (appointment) of officials and management bodies of a legal entity, containing:

Information from the founders of the legal entity

Information about the legal address

Applications for entering information about a legal entity in the state register of microfinance organizations

Copies of the decision to establish a legal entity

You can outsource this work to a third party. Audit Prof specializes in registration and maintenance of MFIs, so we can do it all for you. In the future, registration of MFIs is planned to be transferred to the SRO level. That is, before obtaining a number in the register, the SRO will analyze the package of documents. This is reported by representatives of the Central Bank at specialized conferences. But for now it's in the plans.

How to come up with the name of an MFI and check it for originality

The name of the MFI should not be identical so as not to mislead consumers. Therefore, before submitting documents for registration with the Central Bank, you need to check the name. The rules are as follows - who first introduced the name, he retains it. You can check the name on the website of the Central Bank.

The title cannot be reserved. One of the reasons for refusal to register an MFI may be the name already in the register.

Our company specializes in supporting the business of MFIs, it is impossible to guarantee the receipt of a number in the register of 100%, because during the preparation of documents, someone may already take the name indicated in the documents.

As a piece of advice, it is better to abandon the phrases "quick money", this is the most common option, the companies specializing in creating and promoting brands will help come up with the original name.

What requirements does the Central Bank impose on MFIs?

IFC in the process of obtaining the status of IFC confirm to the regulator the presence of equity capital in the amount of at least 70 million rubles. MFCs can accept loans from individuals and carry out remote identification of clients, which allows them to develop their business online. They can issue 1,000,000 rubles per person as loans to individuals, and 3,000,000 rubles to entrepreneurs. All other companies are automatically included in the MCC, such companies will have to include the phrase “microcredit organization” in the name, they do not need to confirm their own capital, and they also do not need to be assessed by the Central Bank for the status of an MCC. They will be able to issue individuals up to 500,000 rubles per borrower, 3,000,000 rubles per entrepreneur. It is impossible to accept funds from individuals, from legal entities, including from the founders of the company.

It must be remembered that the law establishes the minimum amount of loans from individuals - 1.5 million rubles. Investments in the IFC are not insured by the state, therefore they are considered risky for unqualified investors, in other words, for ordinary citizens who do not understand the intricacies of investing in various instruments. The amount of investments has not changed, IFCs can attract citizens' savings in the amount of 1.5 million, as in previous years, before the introduction of legislative innovations.

MFIs must submit quarterly reports to the mega-regulator. This is done on the website of the Central Bank through a personal account. Audit Prof assists in the preparation and submission of reports. Contact us!

It is required to submit reports to Rosfinmonitoring, MFIs are required to develop and implement measures to prevent the legalization of proceeds from crime and the financing of terrorism. That is, it will be necessary to identify persons who are in service, carrying out transactions with funds, and disclose the list of affiliated persons. Including, but not limited to.

In addition, it is necessary develop and apply in practice the rules for granting microloans. The rules must be available on the Internet. Either on the MFI website or on a third-party resource. And also in the places of issuance of loans.

Like banks, MFIs are required to submit information about borrowers and their loans to the Credit Bureau. In relations with borrowers, MFIs, like banks, must comply with the law on consumer credit (loan), which regulates the form of the contract, limits penalties and penalties, and so on.

MFI rates cannot set arbitrarily. There are certain limits - the Central Bank announces the average value of TIC called for different categories and types of loans. When forming the average TIC, market realities are taken into account. An MFI may not deviate more than one third from the average total cost of a loan. You need to remember about the law on advertising. Fines are currently proposed by lawmakers to be increased to 1 million. In general, we can say that if it seems to someone that the business of issuing microloans is not particularly troublesome and has no framework, then these people are mistaken. If you conduct business legally, observing all norms and laws, then there will be enough work. And playing "in the dark" without registering MFIs currently means grossly violating the law. Black creditors are promised to be dealt with at the level of the Security Council. Their activities are suppressed by the police, the Prosecutor's Office, the public organization "People's Front", self-regulatory organizations, the Ombudsman, the Central Bank. Channels for the exchange of information about illegal market migrants are being created. It can be said with certainty that the task of ridding the market of black offices that appear to be MFIs and at the same time do not have a registry number is task No. 1 for the microfinance market.

