The purpose of this project is the production of environmentally friendly beekeeping products based on breeding bee colonies. Entrepreneurial activity is aimed at meeting the consumer demand of the population.

Primary occupation:

• breeding bee colonies;
• obtaining bee products.

The total cost of the project is 60,000 rubles.

Net profit for 1 year - 21,290 rubles, for 2 years - 203,999 rubles.

Profitability of sales of the first year - 37%.

Profitability of sales of the second year - 53%.

Payback period of the project: 2.8 years.

2. Description of the business, product or service

Beekeeping is one of the oldest human occupations. The researchers found that in Russia they were engaged in it as early as the 11th century. In the beginning, people used honey only for food, then for treatment. Later, wax was also used. Both products are currently the most important raw materials for the food, pharmaceutical and radio-electronic industries. After the medicinal properties of insect venom were discovered and a way to obtain it in its pure form was found, people began to show even more interest in bees.

An apiary is a production unit of a bee farm or a beekeeping farm, an apiary area where beehives with bee families, apiary buildings and beekeeping facilities are located. Of great importance are good access roads, the availability of drinking springs, as well as the microclimate characteristic of the natural habitat of bees. The apiary is located near the arrays of honey plants, on a dry, level place with a slight slope for the flow of melt and rainwater, well protected from winds and sun by trees and shrubs. You can not place an apiary near large rivers and lakes, especially if there are arrays of honey plants on the opposite side of the river or lake. The apiary should not be located near roads, cattle yards, public places, enterprises that process sugary substances, as well as on flights (in places where bees fly over other apiaries on their way to honey plants). It is very important to place apiaries within a radius of reliable spatial isolation (5-7 km). This will enable the beekeeper (in the event that there are no contagious diseases in the apiaries) to use common feeders.

Hives in the apiary are placed at the rate of 20-40 m2 per bee colony; arrange them in rows in a checkerboard pattern - at a distance of 6 m from one another and at least 4 m between the rows, or in groups of 3-5 hives, or in pairs, but with tapholes in different directions. They install hives on stands or pegs with a slight slope forward so that rainwater does not flow into the entrances. In apiaries of the backyard type, the hives are placed more compactly. Thus, up to 15 bee families can be located in the pavilion at the same time on a plot of 3 × 5 m.

It has been established that it takes 834 minutes to serve one bee colony for one year. It takes 5-6 hours to serve 10 bee families for one week in the spring-summer period. The practice of beekeepers shows that high honey yields can be achieved if strong bee colonies are maintained. A strong family more easily endures adverse weather conditions, wintering, and is more resistant to diseases. A strong family raises offspring that are better in quality, more hardy. Since large groups of bees in a strong colony are in different physiological states, it reacts more subtly to changes in the external environment and uses bribes better. And, as a result, it collects more honey and releases more wax, pollinates agricultural crops better.

Strong colonies are the result of the beekeeper's year-round work. It is possible to have full-fledged bee colonies in the spring only if you help them get out of wintering without losses, vital (for this, first of all, you need to properly prepare the bees for living in winter conditions and organize their wintering). In the spring-summer period, it is necessary to create all the conditions for them to grow strong, full-fledged, well-developed offspring, regularly throughout the season to provide them with a stable and plentiful bribe, and maintain a working condition in families.

A huge shortage of honey is obtained in apiaries due to the fact that the roaming of apiaries is little used for honey plants. The value of this event has long been known, its application gives a huge effect. In order to get a lot of honey and wax from bee families, it is necessary, among other things, to provide the bees with an appropriate pasture, which would enable them to collect enough nectar. If there is no good pasture, then no matter how experienced the beekeeper is and no matter how strong the bee families are, the bees will not bring much nectar into the hive - they will have nowhere to take it. Beekeepers should make plans in advance for bee migrations to pollinate crops and use honey lands. Thoroughly prepare for the migration with bees, starting from early spring, will help the flowering calendar of honey plants on those lands where it is planned to transport bees to collect nectar. All this, in turn, will help to accurately determine the most appropriate time for swarming and growing bees in order to use them as productively as possible on the main flow. Apiary roaming for honey plants can be organized by every beekeeper, and the benefits of apiary roaming are very great: a roaming apiary always gives more honey than apiaries that stay at one point all season long.

The activity is divided into the following stages:

• equip an apiary for 8 bee colonies;
• for the season 8 bee colonies will give 280 kilograms of products in the form of honey;
• it is also planned to receive related products - propolis, wax, pollen.
• bring the apiary for the 2nd season to 53 bee colonies.

With a successful honey plant, it is planned to receive an average of 35 kg of honey per season from each bee colony. In the 1st year of the activity, it is planned to sell honey from 8 bee colonies with a total weight of 280 kg. The average price for 1 kg of honey produced by me is 200 rubles.

Product Description

Bee honey is a food product, which is a nectar partially digested in the goiter of a honey bee. Honey contains 13-20% water, 75-80% carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose), vitamins B1, B2, B6, E, K, C, provitamin A-carotene, folic acid. The special taste and aroma of honey, along with its usefulness, makes many people prefer honey to all other sweeteners.

Commercial types of honey

By commercial appearance, honey is divided into centrifugal and honeycomb. Centrifugal honey is obtained by pumping it out of honeycomb cells using a honey extractor.

Comb honey - honey not extracted from wax combs, sold in frames or small rectangular cutouts. Inside the honeycomb, honey can be both liquid and shrunken. Trade in comb honey in our country has a smaller turnover, this is due to:

• higher price of such honey per kilogram;
• inconvenience of transportation;
• loss of a valuable product - wax;
• the difficulty of obtaining marketable comb honey.

High-quality comb honey should have a solid seal (all cells are sealed with wax caps completely). White or light yellow should be not only a seal of honey, but also the actual honeycomb.

Types of honey by consistency

The consistency of centrifugal honey can be liquid or crystallized ("shrunken"). Liquid honey is the normal state of fresh honey after being pumped out of the combs (usually honey from the current beekeeping season). Liquid honey has different degrees of density (viscosity). The viscosity of honey depends on whether it contains more or less water and partly on the temperature of the surrounding air. Liquid honey can also be obtained by heating crystallized honey, while some of the beneficial properties of honey may be lost. Too liquid honey may indicate insufficient aging in honeycombs, it is called "immature".

Crystallized ("shrunken") honey is formed naturally from liquid honey with temperature fluctuations. Settled honey does not lose its properties as a result of crystallization. In shrunken honey, depending on the size of the crystals, coarse-grained, fine-grained and fat-like cages are distinguished. In coarse-grained honey, aggregates of sugar crystals are more than 0.5 mm in diameter, in fine-grained honey - less than 0.5 mm, but are still visible to the naked eye.

Types of honey by color, transparency, taste and smell

By color, honey is divided into light and dark with numerous transitional shades from white to reddish brown. The color of honey depends on the plants from whose nectar honey is obtained: relatively light honey is obtained from the inflorescences of linden, sunflower, acacia, etc., relatively dark - from buckwheat, milkweed, etc.

The transparency of liquid honey depends, first of all, on the amount of pollen that got into the honey during pumping. Honey can also become cloudy as a result of the process of its crystallization that has begun. Honey collected by bees from one particular plant usually has its own characteristic taste and aroma. To obtain a popular color and aroma, different types of honey can be mixed during pre-sale preparation.

Beeswax is a product of the vital activity of bees, a complex organic compound. Beeswax is secreted by special glands of honey bees, from which bees build honeycombs. It is a white to yellow-brown solid with a characteristic honey smell. At a temperature of 35 °C, it becomes plastic. The composition of the wax includes about 50 different chemical compounds, among them esters (up to 75%), saturated hydrocarbons (11-17%), free fatty acids (13-15%), water - up to 2.5%. Beeswax has strong bactericidal properties. It is used for the production of pharmaceuticals, in the treatment of wounds, burns, ulcers, inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes.

Propolis - bee glue, bond - a dark resinous substance produced by bees to cover cracks and isolate foreign objects in the hive. Propolis is not just a resin of plants that is collected by bees, insects modify with their enzymes the sticky substances collected from the spring buds of trees (poplar, alder, birch, etc.). Beekeepers collect propolis with special gratings, or simply scrape it off frames and walls. 50–150 g of propolis are harvested from each hive in a season. Some beekeepers melt the collected propolis in a water bath, separating it from mechanical impurities; while it almost completely retains its properties. Propolis contains more than 50 organic components and mineral elements (potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, chlorine, aluminum, vanadium, iron, manganese, zinc, copper, silicon, strontium, selenium, zirconium, mercury, fluorine, antimony, cobalt, etc., in increased quantities - zinc and manganese), about 10 vital vitamins, including B1, B2, B6, Vitamin A, E, nicotinic, pantothenic acids, etc., 17 amino acids (asparagine, glutamine, tryptophan , phenylalanine, leucine, cystine, methionine, valine, glycocol, histidine, arginine, proline, tyrosine, threonine, alanine, lilysine).

3. Sales and marketing

4. Production plan

The total cost of the project is 60,000 rubles, of which:

• subsidy (financial assistance) for the implementation of a business project provided by the employment center - 58,000 rubles;
• own funds - 2000 rubles.

With funds received from the Employment Center, the necessary equipment, materials are purchased and 8 beehives are made.

For the production of bee honey, it is planned to purchase:

Necessary equipment, materials

No. p / p	Name	Qty	Price for 1 unit in rubles	Amount in rubles
	honey extractor
	Boards for the manufacture of beehives and frames
	bee colony
	Chisel
	Wire	4 coils
	pollen trap
	feeders
	Overalls
	honey filter
	Dividing grid
	bee brush
	Combined ice rink
	Fork for printing honey frames
	barricade
	Propolis collection
	uterus cell
	Total

In the second year, it is planned to increase the number of bee colonies to 53.

Reproduction scheme for an apiary of 3-10 bee colonies

	Number of families	Division of families pcs.	Main	Result

The table serves as a guide for bee breeding activities, determines the average indicators for a normal average apiary. The block diagram of the accelerated reproduction of bee colonies gives a more accurate visual representation of this method.

Structural scheme of accelerated reproduction of bee colonies

Accelerated reproduction is based on the principle of division of bee colonies and participation in reproduction of an increasing number of queens. Young queens lay eggs for quite a long time. To prolong the laying period and entrain the brood area of ​​the nest, it is necessary to keep the colonies compressed, 8-9 mm. According to the structural diagram, it is clear that the beekeeper has the opportunity to make the third division - the creation of additional, new young families. For this, prefabricated layers of 3-4 families with fetal queens are created. From each young family, one frame with printed brood is selected, a young queen is planted. These families in the second half of August will have to substitute honey fodder frames at the expense of the main families, on average 3-4 frames and give additional feeding - 7-8 liters of syrup for each. As a rule, young queens overwinter very well.

5. Organizational structure

Entrepreneurial activity is registered with the tax authorities as an individual entrepreneur. The cost of registration for obtaining a certificate of state registration as an individual entrepreneur is 800 rubles.

Personnel: At the beginning of the activity, it is planned to manage with a small number of personnel. The entrepreneur can take over the main work. During the removal of the apiary for roaming, it is planned to hire an additional 4 workers. Attracting hired workers in the amount of 2 people is planned for the time of the roaming of the apiary.

6. Financial plan

Job specifics: Beekeeping is seasonal. The beekeeping season runs from April to October. From mid-June to August inclusive, the honey collection season continues.

Income plan

	Total	1 year				Total	2 year
Honey (kg)
Price, rub.)
Revenue (rub.)
Wax (kg)
Price, rub.)
Revenue (rub.)
Propolis (kg.)
Price, rub.)
Revenue (rub.)
Flower pollen (kg)
Price, rub.)
Revenue (rub.)
Total

The object of taxation is income reduced by the amount of expenses (Article 346.4 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), the tax rate is 15%. From the moment of registration, it is necessary to pay contributions to the PFR for pension insurance and to the FFOMS for medical insurance - 23,153.33 rubles. Of this amount, a part must be transferred to the PFR - 19,356.48 rubles, and the rest to the FFOMS - 3,796.85 rubles.

Spending plan

	Total	1 year				Total	2 year
Stern
Medications
Wage
Insurance premiums
Fare
Manufacturing hive frames

The initial investment of funds is 518,000 rubles. According to the beekeeping (apiary) business plan presented here, the net profit is within 58.6 percent per annum.

Honey is a product that has long been considered the most useful and in demand among the population of our country, but the Russian market only satisfies this need for only half, the second half is foreign supplies from a Chinese manufacturer. Therefore, the organization of a private business in the beekeeping business will be a promising solution. We propose to analyze the business plan of the apiary, deal with the costs, risks, expected profits and sales of products.

Description and objectives of the project

Honey is a product that is known to mankind as a useful delicacy with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, containing a lot of minerals and enzymes. It restores strength and tones the body.

The goal of the project is to open a private apiary.

Description of the market

The Russian market represents about 300,000 tons of honey per year, but Russian production allows you to get only 150,000 tons. This is due to the lack of qualified personnel, since not a single university in our country trains beekeepers. Chinese honey has always been questioned due to the widespread use of genetically modified crops. Poor quality of foreign (Chinese) honey led to limited supplies to the US (the main buyer).

Honey is used not only for domestic consumption. A large amount of it is used in the production of food products, confectionery, as a sugar substitute. Therefore, products that include honey in their composition are considered to be of higher quality and useful for the consumer.

Today, private apiaries have become the main suppliers of the product on the Russian market.

Organizational stage

The first step is the purchase of ready-made hives. The average cost of one will be about 3000 rubles. In addition, you will need to purchase a full-fledged bee family, the cost of which will be 2000 rubles. In addition to honey, bees are able to produce mead, pollen, propolis. During the season (May-August) up to 7 tons of honey is collected from the apiary.

So, the main components of the apiary are bee colonies and bee hives. Additional funds will also be required in the work - this is inventory, overalls, a beekeeper. Additional costs will be approximately 18,000 rubles.

Staff

The bee lands are usually organized by amateur beekeepers, in whom the beekeeping business is passed from father to son. But the involvement of employees from outside will also be necessary. Production will require a freelance accountant with a salary of 6,000 rubles and 2 beekeepers with a salary of 30,000 rubles. To find experienced beekeepers, you can contact the Society of Beekeepers. A good salary is an excellent means to attract an experienced beekeeper to work, but it will be correct to offer not hiring, but rather business cooperation. This type of beekeeping has a number of advantages. The partner will not only provide you with qualified services, but will also help in the organization of breeding bee colonies, the amount of honey from which will increase by 25-30%.