Re-registration of MFOs - in connection with the division of the market into MFCs and MCCs, it will be necessary to change the name of the company, including the phrase "microcredit company"

MFIs can do this on their own, or they can entrust it to specialists. Necessary:

1. Prepare documents for registration of changes in the name of a microfinance organization for the Federal Tax Service.

2. Notify the Central Bank of Russia about the change in the name of the MFO

After adding the words “microfinance company” to the name of the MFI, the Central Bank must be notified of these changes.

The deadline for notifying the Central Bank of a change in the name of an LLC is 30 days from the date of registration of the changes with the Federal Tax Service of Russia.

In addition, it will be necessary to amend the Charter of the MFI, this should not be forgotten either. And inform partners about the name change.

Recorded by Julia Siebert

LLC "Audit Prof"

How to open a microloan company and earn huge money at crazy interest rates? Most people think that it is very easy to do this, but this is an erroneous idea that has nothing to do with reality. Starting your own microloan business from scratch is a very expensive and dubious “pleasure”.

How to open a microloan business? What is the money being made here? Where to begin? What do you need to open? Where and how to register? Or maybe it is better to open a franchise business? Answers to the most popular questions of readers in this article.

Business - microloans up to the salary of the population

The essence of this business model is to lend own or borrowed funds at interest. The principal income consists of the interest for the use of borrowed funds, which is charged on the principal amount of the debt and is paid by the borrower on the maturity date.

It is most advantageous to issue short-term payday loans. For them, the average interest rate is 2% per day, and for long-term microloans - 0.5-1% per day. By issuing a microloan for a short period, the money can be quickly returned and used to issue a new loan to another client. Thus, increasing the yield compared to the provision of long-term loans.

If we imagine that the average MFI in a small town issues 15 microloans per day in the amount of 5,000 rubles for 10 days, then the net income of the organization per day will be 1,500 rubles, for 10 days - 15,000 rubles, for 30 days - 45,000 rubles. And these are the most modest estimates. In fact, even in small towns, potential borrowers regularly turn to MFIs in order to get payday loans.

How to open microloans? What do you need to open?

To open a microcredit organization from scratch, an impressive investment will be required, and the procedure for registering an MFI will take about 1-2 months. If you calculate the most budgetary option for an offline MFI in a small town on the periphery, then an approximate estimate will look like this:

• Registration, state fees, specialist assistance (about 10 thousand rubles)
• Office rent, minor cosmetic repairs - about 25-35 thousand rubles, subsequent rent of premises with a monthly payment. A cheaper option is to place a sales counter in a large shopping center.
• The purchase of equipment (tables, chairs, PCs and accessories, printer, scanner, etc.) is about 50 thousand rubles, if you save money and take everything in good condition.
• Recruitment/Salary. In order to reduce the cost of the enterprise as much as possible, you can get by with some consultant managers who will play the role of a cashier, security guard, security guard, and cleaner. Most often this is the case in local local MFIs. The salary in a small peripheral town will be about 12-20 thousand rubles. for everyone.
• Accounting costs. You can save money here by hiring a part-time accountant and giving papers to fill out immediately before sending reports to higher authorized bodies, tax authorities, the Central Bank, etc. Such a one-time work of an accountant will cost about 4-8 thousand monthly.
• Everyday expenses. In addition to the main costs, the business owner is waiting for small, but very important monthly payments. This is the payment of bills for the Internet and telephone communications (cellular and landline). This will take an average of 1000-1500 rubles per month. Buying office supplies, refilling printer cartridges, etc. Depending on the conditions of the lease of the premises, there may be costs for electricity and water. Do not forget about the services of a printing house (business cards, various letterheads, etc.). In general, another 3-5 thousand rubles will be spent on monthly needs.
• A very important factor is the verification of the borrower. Depending on the budget, the owner can use different verification methods:

1. Scoring is the most expensive option. You need to buy a licensed program and pay a lot of money for it.
2. Requests to BKI and calls to contact persons. You can connect batch (wholesale) requests, or single ones. In the first case, the cost of the request varies from 150-200 rubles. and higher. In the second, the minimum is 250-300 rubles.
3. Free inquiry to the FSSP database and calls to contact persons. A free and most dangerous verification method for MFIs, which increases the percentage of loans issued to fraudsters and large debtors.