Honey pricing

Since 1 kg of honey on the market is estimated at 150 rubles, respectively, the annual profit of a private apiary for beekeeping will be 1 million 50 thousand rubles. One-time costs will amount to 518,000 rubles, of which: 300,000 rubles will go to purchase hives; for inventory - 18,000 rubles; purchase of bee colonies - 200,000 rubles.

For beekeeping and the sale of honey, not only private consumers should be considered. It is worth trying to conclude contracts with confectionery factories and pharmacies.

This apiary and beekeeping business plan is designed for an annual increase in bee colonies and the number of hives. Therefore, for the sale of products will need a constant search for customers. This business can be handled by an agent, but in order to entrust him with this, you will need to set your own fixed prices.

Financial indicators

Beekeeping is a seasonal business, so the project calculation reflects the average profit. In the autumn-winter period, care for the hives is minimal, but according to financial parameters, 3,000 rubles are laid for the services of a beekeeper who monitors the condition of bee colonies.

Month	Income	Consumption	Profit	Increasing profit
1	0	518 000	-518 000	-518 000
2	0	3000	-3000	-521 000
3	0	3000	-3000	-524 000
4	0	3000	-3000	-527 000
5	262 500	36 000	262 500	-300 500
6	262 500	36 000	262 500	-74 000
7	262 500	36 000	262 500	152 500
8	262 500	36 000	262 500	379 000
9	0	3000	-3000	376 000
10	0	3000	-3000	373 000
11	0	3000	-3000	370 000
12	0	3000	-3000	367 000
Total:	304 000 rub. (excluding taxes)

The amount of tax deductions will be 6% of the total income or 63,000 rubles.

Risks

The main problem in the beekeeping industry is bad weather conditions. Droughts or rains can adversely affect the collection of honey. The nomadic method of moving hives moving to the most favorable area helps to minimize this risk. This method will increase the volume of production up to 40 kg of honey from each hive. But there will be transportation costs and the cost of renting a truck to transport "bee houses". The nomadic method is popular among Russian beekeepers, as it allows you to increase the volume of beekeeping products and the opportunity to cooperate with other entrepreneurs for a joint parking lot.

The rent for the placement of hives from beekeepers is often not taken.

Bees provide pollination of crops, so farmers are extremely interested in beekeeping. In the West, for example, farmers pay beekeepers up to 20% of their total income for bees pollinating their crops. Having received permission from the local forestry, it is possible to place bee hives in the forest. Forestry also willingly cooperates with private beekeepers.

We hope that a ready-made example of a beekeeping business plan will help you open your apiary.

"Beekeeping"

Explanatory note

This program was compiled on the basis of a trial version of the Program for grades 10-11 of general educational institutions of the Republic of Bashkortostan, recommended by the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

Among many branches of agricultural production, beekeeping occupies a special place. The products of this industry - honey, wax, propolis, flower pollen, bee venom, royal jelly - are in great demand among the population and are widely used in medical, food and a number of other industries. Under the conditions of intensification of agricultural production, honey bees are valuable, promising and reliable pollinators of the most important entomophilous agricultural crops. In solving the problems of increasing the production of food, raw materials for industry, a large role is given to beekeepers of public apiaries of farms, farm (peasant) farms and other agricultural enterprises, as well as individual apiary owners.

In home gardens, the maintenance of bee colonies is not limited. Income and profit from beekeeping products received by the owners of bees of any form of ownership are not taxed. In July 1995, in order to provide state support for the industry, the State Assembly adopted the Law "On beekeeping" of the Republic of Bashkortostan.

The Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of Bashkortostan recommends introducing beekeeping into general education institutions as a compulsory subject or an elective. The term of study is two years. The theoretical knowledge and practical skills gained will help students to take care of bees on their own.

The honey bee is one of the most amazing and beneficial insects on Earth. Already in the middle of the Stone Age (10-5 thousand years BC), primitive people were fluent in the methods of hunting honey bees.

Wrestling was especially widespread in ancient Russia. The chronicler Nestor wrote that honey and wax served not only to meet the needs of the population, but were also among the main products of trade with other countries. Trade contributed to the spread of knowledge, the development of relations with distant states and the flow of foreign goods and technologies to the domestic market of ancient Russia. Foreign travelers noted with amazement the abundance of honey and bees among the population of the Russian land. So, according to some calculations, in the 16th century Russia produced up to 1 million tons of honey per year and there were several hundred million bee colonies.

Bortniks made up a whole estate and were free people even under serfdom. Wrestling has traditionally been considered a male occupation. This was due to the difficulties of extracting honey, the danger to which a person was exposed in a dense forest. Gradually, from forestry, beekeeping became a home occupation. People learned about the life of bees in the nest, their relationships in the family, improved hives, put into practice more advanced methods of caring for bees. Amateur beekeeping has received a new development.

Beekeeping is a hobby for people of all ages, beliefs, tastes and professions, who are united by an unbounded love for nature and honey bees.

This program is designed to motivate teenage children to study the natural sciences associated with beekeeping in order to fully comprehend the secrets of the hive.

Classes under this program will introduce children to the history of beekeeping, increase their intellectual level and creativity.

Caring for bees is an active holiday. It will help improve the health of children and teachers, help strengthen the body, increase efficiency.

Apiaries are often called home sanatoriums. The clean transparent air of the apiary, densely infused with the smells of herbs, fragrant fresh honey, the aroma of pollen, propolis esters, will restore and add strength, improve the health of children and adults working in the apiary, and relieve fatigue.

The objectives of the program include not only satisfying the natural interest of children in nature, but also contributing to the development of a conscious and careful attitude of children to all living things, teaching correct behavior in the natural environment, and developing the need to communicate with nature.

In the classroom, much attention will be paid to the study of the history of beekeeping, beekeeping products, the protection of bees - as one of the most important links in the protection of all nature.

The program will help to expand the knowledge of children and adolescents about the living conditions of bees in natural conditions, about the plants necessary for growing in the apiary. The children will acquire skills in caring for bees, in observing their life.

Education under this program is based on the previously acquired knowledge of botany and zoology by students and is carried out on the basis of further study of these courses, as well as traditional medicine, painting, which will help children see the beauty in the world around them, acquire labor and creative skills.

Course Objectives:

To help the student navigate in the choice of a profile (in particular, a natural one); in the world of modern professions related to biological knowledge;

Give students the opportunity to express themselves and succeed

Form environmental and environmental thinking and prepare

students to practical activities.

Learn to interact with the environment.

Tasks:

To form in students a deep and sustainable interest in beekeeping.

To instill in children the necessary practical skills and abilities for

To develop the creative abilities and capabilities of children and adolescents.

To teach students to see the meaning of the acquired knowledge and skills and

possibility of their application in further independent life.

To become a beekeeper, you need to know the life of bees well. Theoretical knowledge alone is far from enough. It is necessary to be able to work in the apiary. This course also includes practical exercises.

This course is for 9th grade students. It is advisable to conduct it at the beginning of the school year for 2 hours a week.

In working with this course content, the following activities are possible:

Oral and abstract reports of students on the historiography of the issue;

Creation of apiary projects in certain territories;

Students can independently choose the type of reporting on work from the proposed list. To take into account the dynamics of interest in the course, students are offered a questionnaire at the introductory lesson. In the process of studying the course, the results of practical work are evaluated. At the end of the training, the student receives a credit, subject to the completion of one type of compulsory work submitted on time.

The final lesson is the final conference, which involves the defense (presentation) of the students' reports.

During the course, students acquire the following knowledge:

On the biological features of honey bees and honey plants;

On the main directions of application of beekeeping products;

On the general requirements for the placement of an apiary;

On the history of the development of beekeeping;

About perspective professions of the beekeeper and zooengineer.

Based on the above knowledge, specific skills are formed:

Draw up an apiary project taking into account the requirements;

Know the biological characteristics of honey bees and honey plants.

Know how to use bee products.

This course contributes to the development of students' communication skills, the ability to discuss results, participate in discussions, draw conclusions, and work for the audience.

Educational and thematic plan "Beekeeping"

for 9th grade students

p/p

Topics

Total

theoretical classes

practice in the apiary

Choosing a place for apiary and placing hives.

The composition of the bee family

The strength and productivity of bee colonies.

Nest of a bee family.

Hive and beekeeping equipment

Feeding and feeding bees

Reproduction of bee colonies

Feed base for beekeeping.

Wintering bees

Diseases and pests of bees

Beekeeping products. Apitherapy.

Total:

35

Topic number 1: Choosing a place for an apiary and placing hives.

Work plan, rules of conduct, working hours, safety precautions. Conditions for keeping bees in a village, in a forest. The location of bee colonies at the point. Plan of the farmstead. Where and how to place an apiary, beehive. Natural honey collection conditions of the area. Amateur and farm beekeeping. Chess, group placement of beehives. Accommodation features. How to become a professional in order to get an economically justified profit from the apiary with a farmer - beekeeper.

Topic number 2: The composition of the bee colony.

The family of bees is like a single organism. The composition of the bee family: the uterus, worker bees, drones. Functions of individuals, external differences. Interdependence of family members.Microclimate in the nest of a bee colony. Growth and development of the bee colony. Rules of conduct in the process of communication with bees.

Topic number 3: The strength and productivity of bee colonies.

The strength of the family, the definition of the strength of families. Benefits of strong families. Ways to accelerate and enhance the growth of the family.

Topic number 4: The nest of the bee family.

Bee nest. Honeycombs, their location in the nest. Types of cells, device and purpose. Cell aging. Waxing of bees. Artificial wax. Nest microclimate.

Hive and beekeeping equipment

Topic #5: Types of hives. Content Features.

Hives. A Brief History of the Hive. Vertical and horizontal hives, their arrangement. Twelve-framed (Dadanovsky) hive. Multihull hive. Double hive. Beehive - sunbed. Control hive and observation hive. Nest and shop honeycomb frames, their sizes.Recommendations for the manufacture of beehives.

Topic number 6: Beekeeping equipment.

Bee care products. Smoker, beekeeping chisel, bee knives for opening honeycombs, honey extractor, swarm, feeders, beehive braces, dividing grid, electric winder, drinking bowl with water. Their device, principles of work.

Feeding and feeding bees

Topic number 7: The importance of feeding and the need for bee colonies in feed.

Bee theft. Causes of occurrence, measures to prevent and protect against the attack of alien bees. Replenishment of feed stocks. Influence of feed stocks on gross honey harvest. Protein nutrition.

Topic number 8: The composition of feed. Norm and technique of feeding.

Feed value. Honeydew honey. Incentive and protein supplement. Nectar and pollen. The elements that make them up. Processing of nectar into honey, pollen into bee bread. Need for water. The structure of the digestive organs. Proboscis.Familiarization with the process of bringing food into the hive from the feeder by bees.

Breeding and maintenance of bee colonies

Topic number 9. Tasks of inspection of bee colonies and inspection technique.

Nest disassembly. Determination of the state of the family. The bees are preparing reserves. The life of a bee colony after a long winter. First spring worries.

Topic number 10. Features of the behavior of bees of different breeds during the inspection.

Breeds of bees. Central Russian, gray, mountain Caucasian, Carpathian, Ukrainian, Italian, their characteristics and differences in appearance, peacefulness, egg production of queens, honey collection. Breed of bees bred in our area.

Topic number 11. Exhibition of bees from the winter hut.

Air temperature. Super early bee show. The order and time of the exhibition. Removal of winter deadness, replacement and cleaning of bottoms, reduction of nests and replenishment of food supplies in it. Cleaning of nests and disinfection of hives, insulation of nests.

Topic number 12. Cleaning flyby of bees and general spring inspection of the nest.

Features of the flight, determination of the state of families by flight. The nature of the flight. Determining the strength of the family, the availability of food, the state of the nest. Correction, warming and reduction of bee colonies. Correction of queenless families.

Topic number 13. Nest expansion and cell alignment. Strengthening families.

Approximate flights of young bees. Cell update. Ways to accelerate and enhance the growth of the family. Increasing the number of brood. The procedure for expanding the nest in hives of various designs.

Topic number 14. Fundamentals of breeding work in beekeeping.

Queen cells on a cut comb. "Window" in the cell for queen cells. The value of the uterus. Production of fetal and infertile queens.

Topic number 15. Conclusion of queen bees.

Grafting of larvae. Making wax bowls. Transfer of breeding one-day-old larvae to bowls. The host family of uterine larvae.Changing queens. Planting a young uterus in cells to replace the old one. Queen replanting technique.

Reproduction of bee colonies

Topic number 16. Swarming, collecting and planting swarms.

A swarm matures in the family. Drone brood. Swarm bowls and mother liquors. Their location in the nest. Accumulation of swarm bees.Swarming. The birth of a family. The search for new housing by scout bees. Graft swarm.How to catch a swarm. Relocation of swarm to swarm. Nest building for a young family. Planting a swarm in a hive.

Topic number 17. Anti-swarm methods in beekeeping.

To prevent secondary swarming. A hive with a swarm in place of the mother hive. Selection of extra bees, timely expansion of the nest, tightness, microclimate and ventilation in the nest.

Topic number 18. Formation of new families.

Ways to increase the number of families. Layers from the swarm family. Individual withdrawal. Collective waste. The main ways of organizing layering. Modern methods of artificial reproduction of bees.

Feed base for beekeeping.

Topic number 19. Factors affecting honey collection.

Early honey plants. Honey queen. Reliable honey plants of summer. Transportation of bees to sources of nectar. Honeycomb and honeycombs. The meaning of honeycombs. Supply of bees with stores (store tips) for honey.Types of honey plants in our area. Nomadic beekeeping. Selection of honey. Ways to create a cellular economy.

Topic number 20. The main honey lands and honey plants.

The main honey-bearing grounds and plants. The main honey plants of the forest zone. Spring honey plants: coltsfoot, hazel, willows. Influence of temperature, humidity and air and soil composition on nectar excretion. Flowering times.

Topic number 21. Honey collection and types of bribe.

Familiarization with the calendar of flowering honey plants. The study of the timing of flowering of the main honey plants growing in the area. Drawing up a calendar of flowering honey plants in your region.

Wintering bees

Topic number 22. Significance of successful wintering.

The bees are going to the winter club. Autumn cover. Building a nest for the winter.Providing emergency assistance to families in the winter. (exceptional cases). Winter calm. The results of a successful wintering.