As a result, it turns out that the opening of the most budgetary microfinance organization in a small town on the periphery will cost the owner 125-135 thousand rubles. The amount is small, but it is formed without taking into account the creation and support of the site, without advertising, hotline operators, a scoring system for checking a client or paid requests to the CBI, security service, cashier, etc. With these components, the creation of an MFI would cost at least 3-4 times more than the minimum estimate.

Where and how to register?

The process of registration and obtaining the status of an MCC (microcredit organization) is a painstaking and lengthy task that requires money, time and effort. First of all, the owner of the future business needs to draw up all the regulatory documents (charters, rules for granting, general terms of service, etc.) Documents must be developed in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation and special federal laws (No. 151, 152, 230, 115, etc.)

Then you need to decide on the legal form: LLC, JSC, etc. and register a legal entity with the tax office by paying a state duty (4,000 rubles). The list of required documents can be clarified at any branch of the Federal Tax Service. The registration procedure is standard, it takes 5 days, after which you can go for a certificate and other documents.

Next, you need to order a print and open a bank account. To do this, you need to choose a suitable credit institution, familiarize yourself with the list of all necessary documents for opening a current account by legal entities. In about 2-5 days, the account will be opened.

After that, you need to send a state duty to the Central Bank of the Russian Federation in the amount of 1000 rubles from this organization’s current account. The state duty is paid for entering information about the legal entity in the state register of microcredit organizations. In the purpose of payment, you need to write exactly that.

When the state duty is paid, you need to send a package of documents along with a receipt for payment of the fee to the Central Bank in order to obtain the status of an MCC and be included in the list of financial market participants (register of MFIs). Within a 14-day period, the Financial Markets Service of the Central Bank must make a decision on entering the organization into the register or on refusal.
As soon as information about the organization is added to the registry, it will be able to provide microloans in cash at offices and points of sale.

Microloan franchises: which are there, which one to choose?

If your own strength is not enough to create an MFI from scratch, and the idea of ​​​​earning your first million precisely by providing microloans does not leave you, then it is better to turn your attention to microloan franchises.

An alternative option for opening a point of microloans would be a franchise of a microfinance organization. This is a great option for beginner businessmen with a lack of experience and a great desire to do this particular business.

A microloan franchise is the right to use the intellectual property (brand, logo, details, documents, conditions, etc.) of a large microfinance organization as a “little brother”. A start-up entrepreneur pays money to the owner of a large MFI for the right to open a microloan center that will operate under the brand name of the "parent" organization. At the same time, the deal provides that the franchisee will comply with the charter and all regulatory documents of the franchisor.

Among the microfinance organizations that offer a franchise are: Money for You, Money to Payday, Momento Money, Miladenezhka, FastFinance, Convenient Money, Master Money, Migom Money and others.

Based on the franchise conditions and customer reviews, the FastMoney and Moneyman MFI franchises get very decent ratings. Money before payday and Momento Money were in the anti-TOP.

5 reasons to franchise

If you do not have enough experience and money, you do not know how to open a microloan business from scratch, then it is better to use a franchise. And that's why:

1. Opening your own MFI has become very difficult and costly, and maintaining it is even more difficult (document flow, reporting, Central Bank audits, etc.)
2. The assessment of the borrower will be carried out by the head office of the organization. No need to spend extra money on requests to BKI, calls to contacts, etc. It is possible that the franchisor has its own software or scoring program that additional franchised offices can use.
3. The parent organization undertakes accounting and legal services. The franchisee saves on an accountant, security service, lawyer, etc.
4. Recognizable and promoted brand, assistance in advertising. The owner of a new business needs to promote everything from scratch, here you can use everything ready (layouts, training videos, a call center with free customer support, instructions for promoting on the Internet, via SMS, a guide on how to open a microloan center, etc. )
5. Not a single collection organization, after the law “On Collectors” (FZ-No. 230) comes into force, will work with small MFIs that issue loans in only one settlement on the periphery. If you work with the franchisor, then access to the KA with which the "big brother" cooperates will be opened.