Topic number 23. Preparation of bee colonies for wintering.

Feed intake in winter. Required supply of food. gas mode.Autumn preparation of bees for wintering. Time to clean the hives in the winter house. Microclimate in the winter hut. Types of winterers.

Topic number 24. Wintering indoors.

Winter hut, requirements for it. The size of the winter hut, its ventilation and arrangement. Temperature and humidity in the winter hut. Choosing a place to build it. The location of the hives in the shelter. Temperature, humidity and ventilation of the winter hut.

Topic number 25. Free winter.

Wintering of bees under the open sky. Protection of the hives from the winds. Hive ventilation. Preparing hives for wintering. Ways of wintering in the wild. Advantages and disadvantages.

Diseases and pests of bees

Topic number 26. General information about diseases of bees. Classification of diseases.

General information about diseases of bees. Classification of diseases. Causative agents of infectious and parasitic diseases. Ways of spread of infectious diseases.

Topic number 27. infectious diseases.

infectious diseases. American rot. European bastard. Causes of occurrence, distribution, pathogen, signs and measures of control, treatment.

Topic number 28. Invasive diseases. Varroatosis and nosematosis.

Invasive diseases. Varroatosis and nosematosis. Causes of occurrence and distribution. Pathogen, signs, prevention and treatment measures.

Topic number 29. Bee pests. Control measures.

Topic number 30. Beekeeping products. Apitherapy.

Honey. Nutritional and taste qualities of honey. Its bactericidal properties. The use of honey as a medical and dietary product. Other bee products used in the national economy.Waste products of bees. Their use by humans for medicinal purposes.

Workshops

Topic number 31. Excursion to the apiary.

Target : general knowledge of honey bees.

Placement of hives and their color. Buildings in the apiary. Ground landmarks. Observation of the work of bees, flight, behavior of the entrances of the hive.How to deal with bees. Bees are peaceful insects. Stinging is a means of protection. What annoys the bees. Rules of behavior. Personal hygiene. How to properly put on a beekeeping suit and face mesh.

Required accessories : white coat or overalls, facial mesh, workbook, pencil.

Topic number 32. Exhibition of hives from winter huts. Spring flight of bees. Practice in the apiary - 1 hour.

Target : Exhibition of winter hives.

Preparing a place for hives.Features of the flight, determination of the state of families by flight. The nature of the flight.

Required accessories: white coat or overalls, facial mesh, smoker, workbook, pencil.

Topic number 33. General spring inspection. Practice in the apiary - 1 hour.

Target : assistance to bee colonies after wintering.

Removal of winter deadness, replacement and cleaning of bottoms, reduction of nests and replenishment of food supplies in it. Cleaning of nests and disinfection of hives, insulation of nests.

Required accessories: white coat or overalls, facial mesh, smoker, scraper blade, workbook, pencil.

Topic number 34. Nest expansion. Practice in the apiary - 1 hour

Target: socket expansion.

Cell update. Ways to accelerate and enhance the growth of the family. Increasing the number of brood. The procedure for expanding the nest in hives of various designs.

Required accessories: white coat or overalls, facial mesh, smoker, scraper blade, frames with wax, sushi, workbook, pencil.

Topic number 35. Summing up (1h). Protection of creative works.

Requirements for the level of training of students

know:

1. The composition of the bee colony, the role of the queen, worker bees and drones in the colony, the structure and biology of individual individuals, the composition of the food of bees, the vital activity of the bee swarm, colony during the year;

2. The most important honey plants of fields, forests and grasslands, the main types of bribes;

3. The role of bees in increasing the yield of fields, features in the pollination of various crops, features of the use of bees in pollination:

4. Requirements for the hive, inventory used in the care of bees, as well as in the extraction of honey and processing of wax raw materials;

5. Typical winter huts, honeycombs, apiary buildings;

6. The concept of timber required for the manufacture of beehives, the rules for using carpentry tools, the norms for the consumption of material for a beehive;

7. Advantages of strong bee colonies and conditions for their maintenance;

8. Time and technique of the exhibition of bees, rules for inspecting bee colonies, spring care for bees, ways to expand the nest;

9. Package beekeeping;

10. Methods of keeping bees in standard hives;

11. Technology of industrial beekeeping;

12. Diseases of bee brood and adult bees, poisoning of bees with pesticides, measures to combat diseases of bees;

13. Bee honey, composition and properties, packaging and storage of honey;

14. Raw wax, its storage and processing in the apiary, the quality of foundation;

15. Royal jelly, bee venom, pollen, propolis and their uses;

understand:

Inspect the bee nest, bee colonies, determine the quality of combs, the number of bees and honey in the nest, the presence of a queen and brood of all ages in the nest;

Identify the main honey plants

Repair and paint hives, make frames;

Determine the strength of the colony and the quality of the uterus at different times of the beekeeping season, expose bees from the winter hut, conduct a spring audit of bee colonies;

To produce stretching and lining of frames, reduction and warming of the nest, expansion of the nest in hives of different types;

Form new bee colonies, determine the preparation of the colony for natural swarming, collect and plant the swarm in the hive;

To select honeycombs from hives, unpack them, pump out and clean honey;

Feed the bees and assemble the nest for the winter, as well as provide care for the bees in winter;

Identify diseased bee colonies. Collect propolis, flower pollen;

Fill out accounting paperwork.

Calendar - thematic planning

on beekeeping 9 cells.

Keeping bees in winter

Despite the bad weather, the meeting of the club of beekeepers of the Kostroma region took place.

Agenda

1. Speech by a beekeeper from the Kaliningrad region on an isolated breeding point.
2. Report of the head of the club on the work of the club of beekeepers of the Kostroma region for 2015-2016.
3. The story about visiting the fair "Golden Autumn" in Moscow and about the round table "Beekeeping in Russia and Prospects"
4. Determining plans for the 2017 season
5. Other matters

Results of the beekeeping season 2015-2016, performances by beekeepers

The chairman of the club, Babushkin Vladimir, spoke:

This season, wintering in my apiary went well, the bees winter on the street, the bee is conditionally Central Russian (local).

According to information in general, in the region, there was a large departure of bee colonies during the previous wintering. The main problem is the Varroa mite or the causes are not clear.

Spring development in the apiary was stormy, in May and June the weather and bribes were favorable. The first ten days of July nullified all the bribes. Cold night temperatures and rains nullified all the bribes. The bee flew, played in the apiary, but there were no gains. The result of the bribe is unsatisfactory.

If strong families brought something, then layering or weak families barely provided themselves with food. In general, in comparison of years, 2016 was better than 2015, but worse than 2014.

The beekeeper Melnikov Vitaly spoke:

In the winter of 2015-2016, I delivered 24 families. In the spring, 10 families remained, 14 families died. The reason for the death of bees is Varroa mite. Independently carried out the determination of the causes, a study of dead families showed more than 50% of ticks. To combat the tick, I used strips with the active substance, but the result was not effective.

To increase the apiary, 10 families from Sudislavl were purchased, as well as karnika queens. Now 32 families leave for the winter. I treated the tick in the fall with a smoke gun with a distillation agent. The result is a tick scree, the drug is effective.

The honey collection was poor, on average 20-25 kg per wintering family. But the main goal of this year was the restoration of the apiary. The main goal was achieved, further expansion is planned.

The beekeeper spoke with Apraksino

From the winter, all delivered families came out alive, all 14 pcs. One family, later in the summer, got sick. Families are different, there are in the apiary, both the Carpathian, Karnika, and the local bee, in general, "compote". In terms of bribe, the beekeeping season is better than the previous year, about 30 kg. from a wintering family. The result is not bad.

The treatment from the tick was carried out with the use of plates in the spring and autumn by Ecopol.

Of the families, one family is going weak, perhaps the family has become rotten, now it occupies 3 streets, I decided not to interfere in their lives, time will judge. The rest of the families go into the winter of good strength.

In the spring, they also bought 4 bee packages, at a price of 3500 rubles. per piece The packages are disgusting in quality, the queens are not labeled, they look with frayed wings, possibly old. We bought packages through Avito, found an ad that sells packages of Karpatka from Maykop. The packages were sold by a local beekeeper Alexander from Kustovo, who said that he had been purchasing packages and queens for more than a year. He convinced us that the queens are all labeled, families of excellent quality.

In the spring, the packages developed well, but then they went into swarming. During the autopsy, a large number of laid queen cells up to 25 pcs. on the frame! Honey, respectively, was not taken from such packages. And one package turned bad in the summer, in the other in the fall at -2 C bees flew near the entrance, problems or death of the family are also possible.

This beekeeper was told about the quality of the packages sold, but he said that this was the first time and there were no complaints before.

If you see an offer like this, don't take it.

Speech by Nikolai Grigorievich, a beekeeper from the Kaliningrad region

Over 25 years of beekeeping experience. He keeps two apiaries in the Kaliningrad region (21 and 33 families), one (13 families) in the Kadysky district of the Kostroma region, on the banks of the Nemda River. Hives are used in the apiary by Api-Russ. In the Kostroma region, the father-in-law looks after the apiary, he will soon be 90 years old.

Nikolai Grigorievich was born in the Kaliningrad region and has known bees since childhood. His father was a professional beekeeper and kept nominally 100 bee colonies, sometimes more. His mother was his seasonal assistant.

At the household, there was also an apiary, which Nikolai Grigorievich himself was engaged in. There were a lot of tasks in the apiary, I shot swarms, I was on duty in the apiary.

“The weather was good, all the village boys go to the pond, I could see all this, and I sit worried, waiting for the swarm. That's when the idea arose that I would never be a beekeeper. And I really haven't done beekeeping for a long time."

When Nikolai Grigorievich worked at the factory, on weekends he went to rest outside the city, to a friend. By the will of fate, he met a local elderly beekeeper who, years later, gave him a bee colony.

After that, he made the first hive and became an independent beekeeper.

He started an apiary in the Kadyi region, having bought bees from a beekeeper neighbor. The bees turned out to be very vicious. Thinking about changing breed. He turned his attention to the Polish queen breeders, since beekeeping is quite well established there. As a result, he changed queens not only for himself, but also for a neighbor.

Later he realized that we had a problem that the beekeeper could keep his bee. A bee with its useful qualities. He studied the experience of Europe, and there every beekeeper can save his breed. But this requires a random isolated point (flyer), which are absent in Russia.

About the flyer project

Such a project to create an isolated flyer has begun. Such a point is organized in the Kaliningrad region, on one of the spits of the Baltic Sea. A separate area has been allocated by the regional administration.

What will it give:

There will be known and necessary drones, with all the necessary documents and analyzes. There will be the necessary drone background. At this point, any beekeeper will be able to bring his queen to mate with pedigree drones.

To maintain the point, on the part of the state, from a patriotic point of view, Nikolai Grigorievich will begin work to restore the Central Russian population of bees. The question of finding breeding material of the Central Russian breed remains unresolved.

It is possible to work on karnik, backfast. Within three months, you can bring in successive breeds, for example, bring a carnika drone and the necessary paternal families. Conduct a flight. Next, take away the apiary and bring backfast to this place. It will turn out, if only, a rechargeable apiary.

Such an item will give a 100% guarantee of flying queens with the right paternal families.

Found 5 beekeepers in Kaliningrad supporting this idea, one of them often visits the apiaries of Gembala, Vilde, Lots and other famous beekeepers.

Relations have been established with queens from Poland, contacts with queen breeding nurseries.

The club of beekeepers is invited to participate in this item program. It is also proposed to purchase any lines of Polish queens and the German Institute of Celle.

Report of the head of the club, on the work of the club of beekeepers of the Kostroma region for 2015-2016

The club operates from November to March. 5 meetings per year are organized on various topics. Various issues were discussed:

• On the creation of a public regional organization of beekeepers in the Kostroma region.
• By checking apiaries for diseases.
• Discussion and formation of trade rules at honey fairs.
• Creation and discussion of the Charter
• Tribal work.
• Wintering of bees, preparation for winter and other, other topics

Members of the club participated in various fairs, as well as in various meetings with the administration of the city and region. Lists all activities for the trade in bee products.

All organizational fees have been used in full.

The story about visiting the fair "Golden Autumn" in Moscow and about the round table "Beekeeping in Russia and its prospects"

The beekeeper Valery Anatolyevich spoke. He thanked the club for the trust placed in him as a representative from the Kostroma region at this event.

The round table was held at the Ministry of Agriculture at VDNKh.

“When you listen to all these professors, ministers, you get the impression that everything is so good with bees, wonderful, we have no problems, everything is subsidized, everything develops, everything is decided at the highest level. When the speech of all the ministers ended, the beekeepers began to speak, and then it became clear how things are with us with beekeeping in reality. We have practically no subsidies in Russia, all bees are equated to cattle, we do not have a unit of measurement like bees. Suitable according to the principle of how many heads of livestock, they translate into the number of families.

Today we do not even have a law on beekeeping. And while it is not, we have no progress in the near future"

I really liked the speech of the chairman of the beekeeping society from Ryazan, there was a very bright speech, right after the professors. He said: “Here you are professors, you said that everything is fine with us, but tell me where is our Central Russian bee? Where's she? We want to work with the Central Russian bee. Why don't you select, why is she so spiteful with us? Why do we smuggle breeding queens from abroad? We pull this bee from Germany, Poland, but we practically don’t have our own bee.”

If a beekeeper works with two to five families of local bees, then you can still work. But if you work on an industrial basis, then this is unrealistic. The whole west has been working for a long time, holding 2000-3000 families. If the West goes for all subsidies, then we don't have it. Everything comes from your own pocket, what you have worked out, sold, and all your personal problems, in our country the government does not care about beekeeping.

Valery Anatolyevich talked with the director of Apimondia.

“Tell me how it all started for you? Why are you such a powerful world organization now? He replied that everything is very simple: “Guys unite, go to the deputies, and only through the government will you achieve something. By yourself, on your own, you will not achieve anything "

To do something, you need a huge investment. With our bees, we will not be able to make any serious investments.

For example, a honey processing plant, where investments in equipment amount to tens of millions and there is no end to investments. Anything you don't touch needs its own lab.

Valery Anatolyevich spoke positively about the taste qualities of Kostroma honey, its quality was recognized by the research of a special laboratory, analyzes were carried out on 136 items.

Other matters

An invitation was issued on November 11, 2016, from the Department of Agroindustrial Complex, to 6 beekeepers to participate in the solemn meeting dedicated to the Day of the Agricultural Worker. This meeting will be held with KSCA.

There was discussion of the merits and demerits of the Carpathian, and a possible return to the local population of bees, as more viable and resistant to diseases.

Grebnev Ivan

The purpose of developing a business plan: to master the methodology for developing sections of a business plan by students.

Tasks: Learn to apply theoretical knowledge to acquire practical skills.

Cultivate independence when working on a project.

Develop practical skills in planning individual sections of a business plan.

Achieve a rational (logical) sequence in the development of sections of the business plan.

Consolidate the knowledge, skills and abilities gained in the lessons of business - planning.

To attach to the independent solution of educational, production and creative tasks.

Facilitate research work to ensure the quality, scope and reality of the business plan.

Show relationship with other disciplines.

Assess the level of knowledge and readiness of students to defend a business plan.

The purpose of students' defense of a business plan is to reveal the content of a business project and prove the reality of the planned business.

Tasks: Prepare a business plan for defense, taking into account the requirements of business planning features, for the design and development of a business plan.

Prepare a business plan presentation.

Be able to establish the relationship and interdependence of all sections of the business plan.

Achieve awareness, relevance and practicality of the purpose of the business project.

Prove to the users of the business plan the reality and viability of your type of business.

Assess the quality and level of protection of the business plan.

Beekeeping is considered a separate branch of agriculture, the main purpose of which is the breeding of bees in order to obtain a valuable product - honey, as well as other useful waste products of bees (beeswax, royal jelly, perga, propolis, etc.) In addition, crops that are pollinated by bees give a rich harvest.

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Business plan for breeding bees.

1. Summary

The essence of the business is the sale of honey and bee products. I have a backyard plot of 20 acres. I plan to purchase 30 bee colonies and hives, as well as inventory, outbuildings for storing bees and pumping out honey. Having experience and knowledge of working with bees, I will increase their number by breeding existing bee colonies.

With an increase in the number of bees and products, I will sell honey and bee products to wholesale buyers, but for the first 2 years I will sell the products myself.

If possible, I will consult with experienced beekeepers on the organization of the apiary and the care of the bees. Where the business will be organized - the village of Sadoyagodnoye.

Start-up costs- 304 103 rubles.

The revenue will be- 862,080 rubles.

Profit is- 422,717 rubles.

Ways of selling goods - selling to wholesale companies, selling to customers.

The design payback of an apiary for 30 bee colonies is 18 months. The profitability of the project is 138.8%.

1. Industry Description

Beekeeping is considered a separate branch of agriculture, the main purpose of which is the breeding of bees in order to obtain a valuable product - honey, as well as other useful waste products of bees (beeswax, royal jelly, perga, propolis, etc.) In addition, crops that are pollinated by bees give a rich harvest.

This type of activity, like beekeeping, appeared in ancient times, developing over time and acquiring more modern forms. For example, even the Egyptian tombs keep references to the extraction of honey. The active spread of beekeeping is also noted in the times of Kievan Rus. Mankind has constantly tried to improve the extraction of natural wealth - honey.

1. Product Description

I will be engaged in the production of honey and bee products:

Honey "Forbs"

The name speaks for itself. Pollen for honey was collected from a large number of field and forest flowers.

The color of herbal honey occurs from golden yellow to yellow-brown, depending on the predominance of certain colors. The color palette of "forbs" honey may change over time and depends on the percentage of sweet clover, sunflower and motherwort pollen contained in it. At the time of pumping, it is light yellow, then the color becomes more saturated.

The taste of "forbs" is also determined by the dominant plant in honey. In honey, one can recognize both the mild flavor of sweet clover, and the tart note of sunflower, wildflowers, linden, apple trees, the sweetness of motherwort and many flowers. All together forms a pleasant combination.

Honey is pumped out from June to August.

Such honey has high nutritional and medicinal properties, has antimicrobial properties. Due to its composition, meadow honey is widely used for various diseases: from the treatment of various types of colds to diseases of the nervous system and heart, respiratory diseases, atherosclerosis.

Linden honey - it is one of the most valuable and best varieties of honey. Bees collect it from the nectar of greenish-yellow flowers of the queen of honey plants, as the people rightly call linden. From the flowers of one middle-aged linden, growing in favorable conditions, under optimal weather conditions, bees produce 16 or more kilograms of high-grade honey, 1 ha. flowering lindens gives 1000 or more kilograms. Bees collect up to 25 ml from each linden flower. nectar.

Linden honey - one of the best varieties. The aroma of honey ripened in the hive is very delicate and exquisitely fragrant, transparent. Linden honey has a color ranging from pale yellow to greenish. Contains 39.27% ​​levulose and 36.05% glucose. However, depending on the area where the honey was collected, these figures will be different. Among the whole variety, two of the sweetest types can be distinguished‒ lime and heather.

The type of linden does not affect the sensory characteristics of linden honey. And the intensity of smell and taste is much stronger than one could judge by the color of linden honey. The usual rule that the darker the honey, the richer it is, does not work with linden honey. Linden honey does not change color, except during crystallization. The aroma of this honey is described as fresh woody with a hint of minty, balsamic and camphor aromas. Linden honey is sweet, sometimes with a slight bitterness. After it, there is always a persistent aftertaste and a slight astringency.

Approximately 3 months after pumping, linden honey begins to crystallize: it loses its transparency and thickens. At the same time, linden honey does not lose its beneficial properties and taste. ?

as well as bee products:

Perga - effective in diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems, gastrointestinal tract (gastric and duodenal ulcers, colitis, enteritis), increases the content of hemoglobin and erythrocytes in the blood, increases the body's resistance to infection, enhances immunity; with tuberculosis, prostatitis, malignant anemia, anemia. Perga is the best biostimulant in the treatment of premature decrepitude of the body, a stimulant of male potency at a high level until old age; powerful anti-sclerotic agent. It is the best nutritional supplement for babies, from breastfeeding to pregnant women. Finally, this is the best additive in cosmetics.Masks with perga can be done 1-2 times a week. Perga preserves skin hydration, makes it normal and velvety. The effect is immediate and often striking. The face of a woman who constantly uses bee bread looks very young. blackheads on face pass with a combination of ingestion of bee pollen and daily double rubbing of the face with an alcohol extract of propolis.

Propolis - a unique product of beekeeping of plant origin, which has a high biological activity. Plants and bee products serve for a significant time for humans as both food and medicine. This relationship has been genetically fixed for 16 thousand generations.Propolis is a sticky resinous substance with which bees close up gaps and irregularities in the hive, attach the hangers of the frames to the folds of the hive, glue the canvas covers to the upper bars of the frames, etc. With propolis, the bees polish the cells of the honeycomb (before laying the testicles with the uterus), and also immure those who have climbed into the hive and killed large pests (snails, lizards, snakes, etc.), forming a special resin case around them. This is a substance that bees produce from plant pollen and the secretion of the maxillary gland. In addition to its main constituent - propolis flavone, it is also rich in amino acids, vitamins, calcium, magnesium, zinc, selenium, iron and other trace elements (about 30 types in total). Propolis contains: vegetable resins (up to 55%), essential oils (about 10%), wax (about 30%), balms (6%), tannins (4-10%), pollen (5-10%), foreign impurities (3-18%);

bee pollen - This is the second most consumed and the first important food product of the bee colony. Bees make a lot of efforts to stock up on pollen, this priceless and vital food raw material for them. Bee pollen of various plants contains at least 28 elements of the periodic table: sodium, potassium, nickel, titanium, vanadium, chromium, phosphorus, zircon, beryl, zinc, lead, silver, arsenic, tin, gallium, strontium, barium, uranium, silicon , aluminum, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, copper, calcium, iron.

The composition of bee pollen includes almost all essential amino acids, however, in unequal quantities. Bee pollen is rich in biologically active, broad-spectrum substances: anti-sclerotic, capillary-strengthening. There is a fair amount of vitamins in pollen. First of all - provitamin A, as well as vitamins C, D, E, K, PP. In addition, a growth stimulator was found in this product. It contains both enzymes and phytoncides.

1. Marketing plan

For many years, Perm companies have been working on breeding beekeeping, but here, in the climate of the Perm Territory, Central Russian bees are especially suitable. Every year the Perm Territory sells about 2400-2800 bee packages to other regions. However, despite this, the state of the bee products market remains tense, since until today the market feels a lack of quality products, which allows for expanded reproduction. This is due to the fact that the maintenance of bee colonies requires certain skills and knowledge, as well as the estate of initial capital.

In this case, my advantages will be the following:

1. I have a place for an apiary, surrounded by plants and honey plants, unlike others;
2. Theoretical and practical skills of working with bees.
3. Possibility to buy everything you need.

As for pricing, it is planned to use two strategies here:

a) "Cream skimming" strategy

b) "Preferential price"

The implementation of honey will be carried out according to two strategies, depending on the time of implementation:

The sale of the rest of the products, then there will be only the "Preferential price" method.

Thus, the products will be sold at the following prices:

1. Honey - 357.14 rubles. / RUB 309.83 kg.;
2. Pollen - 600 rubles. kg.;
3. Perga - 400 rubles. kg.;
4. Propolis - 800 rubles. 200g..

Wax will not be sold, as this product will be exchanged for foundation in the future.

Products will be stored in containers, long-term storage of products is not planned.

4. Production plan

Since the breeding of bees and the apiary itself will be located on a personal plot, as well as breeding bees on a personal subsidiary farm exempts from paying taxes (clause 13 of article 217 of chapter 23 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

All young, sparsely populated families give 25-30 kg per year. honey, but with the strengthening of the family and an increase in experience, the quantity can reach up to 50 kg.

However, as I have already said, income is provided not only by the sale of honey, but also by other bee products. From one family you can collect 5kg. pollen, about 0.5 kg. wax, 5 kg. pergi and about 200 gr. propolis.

Annual revenue from 30 hives can be up to 395,400 rubles, this can be facilitated not only by a good bribe, but also by a strong family. Therefore, I will make every effort to increase the next year's honey harvest to 35-40 kg. from one bee colony.

The total collection of beekeeping products by species per year from all available bee colonies will be:

1. Honey - 900kg.

2. Pollen - 150 kg.

3. Wax - 15kg.

4. Perga - 150 kg.

5. Propolis - 6kg.

1. organizational plan

I will register as the Head of a peasant farm and apply for the transition to the single agricultural tax. This will release me from the obligation to pay personal income tax, personal property tax, unified social tax, as well as value added tax. At the same time, payments will be made to off-budget funds: the mandatory pension fund.

Also, I plan to increase the level of knowledge to improve the maintenance of bee colonies. At the same time, I will use the experience of other beekeepers, various literature on bees, the Internet, as well as specialized courses for beekeepers.

I plan to purchase bees in the spring, as well as beehives, equipment, and a shanks.

As a wintering place for bees, I will use a omshannik, which will keep 5-7 degrees, it will have ventilation and will be quite dry.

I will sell honey in small batches, I will look for buyers on my own in the first year. I will look for buyers of beekeeping products with the help of the media, as well as sell them to retail buyers in the district center.

It is not planned to attract employees in the first year.

6. Financial plan

Calculation of income and expensessee underlined

The calculation will be made for an apiary of 30 bee colonies.

Starting costs

Hives 12 frame 3000×30 = 90000

Packets of bees 4500x30 = 135000

Omshanik 1×50000 = 50000

prevention of spring diseases "healing candy" 30 × 30 = 900

"Amitol-T" strips for prevention as varotosis (tick) 6 × 150 = 900

"Apidez" strips for prevention as varotosis (tick) 6 × 150 = 900

"Mikozol" strips prevention of ascospherosis 6 × 120 = 720

"Oxybactocide" strips prevention of foulbrood 6 × 120 = 720

Cobalt and vitamins "Pchelodar" 15 × 40 = 600

Sugar (autumn + medicines) bags 6×1375 = 8250

Containers for products 215×15 = 3225

Oil products 900 / 100 × 15 × 28.80 = 3888

Inventory

Honey extractor 1×5900 = 5900

Smoker apiary 1×350 = 350

Roevnya 400×3 = 1200

Suit for the beekeeper 1×1100 = 1100

Chisels 60×2 = 120

Bee brush 1×100 = 100

Frame wire 115×2 = 230

Total expense 1 year 304 103=

Revenue

Honey is sold in 3-liter plastic containers:

A) according to the “Skim cream” method 357.14 rubles / kg.

In the first year of the organization, the revenue can be 107142 = (10 kg × 30 × 357.14 rubles);

b) according to the method of "Preferential price" 185898= (20 kg × 30 × 309.83 rubles)

Annual revenue from the sale of bee products from 30 bee colonies can be up to 138,000

3 kg. pollen × 30 × 600 rub. = 54000

5 kg. pergi × 30 × 400 rubles = 60000

200g of propolis costs 800 rubles × 30 = 24000

Total revenue 431,040=

Taxes and contributions

The amount of the unified agricultural tax is 6% of the amount of income (reduced by the amount of expenses):

(431 040-304 103) ×6% = 7616

In addition to the tax from the moment of registration as the Head of the KFH, I have to pay a monthly payment to the Pension Fund, which is (5200 × 2 × 26% × 12) or 32480 and FFMS (5200 × 5.1%) × 12 or 3186

The tax period for the payment of unified agricultural tax is a calendar year. At its end, a tax return is submitted and the tax is paid no later than March 31 of the next year. The reporting period is a half-year, following the results of which an advance payment is paid no later than July 25.

The total profit from 30 hives for the first year is 83,565 rubles.

Annual maintenance costs amount to 19,200 rubles. in year.

1. Risk analysis.

1. Tick-borne diseases (varotosis);

2. Ascospherosis - an infectious disease of bees;

3. Foulbrood diseases;

4. Lack of food.

All this can lead to complete or partial loss (death) of bee colonies.

All these risks will need to be minimized as follows:

1. To carry out the prevention of tick-borne, infectious and foulbrood diseases in spring and autumn;

2. At the beginning of September, it is necessary to check the quantity, the content of the hive for the presence of the required amount of food, as well as the avoidance of honeydew.

1. Conclusion.

Beekeeping as an industry is profitable, but it requires certain knowledge and skills. All risks are related mainly to nature and we can only prevent them as much as possible, but we cannot completely remove them.

This business plan was created for 30 bee colonies, but do not forget that this activity requires expanded reproduction, this will require new costs and the involvement of workers.